diff --git a/changelog.d/1937.change.rst b/changelog.d/1937.change.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..acd4305968
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/1937.change.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Preserved case-sensitivity of keys in setup.cfg so that entry point names are case-sensitive. Changed sensitivity of configparser. NOTE: Any projects relying on case-insensitivity will need to adapt to accept the original case as published. -- by :user:`melissa-kun-li`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/setuptools/dist.py b/setuptools/dist.py
index 050388de16..c31020f0c4 100644
--- a/setuptools/dist.py
+++ b/setuptools/dist.py
@@ -583,6 +583,7 @@ def _parse_config_files(self, filenames=None):  # noqa: C901
             self.announce("Distribution.parse_config_files():")
 
         parser = ConfigParser()
+        parser.optionxform = str
         for filename in filenames:
             with io.open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as reader:
                 if DEBUG:
diff --git a/setuptools/tests/test_config.py b/setuptools/tests/test_config.py
index 1dee12718f..649075609a 100644
--- a/setuptools/tests/test_config.py
+++ b/setuptools/tests/test_config.py
@@ -802,6 +802,24 @@ def test_entry_points(self, tmpdir):
         with get_dist(tmpdir) as dist:
             assert dist.entry_points == expected
 
+    def test_case_sensitive_entry_points(self, tmpdir):
+        _, config = fake_env(
+            tmpdir,
+            '[options.entry_points]\n'
+            'GROUP1 = point1 = pack.module:func, '
+            '.point2 = pack.module2:func_rest [rest]\n'
+            'group2 = point3 = pack.module:func2\n'
+        )
+
+        with get_dist(tmpdir) as dist:
+            assert dist.entry_points == {
+                'GROUP1': [
+                    'point1 = pack.module:func',
+                    '.point2 = pack.module2:func_rest [rest]',
+                ],
+                'group2': ['point3 = pack.module:func2']
+            }
+
     def test_data_files(self, tmpdir):
         fake_env(
             tmpdir,