Add script to populate required checks list (#4127)

Fixes #4126

scripts/add_required_checks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# This script is to be used by maintainers by running it locally.
+
+from requests import put
+from os import environ
+from yaml import safe_load
+from json import dumps
+
+job_names = ["EasyCLA"]
+
+# Check that the files below are all the workflow YAML files that should be
+# considered.
+for yml_file_name in [
+    "test_0", "test_1", "misc_0", "lint_0", "contrib_0", "check-links"
+]:
+
+    with open(f"../.github/workflows/{yml_file_name}.yml") as yml_file:
+        job_names.extend(
+            [job["name"] for job in safe_load(yml_file)["jobs"].values()]
+        )
+
+owner = "open-telemetry"
+repo = "opentelemetry-python"
+branch = "main"
+
+response = put(
+    (
+        f"https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}/branches/{branch}/"
+        "protection/required_status_checks/contexts"
+    ),
+    headers={
+        "Accept": "application/vnd.github.v3+json",
+        # The token has to be created in Github, and exported to the
+        # environment variable below. When creating the token, the resource
+        # owner must be open-telemetry, the access must be for the repo above,
+        # and read and write permissions must be granted for administration
+        # permissions and read permissions must be granted for metadata
+        # permissions.
+        "Authorization": f"token {environ.get('REQUIRED_CHECKS_TOKEN')}"
+    },
+    data=dumps({"contexts": job_names})
+)
+
+if response.status_code == 200:
+    print(response.content)
+else:
+    print(
+        "Failed to update branch protection settings. "
+        f"Status code: {response.status_code}"
+    )
+    print(response.json())