capture.c

/* capture.c
 * Routines for packet capture
 *
 * $Id$
 *
 * Wireshark - Network traffic analyzer
 * By Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org>
 * Copyright 1998 Gerald Combs
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include "config.h"
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LIBPCAP

#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
#include <sys/socket.h>         /* needed to define AF_ values on UNIX */
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_WINSOCK2_H
#include <winsock2.h>           /* needed to define AF_ values on Windows */
#endif

#ifdef NEED_INET_V6DEFS_H
# include "inet_v6defs.h"
#endif

#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <glib.h>

#include <epan/packet.h>
#include <epan/dfilter/dfilter.h>
#include <epan/ws_strsplit.h>
#include "file.h"
#include "capture.h"
#include "capture_sync.h"
#include "capture_info.h"
#include "capture_ui_utils.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "capture-pcap-util.h"
#include "alert_box.h"
#include "simple_dialog.h"
#include <epan/prefs.h>
#include "conditions.h"
#include "ringbuffer.h"

#ifdef _WIN32
#include "capture-wpcap.h"
#endif
#include "ui_util.h"
#include "file_util.h"
#include "log.h"



/**
 * Start a capture.
 *
 * @return TRUE if the capture starts successfully, FALSE otherwise.
 */
gboolean
capture_start(capture_options *capture_opts)
{
  gboolean ret;


  /* close the currently loaded capture file */
  cf_close(capture_opts->cf);

  g_assert(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_STOPPED);
  capture_opts->state = CAPTURE_PREPARING;

  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Start ...");

  /* try to start the capture child process */
  ret = sync_pipe_start(capture_opts);
  if(!ret) {
      if(capture_opts->save_file != NULL) {
          g_free(capture_opts->save_file);
          capture_opts->save_file = NULL;
      }

      g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Start failed!");
      capture_opts->state = CAPTURE_STOPPED;
  } else {
      /* the capture child might not respond shortly after bringing it up */
      /* (especially it will block, if no input coming from an input capture pipe (e.g. mkfifo) is coming in) */

      /* to prevent problems, bring the main GUI into "capture mode" right after successfully */
      /* spawn/exec the capture child, without waiting for any response from it */
      cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_prepared, capture_opts);

      if(capture_opts->show_info)
        capture_info_open(capture_opts->iface);
  }

  return ret;
}


void
capture_stop(capture_options *capture_opts)
{
  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Stop ...");

  cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_stopping, capture_opts);

  /* stop the capture child gracefully */
  sync_pipe_stop(capture_opts);
}


void
capture_restart(capture_options *capture_opts)
{
    g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Restart");

    capture_opts->restart = TRUE;
    capture_stop(capture_opts);
}


void
capture_kill_child(capture_options *capture_opts)
{
  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_INFO, "Capture Kill");

  /* kill the capture child */
  sync_pipe_kill(capture_opts->fork_child);
}



/* We've succeeded a (non real-time) capture, try to read it into a new capture file */
static gboolean
capture_input_read_all(capture_options *capture_opts, gboolean is_tempfile, gboolean drops_known,
guint32 drops)
{
  int err;


  /* Capture succeeded; attempt to open the capture file. */
  if (cf_open(capture_opts->cf, capture_opts->save_file, is_tempfile, &err) != CF_OK) {
    /* We're not doing a capture any more, so we don't have a save
       file. */
    return FALSE;
  }

  /* Set the read filter to NULL. */
  /* XXX - this is odd here, try to put it somewhere, where it fits better */
  cf_set_rfcode(capture_opts->cf, NULL);

  /* Get the packet-drop statistics.

     XXX - there are currently no packet-drop statistics stored
     in libpcap captures, and that's what we're reading.

     At some point, we will add support in Wiretap to return
     packet-drop statistics for capture file formats that store it,
     and will make "cf_read()" get those statistics from Wiretap.
     We clear the statistics (marking them as "not known") in
     "cf_open()", and "cf_read()" will only fetch them and mark
     them as known if Wiretap supplies them, so if we get the
     statistics now, after calling "cf_open()" but before calling
     "cf_read()", the values we store will be used by "cf_read()".

     If a future libpcap capture file format stores the statistics,
     we'll put them into the capture file that we write, and will
     thus not have to set them here - "cf_read()" will get them from
     the file and use them. */
  if (drops_known) {
    cf_set_drops_known(capture_opts->cf, TRUE);

    /* XXX - on some systems, libpcap doesn't bother filling in
       "ps_ifdrop" - it doesn't even set it to zero - so we don't
       bother looking at it.

