Consistent use of valid index check

[eendebakpt]

Feature or enhancement

In listobject.c there is an optimization to check whether an index is valid (e.g. 0 <= index < N) using a single comparison. The same optimization is not used in other files such as tupleobject.c.

By replacing index checks with a single macro that includes the optimization we have consistency in the code and have the optimized check for all index checks.

Previous discussion

Idea first mentioned at faster-cpython/ideas#498

Linked PRs

• gh-99761: add invalid_index macro #99762
• gh-99761: Add _PyLong_IsPositiveSingleDigit #100064

[serhiy-storchaka]

This is a duplicate of #72583.