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Introduction to Statistics
user guide

Introduction to Statistics

Based on the statistics, the TiDB optimizer chooses the most efficient query execution plan. The statistics collect table-level and column-level information. The statistics of a table include the total number of rows and the number of updated rows. The statistics of a column include the number of different values, the number of NULL, and the histogram of the column.

Collect statistics

Manual collection

You can run the ANALYZE statement to collect statistics.

Syntax:

ANALYZE TABLE TableNameList
> The statement collects statistics of all the tables in `TableNameList`. 

ANALYZE TABLE TableName INDEX IndexNameList
> The statement collects statistics of the index columns on all `IndexNameList` in `TableName`.

Automatic update

For the INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statements, TiDB automatically updates the number of rows and updated rows. TiDB persists this information regularly and the update cycle is 5 * stats-lease. The default value of stats-lease is 3s. If you specify the value as 0, it does not update automatically.

Control ANALYZE concurrency

When you run the ANALYZE statement, you can adjust the concurrency using the following parameters, to control its effect on the system.

tidb_build_stats_concurrency

Currently, when you run the ANALYZE statement, the task is divided into multiple small tasks. Each task only works on one column or index. You can use the tidb_build_stats_concurrency parameter to control the number of simultaneous tasks. The default value is 4.

tidb_distsql_scan_concurrency

When you analyze regular columns, you can use the tidb_distsql_scan_concurrency parameter to control the number of Region to be read at one time. The default value is 10.

tidb_index_serial_scan_concurrency

When you analyze index columns, you can use the tidb_index_serial_scan_concurrency parameter to control the number of Region to be read at one time. The default value is 1.

View statistics

You can view the statistics status using the following statements.

Metadata of tables

You can use the SHOW STATS_META statement to view the total number of rows and the number of updated rows.

Syntax:

SHOW STATS_META [ShowLikeOrWhere]
> The statement returns the total number of rows and the number of updated rows. You can use `ShowLikeOrWhere` to filter the information you need.

Currently, the SHOW STATS_META statement returns the following 5 columns:

Syntax Element Description
db_name database name
table_name table name
update_time the time of the update
modify_count the number of modified rows
row_count the total number of rows

Metadata of columns

You can use the SHOW STATS_HISTOGRAMS statement to view the number of different values and the number of NULL in all the columns.

Syntax:

SHOW STATS_HISTOGRAMS [ShowLikeOrWhere]
> The statement returns the number of different values and the number of `NULL` in all the columns. You can use `ShowLikeOrWhere` to filter the information you need.

Currently, the SHOW STATS_HISTOGRAMS statement returns the following 7 columns:

Syntax Element Description
db_name database name
table_name table name
column_name column name
is_index whether it is an index column or not
update_time the time of the update
distinct_count the number of different values
null_count the number of NULL

Buckets of histogram

You can use the SHOW STATS_BUCKETS statement to view each bucket of the histogram.

Syntax:

SHOW STATS_BUCKETS [ShowLikeOrWhere]
> The statement returns information about all the buckets. You can use `ShowLikeOrWhere` to filter the information you need.

Currently, the SHOW STATS_BUCKETS statement returns the following 9 columns:

Syntax Element Description
db_name database name
table_name table name
column_name column name
is_index whether it is an index column or not
bucket_id the ID of a bucket
count the number of all the values that falls on the bucket and the previous buckets
repeats the occurrence number of the maximum value
lower_bound the minimum value
upper_bound the maximum value

Delete statistics

You can run the DROP STATS statement to delete statistics.

Syntax:

DROP STATS TableName
> The statement deletes statistics of all the tables in `TableName`。