Switched to Box::new in many places.

Many of the modifications putting in `Box::new` calls also include a
pointer to Issue 22405, which tracks going back to `box <expr>` if
possible in the future.

(Still tried to use `Box<_>` where it sufficed; thus some tests still
have `box_syntax` enabled, as they use a mix of `box` and `Box::new`.)

Precursor for overloaded-`box` and placement-`in`; see Issue 22181.

src/liballoc/boxed.rs

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ impl<T: Default> Default for Box<T> {
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 impl<T> Default for Box<[T]> {
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-    fn default() -> Box<[T]> { box [] }
+    fn default() -> Box<[T]> { Box::<[T; 0]>::new([]) }
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]

src/libcoretest/hash/mod.rs

@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ fn test_writer_hasher() {
     //assert_eq!(hasher.hash(& s), 97 + 0xFF);
     let cs: &[u8] = &[1u8, 2u8, 3u8];
     assert_eq!(hash(& cs), 9);
-    let cs: Box<[u8]> = box [1u8, 2u8, 3u8];
+    // FIXME (#22405): Replace `Box::new` with `box` here when/if possible.
+    let cs: Box<[u8]> = Box::new([1u8, 2u8, 3u8]);
     assert_eq!(hash(& cs), 9);
 
     // FIXME (#18248) Add tests for hashing Rc<str> and Rc<[T]>

src/libcoretest/iter.rs

@@ -404,7 +404,8 @@ fn test_collect() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_all() {
-    let v: Box<[int]> = box [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+    // FIXME (#22405): Replace `Box::new` with `box` here when/if possible.
+    let v: Box<[int]> = Box::new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
     assert!(v.iter().all(|&x| x < 10));
     assert!(!v.iter().all(|&x| x % 2 == 0));
     assert!(!v.iter().all(|&x| x > 100));
@@ -413,7 +414,8 @@ fn test_all() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_any() {
-    let v: Box<[int]> = box [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+    // FIXME (#22405): Replace `Box::new` with `box` here when/if possible.
+    let v: Box<[int]> = Box::new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
     assert!(v.iter().any(|&x| x < 10));
     assert!(v.iter().any(|&x| x % 2 == 0));
     assert!(!v.iter().any(|&x| x > 100));
@@ -581,8 +583,9 @@ fn test_rposition() {
 #[test]
 #[should_fail]
 fn test_rposition_panic() {
-    let v = [(box 0, box 0), (box 0, box 0),
-             (box 0, box 0), (box 0, box 0)];
+    let v: [(Box<_>, Box<_>); 4] =
+        [(box 0, box 0), (box 0, box 0),
+         (box 0, box 0), (box 0, box 0)];
     let mut i = 0;
     v.iter().rposition(|_elt| {
         if i == 2 {

src/librustc/middle/const_eval.rs

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ fn lookup_variant_by_id<'a>(tcx: &'a ty::ctxt,
             None => {}
         }
         let expr_id = match csearch::maybe_get_item_ast(tcx, enum_def,
-            box |a, b, c, d| astencode::decode_inlined_item(a, b, c, d)) {
+            Box::new(|a, b, c, d| astencode::decode_inlined_item(a, b, c, d))) {
             csearch::FoundAst::Found(&ast::IIItem(ref item)) => match item.node {
                 ast::ItemEnum(ast::EnumDef { ref variants }, _) => {
                     // NOTE this doesn't do the right thing, it compares inlined
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ pub fn lookup_const_by_id<'a>(tcx: &'a ty::ctxt, def_id: ast::DefId)
             None => {}
         }
         let expr_id = match csearch::maybe_get_item_ast(tcx, def_id,
-            box |a, b, c, d| astencode::decode_inlined_item(a, b, c, d)) {
+            Box::new(|a, b, c, d| astencode::decode_inlined_item(a, b, c, d))) {
             csearch::FoundAst::Found(&ast::IIItem(ref item)) => match item.node {
                 ast::ItemConst(_, ref const_expr) => Some(const_expr.id),
                 _ => None

src/librustc/plugin/registry.rs

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ impl<'a> Registry<'a> {
     /// It builds for you a `NormalTT` that calls `expander`,
     /// and also takes care of interning the macro's name.
     pub fn register_macro(&mut self, name: &str, expander: MacroExpanderFn) {
-        self.register_syntax_extension(token::intern(name), NormalTT(box expander, None));
+        self.register_syntax_extension(token::intern(name), NormalTT(Box::new(expander), None));
     }
 
     /// Register a compiler lint pass.