       Ideally, libpcap would have an interface that gave us
       several statistics - perhaps including various interface
       error statistics - and would tell us which of them it
       supplies, allowing us to display only the ones it does. */
    cf_set_drops(capture_opts->cf, drops);
  }

  /* read in the packet data */
  switch (cf_read(capture_opts->cf)) {

  case CF_READ_OK:
  case CF_READ_ERROR:
    /* Just because we got an error, that doesn't mean we were unable
       to read any of the file; we handle what we could get from the
       file. */
    break;

  case CF_READ_ABORTED:
    /* User wants to quit program. Exit by leaving the main loop,
       so that any quit functions we registered get called. */
    main_window_nested_quit();
    return FALSE;
  }

  /* if we didn't captured even a single packet, close the file again */
  if(cf_get_packet_count(capture_opts->cf) == 0 && !capture_opts->restart) {
    simple_dialog(ESD_TYPE_INFO, ESD_BTN_OK,
"%sNo packets captured!%s\n"
"\n"
"As no data was captured, closing the %scapture file!\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"Help about capturing can be found at:\n"
"\n"
"       http://wiki.wireshark.org/CaptureSetup"
#ifdef _WIN32
"\n\n"
"Wireless (Wi-Fi/WLAN):\n"
"Try to switch off promiscuous mode in the Capture Options!"
#endif
"",
    simple_dialog_primary_start(), simple_dialog_primary_end(),
    (cf_is_tempfile(capture_opts->cf)) ? "temporary " : "");
    cf_close(capture_opts->cf);
  }
  return TRUE;
}


/* capture child tells us we have a new (or the first) capture file */
gboolean
capture_input_new_file(capture_options *capture_opts, gchar *new_file)
{
  gboolean is_tempfile;
  int  err;


  if(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_PREPARING) {
    g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture started!");
  }
  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "File: \"%s\"", new_file);

  g_assert(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_PREPARING || capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_RUNNING);

  /* free the old filename */
  if(capture_opts->save_file != NULL) {
    /* we start a new capture file, close the old one (if we had one before) */
    /* (we can only have an open capture file in real_time_mode!) */
    if( ((capture_file *) capture_opts->cf)->state != FILE_CLOSED) {
        cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_update_finished, capture_opts->cf);
        cf_finish_tail(capture_opts->cf, &err);
        cf_close(capture_opts->cf);
    }
    g_free(capture_opts->save_file);
    is_tempfile = FALSE;
    cf_set_tempfile(capture_opts->cf, FALSE);
  } else {
    /* we didn't had a save_file before, must be a tempfile */
    is_tempfile = TRUE;
    cf_set_tempfile(capture_opts->cf, TRUE);
  }

  /* save the new filename */
  capture_opts->save_file = g_strdup(new_file);

  /* if we are in real-time mode, open the new file now */
  if(capture_opts->real_time_mode) {
    /* Attempt to open the capture file and set up to read from it. */
    switch(cf_start_tail(capture_opts->cf, capture_opts->save_file, is_tempfile, &err)) {
    case CF_OK:
      break;
    case CF_ERROR:
      /* Don't unlink (delete) the save file - leave it around,
         for debugging purposes. */
      g_free(capture_opts->save_file);
      capture_opts->save_file = NULL;
      return FALSE;
      break;
    }
  }

  if(capture_opts->show_info) {
    if (!capture_info_new_file(new_file))
      return FALSE;
  }

  if(capture_opts->real_time_mode) {
    cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_update_started, capture_opts);
  } else {
    cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_fixed_started, capture_opts);
  }
  capture_opts->state = CAPTURE_RUNNING;

  return TRUE;
}


/* capture child tells us we have new packets to read */
void
capture_input_new_packets(capture_options *capture_opts, int to_read)
{
  int  err;


  g_assert(capture_opts->save_file);

  if(capture_opts->real_time_mode) {
    /* Read from the capture file the number of records the child told us it added. */
    switch (cf_continue_tail(capture_opts->cf, to_read, &err)) {

    case CF_READ_OK:
    case CF_READ_ERROR:
      /* Just because we got an error, that doesn't mean we were unable
         to read any of the file; we handle what we could get from the
         file.

         XXX - abort on a read error? */
         cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_update_continue, capture_opts->cf);
      break;

    case CF_READ_ABORTED:
      /* Kill the child capture process; the user wants to exit, and we
         shouldn't just leave it running. */
      capture_kill_child(capture_opts);
      break;
    }
  } else {
    /* increase capture file packet counter by the number or incoming packets */
    cf_set_packet_count(capture_opts->cf,
        cf_get_packet_count(capture_opts->cf) + to_read);

    cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_fixed_continue, capture_opts->cf);
  }

  /* update the main window, so we get events (e.g. from the stop toolbar button) */
  main_window_update();

  if(capture_opts->show_info)
    capture_info_new_packets(to_read);
}


/* Capture child told us how many dropped packets it counted.
 */
void
capture_input_drops(capture_options *capture_opts, int dropped)
{
  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_INFO, "%d packet%s dropped", dropped, plurality(dropped, "", "s"));

  g_assert(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_RUNNING);

  cf_set_drops_known(capture_opts->cf, TRUE);
  cf_set_drops(capture_opts->cf, dropped);
}


/* Capture child told us that an error has occurred while starting/running
   the capture.
   The buffer we're handed has *two* null-terminated strings in it - a
   primary message and a secondary message, one right after the other.
   The secondary message might be a null string.
 */
void
capture_input_error_message(capture_options *capture_opts, char *error_msg, char *secondary_error_msg)
{
  gchar *safe_error_msg;
  gchar *safe_secondary_error_msg;

