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Merge pull request #1926 from nurse/ruby-2-6-0-released
Ruby 2.6.0 Released
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‎_data/branches.yml

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# eol_date: date of EOL (YYYY-MM-DD)
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- name: 2.6
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status: preview
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date:
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status: normal maintenance
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status: 2018-12-25
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eol_date:
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- name: 2.5

‎_data/downloads.yml

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# optional
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preview:
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7-
- 2.6.0-rc2
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stable:
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- 2.6.0
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- 2.5.3
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- 2.4.5
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‎_data/releases.yml

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# 2.6 series
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- version: 2.6.0
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date: 2018-12-25
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post: /en/news/2018/12/25/ruby-2-6-0-released/
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url:
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gz: https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.tar.gz
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zip: https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.zip
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bz2: https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.tar.bz2
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xz: https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.tar.xz
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sha256:
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gz: f3c35b924a11c88ff111f0956ded3cdc12c90c04b72b266ac61076d3697fc072
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zip: 8a4fb6ca58202495c9682cb88effd804398bd0ef023e3e36f001ca88d8b5855a
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bz2: c89ca663ad9a6238f4b1ec4d04c7dff630560c6e6eca6d30857c4d394f01a599
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xz: acb00f04374899ba8ee74bbbcb9b35c5c6b1fd229f1876554ee76f0f1710ff5f
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- version: 2.6.0-rc2
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date: 2018-12-15
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post: /en/news/2018/12/15/ruby-2-6-0-rc2-released/

