GH-32609: [Python] Add typing to arrow using stubs

dev/release/rat_exclude_files.txt

@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ python/pyarrow/tests/__init__.py
 python/pyarrow/vendored/*
 python/pyarrow/src/arrow/python/vendored/*
 python/requirements*.txt
+python/stubs/*
 pax_global_header
 MANIFEST.in
 __init__.pxd

python/py.typed

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.

python/pyproject.toml

@@ -97,3 +97,24 @@ version_file = 'pyarrow/_generated_version.py'
 version_scheme = 'guess-next-dev'
 git_describe_command = 'git describe --dirty --tags --long --match "apache-arrow-[0-9]*.*"'
 fallback_version = '22.0.0a0'
+
+[tool.ty.rules]
+invalid-argument-type = "ignore"
+invalid-assignment = "ignore"
+invalid-context-manager = "ignore"
+invalid-return-type = "ignore"
+invalid-type-form = "ignore"
+no-matching-overload = "ignore"
+non-subscriptable = "ignore"
+not-iterable = "ignore"
+possibly-unbound-attribute = "ignore"
+possibly-unbound-import = "ignore"
+too-many-positional-arguments = "ignore"
+unknown-argument = "ignore"
+unresolved-attribute = "ignore"
+unresolved-global = "ignore"
+unresolved-import = "ignore"
+unresolved-reference = "ignore"
+unsupported-operator = "ignore"
+missing-argument = "ignore"
+call-non-callable = "ignore"

python/stubs/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+BSD 2-Clause License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024, ZhengYu, Xu
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.