src/librustc_trans/trans/base.rs

@@ -2969,7 +2969,7 @@ pub fn write_metadata(cx: &SharedCrateContext, krate: &ast::Crate) -> Vec<u8> {
     }
 
     let encode_inlined_item: encoder::EncodeInlinedItem =
-        box |ecx, rbml_w, ii| astencode::encode_inlined_item(ecx, rbml_w, ii);
+        Box::new(|ecx, rbml_w, ii| astencode::encode_inlined_item(ecx, rbml_w, ii));
 
     let encode_parms = crate_ctxt_to_encode_parms(cx, encode_inlined_item);
     let metadata = encoder::encode_metadata(encode_parms, krate);

src/librustc_trans/trans/inline.rs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ fn instantiate_inline(ccx: &CrateContext, fn_id: ast::DefId)
     let csearch_result =
         csearch::maybe_get_item_ast(
             ccx.tcx(), fn_id,
-            box |a,b,c,d| astencode::decode_inlined_item(a, b, c, d));
+            Box::new(|a,b,c,d| astencode::decode_inlined_item(a, b, c, d)));
 
     let inline_def = match csearch_result {
         csearch::FoundAst::NotFound => {

src/librustc_typeck/check/callee.rs

@@ -152,12 +152,12 @@ fn try_overloaded_call_step<'a, 'tcx>(fcx: &FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx>,
                                                                           &closure_ty.sig).0;
                 fcx.record_deferred_call_resolution(
                     def_id,
-                    box CallResolution {call_expr: call_expr,
-                                        callee_expr: callee_expr,
-                                        adjusted_ty: adjusted_ty,
-                                        autoderefref: autoderefref,
-                                        fn_sig: fn_sig.clone(),
-                                        closure_def_id: def_id});
+                    Box::new(CallResolution {call_expr: call_expr,
+                                         callee_expr: callee_expr,
+                                         adjusted_ty: adjusted_ty,
+                                         autoderefref: autoderefref,
+                                         fn_sig: fn_sig.clone(),
+                                         closure_def_id: def_id}));
                 return Some(CallStep::DeferredClosure(fn_sig));
             }
         }

src/libstd/old_io/stdio.rs

@@ -547,8 +547,9 @@ mod tests {
 
         let (tx, rx) = channel();
         let (mut r, w) = (ChanReader::new(rx), ChanWriter::new(tx));
+        // FIXME (#22405): Replace `Box::new` with `box` here when/if possible.
         let _t = thread::spawn(move|| {
-            set_stdout(box w);
+            set_stdout(Box::new(w));
             println!("hello!");
         });
         assert_eq!(r.read_to_string().unwrap(), "hello!\n");
@@ -560,8 +561,9 @@ mod tests {
 
         let (tx, rx) = channel();
         let (mut r, w) = (ChanReader::new(rx), ChanWriter::new(tx));
+        // FIXME (#22405): Replace `Box::new` with `box` here when/if possible.
         let _t = thread::spawn(move || -> () {
-            set_stderr(box w);
+            set_stderr(Box::new(w));
             panic!("my special message");
         });
         let s = r.read_to_string().unwrap();

src/libstd/old_io/timer.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 // FIXME: These functions take Durations but only pass ms to the backend impls.
 
+use boxed::Box;
 use sync::mpsc::{Receiver, Sender, channel};
 use time::Duration;
 use old_io::IoResult;
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@ impl Timer {
         let (tx, rx) = channel();
         // Short-circuit the timer backend for 0 duration
         if in_ms_u64(duration) != 0 {
-            self.inner.oneshot(in_ms_u64(duration), box TimerCallback { tx: tx });
+            self.inner.oneshot(in_ms_u64(duration), Box::new(TimerCallback { tx: tx }));
         } else {
             tx.send(()).unwrap();
         }
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ impl Timer {
         // not clear what use a 0ms period is anyway...
         let ms = if ms == 0 { 1 } else { ms };
         let (tx, rx) = channel();
-        self.inner.period(ms, box TimerCallback { tx: tx });
+        self.inner.period(ms, Box::new(TimerCallback { tx: tx }));
         return rx
     }
 }

src/libstd/rt/unwind.rs

@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ fn rust_panic(cause: Box<Any + Send + 'static>) -> ! {
     rtdebug!("begin_unwind()");
 
     unsafe {
-        let exception = box Exception {
+        let exception: Box<_> = box Exception {
             uwe: uw::_Unwind_Exception {
                 exception_class: rust_exception_class(),
                 exception_cleanup: exception_cleanup,
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ pub fn begin_unwind_fmt(msg: fmt::Arguments, file_line: &(&'static str, uint)) -
 
     let mut s = String::new();
     let _ = write!(&mut s, "{}", msg);
-    begin_unwind_inner(box s, file_line)
+    begin_unwind_inner(Box::new(s), file_line)
 }
 
 /// This is the entry point of unwinding for panic!() and assert!().
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ pub fn begin_unwind<M: Any + Send>(msg: M, file_line: &(&'static str, uint)) ->
     // panicking.
 