‎en/news/_posts/2018-12-25-ruby-2-6-0-released.md

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---
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layout: news_post
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title: "Ruby 2.6.0 Released"
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author: "naruse"
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translator:
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date: 2018-12-25 00:00:00 +0000
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lang: en
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---
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We are pleased to announce the release of Ruby 2.6.0.
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It introduces a number of new features and performance improvements, most notably:
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* A new JIT compiler.
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* The `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree` module.
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## JIT [Experimental]
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Ruby 2.6 introduces an initial implementation of a JIT (Just-In-Time) compiler.
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The JIT compiler aims to improve the performance of Ruby programs. Unlike traditional JIT compilers which operate in-process, Ruby's JIT compiler writes out C code to disk and spawns a common C compiler to generate native code. For more details about it, see the [MJIT organization by Vladimir Makarov](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby/wiki/MJIT#MJIT-organization).
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In order to enable the JIT compiler, specify `--jit` on the command line or in the `$RUBYOPT` environment variable. Specifying `--jit-verbose=1` will cause the JIT compiler to print additional information. Read the output of `ruby --help` or [the documentation](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/projects/ruby/wiki/MJIT#Basic-usage) for other options.
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The JIT compiler is supported when Ruby is built by GCC, Clang, or Microsoft VC++, which needs to be available at runtime.
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As of Ruby 2.6.0, we have achieved [1.7x faster performance](https://gist.github.com/k0kubun/d7f54d96f8e501bbbc78b927640f4208) compared to Ruby 2.5 on a CPU-intensive, non-trivial benchmark called [Optcarrot](https://github.com/mame/optcarrot). However, it is still experimental and many other memory-intensive workloads like Rails might not benefit from it at the moment. For more details, see [Ruby 2.6 JIT - Progress and Future](https://medium.com/@k0kubun/ruby-2-6-jit-progress-and-future-84e0a830ecbf).
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Stay tuned for the new age of Ruby's performance.
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## `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree` [Experimental]
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Ruby 2.6 introduces the `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree` module. **Future compatibility of this module is not guaranteed**.
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This module has a `parse` method, which parses the given string as Ruby code and returns the AST (Abstract Syntax Tree) nodes of the code. The `parse_file` method opens and parses the given file as Ruby code and returns AST nodes.
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The `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node` class is also introduced. You can get source location and children nodes from `Node` objects. This feature is experimental.
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## Other Notable New Features
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* Add an alias of `Kernel#yield_self` named `#then`. [[Feature #14594]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14594)
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* Constant names may start with a non-ASCII capital letter. [[Feature #13770]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/13770)
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* Introduce endless ranges. [[Feature #12912]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12912)
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An endless range, `(1..)`, works as if it has no end. Here are some typical use cases:
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ary[1..] # identical to ary[1..-1] without magical -1
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(1..).each {|index| ... } # enumerates values starting from index 1
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ary.zip(1..) {|elem, index| ... } # ary.each.with_index(1) { ... }
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* Add `Enumerable#chain` and `Enumerator#+` [[Feature #15144]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15144)
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* Add function composition operators `<<` and `>>` to `Proc` and `Method`. [[Feature #6284]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/6284)
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f = proc{|x| x + 2}
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g = proc{|x| x * 3}
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(f << g).call(3) # -> 11; identical to f(g(3))
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(f >> g).call(3) # -> 15; identical to g(f(3))
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* Add `Binding#source_location`. [[Feature #14230]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14230)
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This method returns the source location of the binding, a 2-element array of `__FILE__` and `__LINE__`. Technically speaking, this is identical to `eval("[__FILE__, __LINE__]", binding)`. However, we are planning to change this behavior so that `Kernel#eval` ignores binding's source location [[Bug #4352]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/4352). As such, it is recommended to use `Binding#source_location` instead of `Kernel#eval`.
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* Add an `exception:` option to `Kernel#system` which causes it to raise an exception on failure instead of returning `false`. [[Feature #14386]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14386)
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* Add a oneshot mode to `Coverage` [[Feature#15022]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15022)
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* This mode checks "whether each line was executed at least once or not", instead of "how many times each line was executed". A hook for each line is fired only once, and once it is fired the hook flag will be removed, i.e., it runs with zero overhead.
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* Add `oneshot_lines:` keyword argument to Coverage.start.
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* Add `stop:` and `clear:` keyword arguments to Coverage.result. If `clear` is true, it clears the counters to zero. If `stop` is true, it disables coverage measurement.
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* Coverage.line_stub is a simple helper function that creates the "stub" of line coverage from a given source code.
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* Add `FileUtils#cp_lr`. It works just like cp_r but links instead of copies. [[Feature #4189]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/4189)
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## Performance improvements
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* Speed up `Proc#call` by removing the temporary allocation for `$SAFE`.
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[[Feature #14318]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14318)
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We have observed a 1.4x peformance improvement in the `lc_fizzbuzz` benchmark that calls `Proc#call` numerous times. [[Bug #10212]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/10212)
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* Speed up `block.call` when `block` is passed in as a block parameter. [[Feature #14330]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14330)
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Combined with improvements around block handling introduced in Ruby 2.5, block evaluation now performs 2.6x faster in a micro-benchmark in Ruby 2.6. [[Feature #14045]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14045)
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* Transient Heap (`theap`) is introduced. [[Bug #14858]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14858) [[Feature #14989]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14989)
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`theap` is managed heap for short-living memory objects which are pointed by specific classes (`Array`, `Hash`, `Object`, and `Struct`). Making small and short-living Hash object is 2x faster. With rdoc benchmark, we observed 6-7% performance improvement.
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* Native implementations (`arm32`, `arm64`, `ppc64le`, `win32`, `win64`, `x86`, `amd64`) of coroutines to improve context switching performance of Fiber significantly. [[Feature #14739]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14739)
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`Fiber.yield` and `Fiber#resume` is about 5x faster on 64-bit Linux. Fiber intensive programs can expect up to 5% improvement overall.
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## Other notable changes since 2.5
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* `$SAFE` is now a process global state and it can be set back to `0`. [[Feature #14250]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14250)
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* Passing `safe_level` to `ERB.new` is deprecated. `trim_mode` and `eoutvar` arguments have been changed to keyword arguments. [[Feature #14256]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14256)
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* Unicode support is updated to version 11. We have plans to add support Unicode version 12 and 12.1 in a future TEENY release of Ruby 2.6. This will include support for the [new Japenese era](http://blog.unicode.org/2018/09/new-japanese-era.html).
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* Merge RubyGems 3.0.1. The `--ri` and `--rdoc` options have been removed. Please use `--document` and `--no-document` options instead.
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* [Bundler](https://github.com/bundler/bundler) is now installed as a default gem.
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* In exception handling blocks, `else` without `rescue` now causes a syntax error. [EXPERIMENTAL][[Feature #14606]](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14606)
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See [NEWS](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/v2_6_0/NEWS) or [commit logs](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/compare/v2_5_0...v2_6_0) for more details.
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With those changes, [6437 files changed, 231471 insertions(+), 98498 deletions(-)](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/compare/v2_5_0...v2_6_0) since Ruby 2.5.0!
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Merry Christmas, Happy Holidays, and enjoy programming with Ruby 2.6!
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## Download
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* <https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.tar.gz>
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SIZE: 16687800 bytes
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SHA1: c95f4e86e21390270dad3ebb94491fd42ee2ce69
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SHA256: f3c35b924a11c88ff111f0956ded3cdc12c90c04b72b266ac61076d3697fc072
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SHA512: 01f886b0c0782a06315c4a46414e9f2b66ee634ba4349c8e0697f511793ae3c56d2ad3cad6563f2b0fdced
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f0ff3eba51b9afab907e7e1ac243475772f8688382
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* <https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.zip>
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SIZE: 20582054 bytes
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SHA1: a804e63d18da12107e1d101918a3d8f4c5462a27
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SHA256: 8a4fb6ca58202495c9682cb88effd804398bd0ef023e3e36f001ca88d8b5855a
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SHA512: 16d66ec4a2c6a2e928d5b50e094a5efa481ac6e4d5ed77459d351ef19fe692aa59b68307e3e25229eec5f3
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0ae2f9adae2663bafe9c9d44bfb45d3833d77839d4
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* <https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.tar.bz2>
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SIZE: 14585856 bytes
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SHA1: b8638eb806efbf7b6af87b24ccc6ad915f262318
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SHA256: c89ca663ad9a6238f4b1ec4d04c7dff630560c6e6eca6d30857c4d394f01a599
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SHA512: ca3daf9acf11d3db2900af21b66231bd1f025427a9d2212b35f6137ca03f77f57171ddfdb99022c8c8bcd730ff92a7a4af54e8a2a770a67d8e16c5807aa391f1
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* <https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.0.tar.xz>
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SIZE: 11918536 bytes
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SHA1: 9ddaeba3505d2855460c8c653159fc0ac8928c0f
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SHA256: acb00f04374899ba8ee74bbbcb9b35c5c6b1fd229f1876554ee76f0f1710ff5f
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SHA512: c56eaf85ef7b79deb34ee4590b143c07f4fc83eb79775290761aee5a7c63374659613538a41f25706ed6e19e49d5c67a1014c24d17f29948294c7abd0b0fcea8

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