diff --git a/src/node_contextify.cc b/src/node_contextify.cc
index 42ab844b66f30b..3da8746e2c46bb 100644
--- a/src/node_contextify.cc
+++ b/src/node_contextify.cc
@@ -529,6 +529,7 @@ void ContextifyContext::PropertySetterCallback(
       !is_function)
     return;
 
+  if (!is_declared && property->IsSymbol()) return;
   if (ctx->sandbox()->Set(context, property, value).IsNothing()) return;
 
   Local<Value> desc;
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-vm-global-get-own.js b/test/parallel/test-vm-global-get-own.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..246fcbf866b8b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-vm-global-get-own.js
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+'use strict';
+require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const vm = require('vm');
+
+// These assertions check that we can set new keys to the global context,
+// get them back and also list them via getOwnProperty* or in.
+//
+// Related to:
+// - https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/45983
+
+const global = vm.runInContext('this', vm.createContext());
+
+function runAssertions(data, property, viaDefine, value1, value2, value3) {
+  // Define the property for the first time
+  setPropertyAndAssert(data, property, viaDefine, value1);
+  // Update the property
+  setPropertyAndAssert(data, property, viaDefine, value2);
+  // Delete the property
+  deletePropertyAndAssert(data, property);
+  // Re-define the property
+  setPropertyAndAssert(data, property, viaDefine, value3);
+  // Delete the property again
+  deletePropertyAndAssert(data, property);
+}
+
+const fun1 = () => 1;
+const fun2 = () => 2;
+const fun3 = () => 3;
+
+function runAssertionsOnSandbox(builder) {
+  const sandboxContext = vm.createContext({ runAssertions, fun1, fun2, fun3 });
+  vm.runInContext(builder('this'), sandboxContext);
+  vm.runInContext(builder('{}'), sandboxContext);
+}
+
+// Assertions on: define property
+runAssertions(global, 'toto', true, 1, 2, 3);
+runAssertions(global, Symbol.for('toto'), true, 1, 2, 3);
+runAssertions(global, 'tutu', true, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+runAssertions(global, Symbol.for('tutu'), true, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+runAssertions(global, 'tyty', true, fun1, 2, 3);
+runAssertions(global, Symbol.for('tyty'), true, fun1, 2, 3);
+
+// Assertions on: direct assignment
+runAssertions(global, 'titi', false, 1, 2, 3);
+runAssertions(global, Symbol.for('titi'), false, 1, 2, 3);
+runAssertions(global, 'tata', false, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+runAssertions(global, Symbol.for('tata'), false, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+runAssertions(global, 'tztz', false, fun1, 2, 3);
+runAssertions(global, Symbol.for('tztz'), false, fun1, 2, 3);
+
+// Assertions on: define property from sandbox
+runAssertionsOnSandbox(
+  (variable) => `
+    runAssertions(${variable}, 'toto', true, 1, 2, 3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, Symbol.for('toto'), true, 1, 2, 3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, 'tutu', true, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, Symbol.for('tutu'), true, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, 'tyty', true, fun1, 2, 3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, Symbol.for('tyty'), true, fun1, 2, 3);`
+);
+
+// Assertions on: direct assignment from sandbox
+runAssertionsOnSandbox(
+  (variable) => `
+    runAssertions(${variable}, 'titi', false, 1, 2, 3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, Symbol.for('titi'), false, 1, 2, 3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, 'tata', false, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, Symbol.for('tata'), false, fun1, fun2, fun3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, 'tztz', false, fun1, 2, 3);
+    runAssertions(${variable}, Symbol.for('tztz'), false, fun1, 2, 3);`
+);
+
+// Helpers
+
+// Set the property on data and assert it worked
+function setPropertyAndAssert(data, property, viaDefine, value) {
+  if (viaDefine) {
+    Object.defineProperty(data, property, {
+      enumerable: true,
+      writable: true,
+      value: value,
+      configurable: true,
+    });
+  } else {
+    data[property] = value;
+  }
+  assert.strictEqual(data[property], value);
+  assert.ok(property in data);
+  if (typeof property === 'string') {
+    assert.ok(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(data).includes(property));
+  } else {
+    assert.ok(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(data).includes(property));
+  }
+}
+
+// Delete the property from data and assert it worked
+function deletePropertyAndAssert(data, property) {
+  delete data[property];
+  assert.strictEqual(data[property], undefined);
+  assert.ok(!(property in data));
+  assert.ok(!Object.getOwnPropertyNames(data).includes(property));
+  assert.ok(!Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(data).includes(property));
+}
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-vm-global-symbol.js b/test/parallel/test-vm-global-symbol.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 92038d9bfcf02d..00000000000000
--- a/test/parallel/test-vm-global-symbol.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-require('../common');
-const assert = require('assert');
-const vm = require('vm');
-
-const global = vm.runInContext('this', vm.createContext());
-
-const totoSymbol = Symbol.for('toto');
-Object.defineProperty(global, totoSymbol, {
-  enumerable: true,
-  writable: true,
-  value: 4,
-  configurable: true,
-});
-assert.strictEqual(global[totoSymbol], 4);
-assert.ok(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(global).includes(totoSymbol));
-
-const totoKey = 'toto';
-Object.defineProperty(global, totoKey, {
-  enumerable: true,
-  writable: true,
-  value: 5,
-  configurable: true,
-});
-assert.strictEqual(global[totoKey], 5);
-assert.ok(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(global).includes(totoKey));