     // see below for why we do the `Any` coercion here.
-    begin_unwind_inner(box msg, file_line)
+    begin_unwind_inner(Box::new(msg), file_line)
 }
 
 /// The core of the unwinding.

src/libstd/thunk.rs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ impl<'a,A,R> Thunk<'a,A,R> {
         where F : FnOnce(A) -> R, F : Send + 'a
     {
         Thunk {
-            invoke: box func
+            invoke: Box::<F>::new(func)
         }
     }
 

src/libsyntax/diagnostic.rs

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ pub fn mk_span_handler(handler: Handler, cm: codemap::CodeMap) -> SpanHandler {
 pub fn default_handler(color_config: ColorConfig,
                        registry: Option<diagnostics::registry::Registry>,
                        can_emit_warnings: bool) -> Handler {
-    mk_handler(can_emit_warnings, box EmitterWriter::stderr(color_config, registry))
+    mk_handler(can_emit_warnings, Box::new(EmitterWriter::stderr(color_config, registry)))
 }
 
 pub fn mk_handler(can_emit_warnings: bool, e: Box<Emitter + Send>) -> Handler {
@@ -352,11 +352,11 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
         if use_color {
             let dst = match term::stderr() {
                 Some(t) => Terminal(t),
-                None    => Raw(box stderr),
+                None    => Raw(Box::new(stderr)),
             };
             EmitterWriter { dst: dst, registry: registry }
         } else {
-            EmitterWriter { dst: Raw(box stderr), registry: registry }
+            EmitterWriter { dst: Raw(Box::new(stderr)), registry: registry }
         }
     }
 

src/libsyntax/ext/base.rs

@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ fn initial_syntax_expander_table<'feat>(ecfg: &expand::ExpansionConfig<'feat>)
                                         -> SyntaxEnv {
     // utility function to simplify creating NormalTT syntax extensions
     fn builtin_normal_expander(f: MacroExpanderFn) -> SyntaxExtension {
-        NormalTT(box f, None)
+        NormalTT(Box::new(f), None)
     }
 
     let mut syntax_expanders = SyntaxEnv::new();
@@ -489,9 +489,9 @@ fn initial_syntax_expander_table<'feat>(ecfg: &expand::ExpansionConfig<'feat>)
                             builtin_normal_expander(
                                     ext::log_syntax::expand_syntax_ext));
     syntax_expanders.insert(intern("derive"),
-                            Decorator(box ext::deriving::expand_meta_derive));
+                            Decorator(Box::new(ext::deriving::expand_meta_derive)));
     syntax_expanders.insert(intern("deriving"),
-                            Decorator(box ext::deriving::expand_deprecated_deriving));
+                            Decorator(Box::new(ext::deriving::expand_deprecated_deriving)));
 
     if ecfg.enable_quotes() {
         // Quasi-quoting expanders

src/libsyntax/ext/deriving/clone.rs

@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_clone<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 args: Vec::new(),
                 ret_ty: Self_,
                 attributes: attrs,
-                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(box |c, s, sub| {
+                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(Box::new(|c, s, sub| {
                     cs_clone("Clone", c, s, sub)
-                }),
+                })),
             }
         ),
         associated_types: Vec::new(),

src/libsyntax/ext/deriving/cmp/eq.rs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_eq<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 cx.expr_binary(span, ast::BiAnd, subexpr, eq)
             },
             cx.expr_bool(span, true),
-            box |cx, span, _, _| cx.expr_bool(span, false),
+            Box::new(|cx, span, _, _| cx.expr_bool(span, false)),
             cx, span, substr)
     }
     fn cs_ne(cx: &mut ExtCtxt, span: Span, substr: &Substructure) -> P<Expr> {
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_eq<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 cx.expr_binary(span, ast::BiOr, subexpr, eq)
             },
             cx.expr_bool(span, false),
-            box |cx, span, _, _| cx.expr_bool(span, true),
+            Box::new(|cx, span, _, _| cx.expr_bool(span, true)),
             cx, span, substr)
     }
 
