gh-xxxx: expose _PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM as a settable variable

The generated sysconfig data during builds encodes a PEP-425
platform tag. During native (target=host) builds, the bootstrapped
compiler runs Python code in sysconfig to derive an appropriate value.

For cross compiles, we fall back to logic in configure (that code
lives around the changed lines) to derive an appropriate platform
tag, which is exported as an environment variable during builds.
And there is a "backdoor" in `sysconfig.py` that causes
`sysconfig.get_platform()` to return that value.

The logic in configure for deriving an appropriate platform tag
is a far cry from what's in `sysconfig.py`. Ideally that logic
would be fully (re)implemented in configure. But that's a
non-trivial amount of work.

Recognizing that configure makes inadequate platform tag decisions
during cross-compiles, this commit switches `_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM`
from a regular output variable to a "precious variable" (in autoconf
speak). This has the side-effect of allowing invokers to define the
variable, effectively allowing them to explicitly set the platform
tag during builds to a correct value when configure otherwise wouldn't
set one.

Author: indygreg

configure

@@ -584,35 +584,47 @@ then
 fi
 AC_MSG_RESULT("$MACHDEP")
 
-AC_SUBST(_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM)
-if test "$cross_compiling" = yes; then
-	case "$host" in
-	*-*-linux*)
-		case "$host_cpu" in
-		arm*)
-			_host_cpu=arm
-			;;
-		*)
-			_host_cpu=$host_cpu
-		esac
-		;;
-	*-*-cygwin*)
-		_host_cpu=
-		;;
-	*-*-vxworks*)
-		_host_cpu=$host_cpu
-		;;
-	wasm32-*-* | wasm64-*-*)
-		_host_cpu=$host_cpu
-		;;
-	*)
-		# for now, limit cross builds to known configurations
-		MACHDEP="unknown"
-		AC_MSG_ERROR([cross build not supported for $host])
-	esac
-	_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM="$MACHDEP${_host_cpu:+-$_host_cpu}"
+AC_ARG_VAR(_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM, [
+  Forces a platform tag value for use in sysconfig data. This will be calculated
+  automatically in non-cross builds by running sysconfig code in the
+  bootstrapped interpreter. In cross builds, an attempt will be made to
+  derive an appropriate value in configure. But some targets may derive
+  incorrect values. This variable can be set to force a value. Example
+  values: linux-x86_64, macosx-10.9-universal2, win-amd64])
+AC_MSG_CHECKING(_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM)
+
+if test -z "${_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM}"; then
+    if test "$cross_compiling" = yes; then
+        case "$host" in
+        *-*-linux*)
+            case "$host_cpu" in
+            arm*)
+                _host_cpu=arm
+                ;;
+            *)
+                _host_cpu=$host_cpu
+            esac
+            ;;
+        *-*-cygwin*)
+            _host_cpu=
+            ;;
+        *-*-vxworks*)
+            _host_cpu=$host_cpu
+            ;;
+        wasm32-*-* | wasm64-*-*)
+            _host_cpu=$host_cpu
+            ;;
+        *)
+            # for now, limit cross builds to known configurations
+            MACHDEP="unknown"
+            AC_MSG_ERROR([cross build not supported for $host])
+        esac
+        _PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM="$MACHDEP${_host_cpu:+-$_host_cpu}"
+    fi
 fi
 
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$_PYTHON_HOST_PLATFORM])
+
 # Some systems cannot stand _XOPEN_SOURCE being defined at all; they
 # disable features if it is defined, without any means to access these
 # features as extensions. For these systems, we skip the definition of