diff --git a/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue.go b/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue.go
index d3ea82b005b..02dfea97cd3 100644
--- a/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue.go
+++ b/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue.go
@@ -94,6 +94,13 @@ func (q *BlockQueue) HandleBlock(block *flow.Block, parentFinalState *flow.State
 	// check if the block already exists
 	blockID := block.ID()
 	executable, ok := q.blocks[blockID]
+
+	q.log.Debug().
+		Str("blockID", blockID.String()).
+		Uint64("height", block.Header.Height).
+		Bool("parent executed", parentFinalState != nil).
+		Msg("handle block")
+
 	if ok {
 		// handle the case where the block has seen before
 		return q.handleKnownBlock(executable, parentFinalState)
@@ -101,15 +108,38 @@ func (q *BlockQueue) HandleBlock(block *flow.Block, parentFinalState *flow.State
 
 	// handling a new block
 
+	_, parentExists := q.blocks[block.Header.ParentID]
 	// if parentFinalState is not provided, then its parent block must exists in the queue
 	// otherwise it's an exception
 	if parentFinalState == nil {
-		_, parentExists := q.blocks[block.Header.ParentID]
 		if !parentExists {
 			return nil, nil,
 				fmt.Errorf("block %s has no parent commitment, but its parent block %s does not exist in the queue: %w",
 					blockID, block.Header.ParentID, ErrMissingParent)
 		}
+	} else {
+		if parentExists {
+			// this is an edge case where A <- B, and B is received with A's final state, however,
+			// A is not executed yet.
+			// the reason this could happen is that there is a race condition in `OnBlockExecuted` and
+			// `HandleBlock`, when A's execution result (which contains the final state) has been
+			// saved to database, and B is received before `blockQueue.OnBlockExecuted(A)` is called, so
+			// `blockQueue.HandleBlock(B, A's final state)` will be called, which run into this case.
+			// In this case, if we consider A is executed, then return B as executables, and later
+			// when `OnBlockExecuted(A)` is called, it will return B as executables again, which
+			// will cause B to be executed twice.
+			// In order to prevent B to be executed twice, we will simply ignore A's final state,
+			// as if its parent has not been executed yet, then B is not executable. And when `OnBlockExecuted(A)`
+			// is called, it will return B as executables, so that both A and B will be executed only once.
+			// See test case: TestHandleBlockChildCalledBeforeOnBlockExecutedParent
+			q.log.Warn().
+				Str("blockID", blockID.String()).
+				Uint64("height", block.Header.Height).
+				Msgf("edge case: receiving block with parent commitment, but its parent block %s still exists",
+					block.Header.ParentID)
+
+			parentFinalState = nil
+		}
 	}
 
 	executable = &entity.ExecutableBlock{
@@ -226,6 +256,11 @@ func (q *BlockQueue) OnBlockExecuted(
 	q.Lock()
 	defer q.Unlock()
 
+	q.log.Debug().
+		Str("blockID", blockID.String()).
+		Hex("commit", commit[:]).
+		Msg("block executed")
+
 	return q.onBlockExecuted(blockID, commit)
 }
 
@@ -244,6 +279,12 @@ func (q *BlockQueue) handleKnownBlock(executable *entity.ExecutableBlock, parent
 	// in this case, we will internally call OnBlockExecuted(parentBlockID, parentFinalState).
 	// there is no need to create the executable block again, since it's already created.
 	if executable.StartState == nil && parentFinalState != nil {
+		q.log.Warn().
+			Str("blockID", executable.ID().String()).
+			Uint64("height", executable.Block.Header.Height).
+			Hex("parentID", executable.Block.Header.ParentID[:]).
+			Msg("edge case: receiving block with no parent commitment, but its parent block actually has been executed")
+
 		executables, err := q.onBlockExecuted(executable.Block.Header.ParentID, *parentFinalState)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("receiving block %v with parent commitment %v, but parent block %v already exists with no commitment, fail to call mark parent as executed: %w",
diff --git a/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue_test.go b/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue_test.go
index baf72c21162..e54be3eb574 100644
--- a/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue_test.go
+++ b/engine/execution/ingestion/block_queue/queue_test.go
@@ -52,6 +52,47 @@ func TestSingleBlockBecomeReady(t *testing.T) {
 	requireQueueIsEmpty(t, q)
 }
 
