stream: refactor to avoid unsafe array iteration

[aduh95]

This PR includes changes from #36346 (which has not landed yet pending reviews), please review only 1666ca7 on this thread.

[aduh95]

Benchmark CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/view/Node.js%20benchmark/job/benchmark-node-micro-benchmarks/913/

EDIT: No significant regressions, and one perf improvement:

streams/creation.jskind='writable' n=50000000           ***      6.33 %       ±2.30% ±3.07% ±4.02%

Details

                                                                                         confidence improvement accuracy (*)   (**)  (***)
streams/creation.jskind='duplex' n=50000000                                                             -0.91 %       ±4.65% ±6.19% ±8.06%
streams/creation.jskind='readable' n=50000000                                                            0.23 %       ±2.05% ±2.74% ±3.57%
streams/creation.jskind='transform' n=50000000                                                           0.29 %       ±3.01% ±4.00% ±5.21%
streams/creation.jskind='writable' n=50000000                                                   ***      6.33 %       ±2.30% ±3.07% ±4.02%
streams/pipe.jsn=5000000                                                                                -0.14 %       ±2.60% ±3.47% ±4.54%
streams/pipe-object-mode.jsn=5000000                                                                    -1.80 %       ±2.37% ±3.17% ±4.16%
streams/readable-async-iterator.jssync='no' n=100000                                                    -1.58 %       ±2.10% ±2.79% ±3.64%
streams/readable-async-iterator.jssync='yes' n=100000                                                   -2.15 %       ±3.86% ±5.14% ±6.70%
streams/readable-bigread.jsn=1000                                                                       -0.40 %       ±3.14% ±4.18% ±5.45%
streams/readable-bigunevenread.jsn=1000                                                                 -0.60 %       ±3.73% ±4.98% ±6.49%
streams/readable-boundaryread.jstype='buffer' n=2000                                                    -0.72 %       ±2.16% ±2.87% ±3.74%
streams/readable-boundaryread.jstype='string' n=2000                                                     0.21 %       ±1.47% ±1.96% ±2.55%
streams/readable-readall.jsn=5000                                                                        0.54 %       ±3.80% ±5.05% ±6.58%
streams/readable-unevenread.jsn=1000                                                                     0.44 %       ±3.08% ±4.10% ±5.35%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='no' writev='no' sync='no' n=2000000                    -0.01 %       ±1.94% ±2.60% ±3.42%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='no' writev='no' sync='yes' n=2000000                   -2.56 %       ±3.36% ±4.47% ±5.83%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='no' writev='yes' sync='no' n=2000000                   -0.28 %       ±2.66% ±3.54% ±4.61%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='no' writev='yes' sync='yes' n=2000000            *     -3.57 %       ±2.91% ±3.87% ±5.05%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='yes' writev='no' sync='no' n=2000000                    0.29 %       ±1.14% ±1.52% ±1.98%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='yes' writev='no' sync='yes' n=2000000                  -0.09 %       ±3.34% ±4.45% ±5.79%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='yes' writev='yes' sync='no' n=2000000                   1.18 %       ±2.32% ±3.09% ±4.04%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=1024 callback='yes' writev='yes' sync='yes' n=2000000                  0.46 %       ±2.77% ±3.68% ±4.79%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='no' writev='no' sync='no' n=2000000                    0.63 %       ±2.33% ±3.12% ±4.11%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='no' writev='no' sync='yes' n=2000000            *      1.21 %       ±1.08% ±1.44% ±1.87%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='no' writev='yes' sync='no' n=2000000                  -0.50 %       ±1.47% ±1.96% ±2.55%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='no' writev='yes' sync='yes' n=2000000                 -0.25 %       ±1.73% ±2.31% ±3.00%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='yes' writev='no' sync='no' n=2000000                  -1.15 %       ±2.46% ±3.30% ±4.35%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='yes' writev='no' sync='yes' n=2000000                 -0.21 %       ±1.38% ±1.84% ±2.39%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='yes' writev='yes' sync='no' n=2000000                 -1.13 %       ±1.82% ±2.42% ±3.16%
streams/writable-manywrites.jslen=32768 callback='yes' writev='yes' sync='yes' n=2000000                 0.62 %       ±1.79% ±2.39% ±3.12%

Be aware that when doing many comparisons the risk of a false-positive
result increases. In this case, there are 30 comparisons, you can thus
expect the following amount of false-positive results:
  1.50 false positives, when considering a   5% risk acceptance (*, **, ***),
  0.30 false positives, when considering a   1% risk acceptance (**, ***),
  0.03 false positives, when considering a 0.1% risk acceptance (***)

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/35815/

[aduh95]

This is blocked by #36346. Can I get a green tick over there as I think it's ready to land? (maybe from @Lxxyx?)

[aduh95]

Landed in 4ad46e2

[mcollina]

I'm a bit concerned that so many changes to streams lands without a @nodejs/streams approval.

@nodejs/tsc wdyt?