diff --git a/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules.rs b/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules.rs
index 6a256e3509867..67e42da8bffad 100644
--- a/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules.rs
+++ b/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ oxc_macros::declare_all_lint_rules! {
     eslint::getter_return,
     eslint::no_array_constructor,
     eslint::no_async_promise_executor,
+    eslint::no_case_declarations,
     eslint::no_bitwise,
     eslint::no_caller,
     eslint::no_class_assign,
diff --git a/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules/eslint/no_case_declarations.rs b/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules/eslint/no_case_declarations.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..3a4c0d6ba9ce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/oxc_linter/src/rules/eslint/no_case_declarations.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+use oxc_ast::{AstKind, ast::{Statement, Declaration}};
+use oxc_diagnostics::{
+    miette::{self, Diagnostic},
+    thiserror::Error,
+};
+use oxc_macros::declare_oxc_lint;
+use oxc_span::Span;
+
+use crate::{context::LintContext, rule::Rule, AstNode};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error, Diagnostic)]
+#[error("eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.")]
+#[diagnostic(severity(warning))]
+struct NoCaseDeclarationsDiagnostic(#[label] pub Span);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct NoCaseDeclarations;
+
+declare_oxc_lint!(
+    /// ### What it does
+    /// Disallow lexical declarations in case clauses.
+    ///
+    /// ### Why is this bad?
+    /// The reason is that the lexical declaration is visible
+    /// in the entire switch block but it only gets initialized when it is assigned, 
+    /// which will only happen if the case where it is defined is reached.
+    ///
+    /// ### Example
+    /// ```javascript
+    // switch (foo) {
+    //   case 1:
+    //       let x = 1;
+    //       break;
+    //   case 2:
+    //       const y = 2;
+    //       break;
+    //   case 3:
+    //       function f() {}
+    //       break;
+    //   default:
+    //       class C {}
+    // }
+    /// ```
+    NoCaseDeclarations,
+    correctness
+);
+
+
+impl Rule for NoCaseDeclarations {
+    fn run<'a>(&self, node: &AstNode<'a>, ctx: &LintContext<'a>) {
+        if let AstKind::SwitchCase(switch_case) = node.kind() {
+            let consequent = &switch_case.consequent;
+
+            for stmt in consequent {
+              if let Statement::Declaration(dcl) = stmt {
+                match dcl {
+                  Declaration::FunctionDeclaration(d) => {
+                    ctx.diagnostic(NoCaseDeclarationsDiagnostic(d.span));
+                  }
+                  Declaration::ClassDeclaration(d) => {
+                    ctx.diagnostic(NoCaseDeclarationsDiagnostic(d.span));
+                  }
+                  Declaration::VariableDeclaration(var) if var.kind.is_lexical() => {
+                    ctx.diagnostic(NoCaseDeclarationsDiagnostic(var.span));
+                  }
+                  _ => {}
+                }
+              };
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test() {
+    use crate::tester::Tester;
+
+    let pass = vec![
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: { let x = 1; break; } default: { let x = 2; break; } }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: { const x = 1; break; } default: { const x = 2; break; } }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: { function f() {} break; } default: { function f() {} break; } }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: { class C {} break; } default: { class C {} break; } }", None)
+    ];
+
+    let fail = vec![
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: let x = 1; break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { default: let x = 2; break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: const x = 1; break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { default: const x = 2; break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: function f() {} break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { default: function f() {} break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { case 1: class C {} break; }", None),
+      ("switch (a) { default: class C {} break; }", None)
+    ];
+
+    Tester::new(NoCaseDeclarations::NAME, pass, fail).test_and_snapshot();
+}
diff --git a/crates/oxc_linter/src/snapshots/no_case_declarations.snap b/crates/oxc_linter/src/snapshots/no_case_declarations.snap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..921bb62b341ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/oxc_linter/src/snapshots/no_case_declarations.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+source: crates/oxc_linter/src/tester.rs
+expression: no_case_declarations
+---
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { case 1: let x = 1; break; }
+   ·                      ──────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { default: let x = 2; break; }
+   ·                       ──────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { case 1: const x = 1; break; }
+   ·                      ────────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { default: const x = 2; break; }
+   ·                       ────────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { case 1: function f() {} break; }
+   ·                      ───────────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { default: function f() {} break; }
+   ·                       ───────────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { case 1: class C {} break; }
+   ·                      ──────────
+   ╰────
+
+  ⚠ eslint(no-case-declarations): Unexpected lexical declaration in case block.
+   ╭─[no_case_declarations.tsx:1:1]
+ 1 │ switch (a) { default: class C {} break; }
+   ·                       ──────────
+   ╰────
+
+