+func TestHandleBlockChildCalledBeforeOnBlockExecutedParent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	// Given a chain
+	// R <- A(C1) <- B(C2,C3) <- C() <- D()
+	// -    ^------- E(C4,C5) <- F(C6)
+	// -             ^-----------G()
+	block, _, commitFor := makeChainABCDEFG()
+	// take block C and D
+	blockC, blockD := block("C"), block("D")
+
+	q := NewBlockQueue(unittest.Logger())
+
+	// Given block B has been executed, and block C is received,
+	// block C becomes executable
+	missing, executables, err := q.HandleBlock(blockC, commitFor("B"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	requireExecutableHas(t, executables, blockC)
+	require.Empty(t, missing)
+
+	// Now we received blockD, with block C's commit, however,
+	// the block queue state shows block D's parent (C) has not been executed yet,
+	// because OnBlockExecuted(C) is not called.
+	// In this case, we will ignore block C's commit, as if block C has not
+	// been executed yet.
+	missing, executables, err = q.HandleBlock(blockD, commitFor("C"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	requireExecutableHas(t, executables)
+	require.Empty(t, missing)
+
+	// later block C is executed, which will make block D to be executable
+	executables, err = q.OnBlockExecuted(blockC.ID(), *commitFor("C"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	requireExecutableHas(t, executables, blockD)
+
+	// once block D is executed, the queue should be empty
+	executables, err = q.OnBlockExecuted(blockD.ID(), *commitFor("D"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	requireExecutableHas(t, executables)
+	requireQueueIsEmpty(t, q)
+}
+
 func TestMultipleBlockBecomesReady(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// Given a chain
diff --git a/engine/execution/ingestion/core.go b/engine/execution/ingestion/core.go
index ae53a0a14ba..faf7b51e26e 100644
--- a/engine/execution/ingestion/core.go
+++ b/engine/execution/ingestion/core.go
@@ -189,6 +189,7 @@ func (e *Core) onProcessableBlock(blockID flow.Identifier) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to enqueue block %v: %w", blockID, err)
 	}
 
+	e.log.Debug().Int("executables", len(executables)).Msgf("executeConcurrently block is executable")
 	e.executeConcurrently(executables)
 
 	err = e.fetch(missingColls)
@@ -304,6 +305,8 @@ func (e *Core) onBlockExecuted(
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot persist execution state: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	e.log.Debug().Uint64("height", block.Block.Header.Height).Msgf("execution state saved")
+
 	// must call OnBlockExecuted AFTER saving the execution result to storage
 	// because when enqueuing a block, we rely on execState.StateCommitmentByBlockID
 	// to determine whether a block has been executed or not.
@@ -340,6 +343,8 @@ func (e *Core) onBlockExecuted(
 	// its parent block has been successfully saved to storage.
 	// this ensures OnBlockExecuted would not be called with blocks in a wrong order, such as
 	// OnBlockExecuted(childBlock) being called before OnBlockExecuted(parentBlock).
+
+	e.log.Debug().Int("executables", len(executables)).Msgf("executeConcurrently: parent block is executed")
 	e.executeConcurrently(executables)
 
 	return nil
@@ -365,6 +370,7 @@ func (e *Core) onCollection(col *flow.Collection) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error while adding collection to block queue")
 	}
 
+	e.log.Debug().Int("executables", len(executables)).Msgf("executeConcurrently: collection is handled, ready to execute block")
 	e.executeConcurrently(executables)
 
 	return nil