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_eq<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 args: vec!(borrowed_self()),
                 ret_ty: Literal(path_local!(bool)),
                 attributes: attrs,
-                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(box |a, b, c| {
+                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(Box::new(|a, b, c| {
                     $f(a, b, c)
-                })
+                }))
             }
         } }
     }

src/libsyntax/ext/deriving/cmp/ord.rs

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_ord<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 args: vec!(borrowed_self()),
                 ret_ty: Literal(path_local!(bool)),
                 attributes: attrs,
-                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(box |cx, span, substr| {
+                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(Box::new(|cx, span, substr| {
                     cs_op($op, $equal, cx, span, substr)
-                })
+                }))
             }
         } }
     }
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_ord<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
         args: vec![borrowed_self()],
         ret_ty: ret_ty,
         attributes: attrs,
-        combine_substructure: combine_substructure(box |cx, span, substr| {
+        combine_substructure: combine_substructure(Box::new(|cx, span, substr| {
             cs_partial_cmp(cx, span, substr)
-        })
+        }))
     };
 
     let trait_def = TraitDef {
@@ -175,13 +175,13 @@ pub fn cs_partial_cmp(cx: &mut ExtCtxt, span: Span,
             cx.expr_block(cx.block(span, vec!(assign), Some(if_)))
         },
         equals_expr.clone(),
-        box |cx, span, (self_args, tag_tuple), _non_self_args| {
+        Box::new(|cx, span, (self_args, tag_tuple), _non_self_args| {
             if self_args.len() != 2 {
                 cx.span_bug(span, "not exactly 2 arguments in `derive(PartialOrd)`")
             } else {
                 some_ordering_collapsed(cx, span, PartialCmpOp, tag_tuple)
             }
-        },
+        }),
         cx, span, substr)
 }
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ fn cs_op(less: bool, equal: bool, cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
             cx.expr_binary(span, ast::BiOr, cmp, and)
         },
         cx.expr_bool(span, equal),
-        box |cx, span, (self_args, tag_tuple), _non_self_args| {
+        Box::new(|cx, span, (self_args, tag_tuple), _non_self_args| {
             if self_args.len() != 2 {
                 cx.span_bug(span, "not exactly 2 arguments in `derive(PartialOrd)`")
             } else {
@@ -233,6 +233,6 @@ fn cs_op(less: bool, equal: bool, cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 };
                 some_ordering_collapsed(cx, span, op, tag_tuple)
             }
-        },
+        }),
         cx, span, substr)
 }

src/libsyntax/ext/deriving/cmp/totaleq.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_totaleq<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
             let block = cx.block(span, stmts, None);
             cx.expr_block(block)
         },
-                       box |cx, sp, _, _| cx.span_bug(sp, "non matching enums in derive(Eq)?"),
+                       Box::new(|cx, sp, _, _| {
+                           cx.span_bug(sp, "non matching enums in derive(Eq)?") }),
                        cx,
                        span,
                        substr)
@@ -57,9 +58,9 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_totaleq<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 args: vec!(),
                 ret_ty: nil_ty(),
                 attributes: attrs,
-                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(box |a, b, c| {
+                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(Box::new(|a, b, c| {
                     cs_total_eq_assert(a, b, c)
-                })
+                }))
             }
         ),
         associated_types: Vec::new(),

src/libsyntax/ext/deriving/cmp/totalord.rs

@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ pub fn expand_deriving_totalord<F>(cx: &mut ExtCtxt,
                 args: vec!(borrowed_self()),
                 ret_ty: Literal(path_std!(cx, core::cmp::Ordering)),
                 attributes: attrs,
-                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(box |a, b, c| {
+                combine_substructure: combine_substructure(Box::new(|a, b, c| {
                     cs_cmp(a, b, c)
-                }),
+                })),
             }
         ),
         associated_types: Vec::new(),
@@ -131,12 +131,12 @@ pub fn cs_cmp(cx: &mut ExtCtxt, span: Span,
             cx.expr_block(cx.block(span, vec!(assign), Some(if_)))
         },
         cx.expr_path(equals_path.clone()),
-        box |cx, span, (self_args, tag_tuple), _non_self_args| {
+        Box::new(|cx, span, (self_args, tag_tuple), _non_self_args| {
             if self_args.len() != 2 {
                 cx.span_bug(span, "not exactly 2 arguments in `derives(Ord)`")
             } else {
                 ordering_collapsed(cx, span, tag_tuple)
             }
-        },
+        }),
         cx, span, substr)
 }