Admit that Final variables are never redefined (#19083)

Fixes #19080. There is no point applying our heuristics if the variable
is declared Final - it is not reassigned anywhere.

---------

Co-authored-by: Shantanu <12621235+hauntsaninja@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: sterliakov

mypy/checker.py

@@ -1557,6 +1557,10 @@ def is_var_redefined_in_outer_context(self, v: Var, after_line: int) -> bool:
         Note that this doesn't do a full CFG analysis but uses a line number based
         heuristic that isn't correct in some (rare) cases.
         """
+        if v.is_final:
+            # Final vars are definitely never reassigned.
+            return False
+
         outers = self.tscope.outer_functions()
         if not outers:
             # Top-level function -- outer context is top level, and we can't reason about

test-data/unit/check-final.test

@@ -1250,3 +1250,25 @@ def check_final_init() -> None:
     new_instance = FinalInit()
     new_instance.__init__()
 [builtins fixtures/tuple.pyi]
+
+[case testNarrowingOfFinalPersistsInFunctions]
+from typing import Final, Union
+
+def _init() -> Union[int, None]:
+    return 0
+
+FOO: Final = _init()
+
+class Example:
+
+    if FOO is not None:
+        reveal_type(FOO)  # N: Revealed type is "builtins.int"
+
+        def fn(self) -> int:
+            return FOO
+
+if FOO is not None:
+    reveal_type(FOO)  # N: Revealed type is "builtins.int"
+
+    def func() -> int:
+        return FOO