  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Error message from child: \"%s\", \"%s\"",
        error_msg, secondary_error_msg);

  g_assert(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_PREPARING || capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_RUNNING);

  safe_error_msg = simple_dialog_format_message(error_msg);
  if (*secondary_error_msg != '\0') {
    /* We have both primary and secondary messages. */
    safe_secondary_error_msg = simple_dialog_format_message(secondary_error_msg);
    simple_dialog(ESD_TYPE_ERROR, ESD_BTN_OK, "%s%s%s\n\n%s",
                  simple_dialog_primary_start(), safe_error_msg,
                  simple_dialog_primary_end(), safe_secondary_error_msg);
    g_free(safe_secondary_error_msg);
  } else {
    /* We have only a primary message. */
    simple_dialog(ESD_TYPE_ERROR, ESD_BTN_OK, "%s%s%s",
                  simple_dialog_primary_start(), safe_error_msg,
                  simple_dialog_primary_end());
  }
  g_free(safe_error_msg);

  /* the capture child will close the sync_pipe if required, nothing to do for now */
}



/* Capture child told us that an error has occurred while parsing a
   capture filter when starting/running the capture.
 */
void
capture_input_cfilter_error_message(capture_options *capture_opts, char *error_message)
{
  dfilter_t   *rfcode = NULL;
  gchar *safe_cfilter = simple_dialog_format_message(capture_opts->cfilter);
  gchar *safe_cfilter_error_msg = simple_dialog_format_message(error_message);

  g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture filter error message from child: \"%s\"", error_message);

  g_assert(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_PREPARING || capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_RUNNING);

  /* Did the user try a display filter? */
  if (dfilter_compile(capture_opts->cfilter, &rfcode) && rfcode != NULL) {
    simple_dialog(ESD_TYPE_ERROR, ESD_BTN_OK,
      "%sInvalid capture filter: \"%s\"!%s\n"
      "\n"
      "That string looks like a valid display filter; however, it isn't a valid\n"
      "capture filter (%s).\n"
      "\n"
      "Note that display filters and capture filters don't have the same syntax,\n"
      "so you can't use most display filter expressions as capture filters.\n"
      "\n"
      "See the User's Guide for a description of the capture filter syntax.",
      simple_dialog_primary_start(), safe_cfilter,
      simple_dialog_primary_end(), safe_cfilter_error_msg);
      dfilter_free(rfcode);
  } else {
    simple_dialog(ESD_TYPE_ERROR, ESD_BTN_OK,
      "%sInvalid capture filter: \"%s\"!%s\n"
      "\n"
      "That string isn't a valid capture filter (%s).\n"
      "See the User's Guide for a description of the capture filter syntax.",
      simple_dialog_primary_start(), safe_cfilter,
      simple_dialog_primary_end(), safe_cfilter_error_msg);
  }
  g_free(safe_cfilter_error_msg);
  g_free(safe_cfilter);

  /* the capture child will close the sync_pipe if required, nothing to do for now */
}


/* capture child closed its side of the pipe, do the required cleanup */
void
capture_input_closed(capture_options *capture_opts)
{
    int  err;
    int  packet_count_save;

    g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture stopped!");
    g_assert(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_PREPARING || capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_RUNNING);

    /* if we didn't started the capture, do a fake start */
    /* (happens if we got an error message - we won't get a filename then) */
    if(capture_opts->state == CAPTURE_PREPARING) {
        if(capture_opts->real_time_mode) {
            cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_update_started, capture_opts);
        } else {
            cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_fixed_started, capture_opts);
        }
    }

    if(capture_opts->real_time_mode) {
	cf_read_status_t status;

        /* Read what remains of the capture file. */
        status = cf_finish_tail(capture_opts->cf, &err);

        /* XXX: If -Q (quit-after-cap) then cf->count clr'd below so save it first */
	packet_count_save = cf_get_packet_count(capture_opts->cf);
        /* Tell the GUI, we are not doing a capture any more.
		   Must be done after the cf_finish_tail(), so file lengths are displayed
		   correct. */
        cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_update_finished, capture_opts->cf);

        /* Finish the capture. */
        switch (status) {

        case CF_READ_OK:
            if ((packet_count_save == 0) && !capture_opts->restart) {
                simple_dialog(ESD_TYPE_INFO, ESD_BTN_OK,
"%sNo packets captured!%s\n"
"\n"
"As no data was captured, closing the %scapture file!\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"Help about capturing can be found at:\n"
"\n"
"       http://wiki.wireshark.org/CaptureSetup"
#ifdef _WIN32
"\n\n"
"Wireless (Wi-Fi/WLAN):\n"
"Try to switch off promiscuous mode in the Capture Options!"
#endif
"",
              simple_dialog_primary_start(), simple_dialog_primary_end(),
              cf_is_tempfile(capture_opts->cf) ? "temporary " : "");
              cf_close(capture_opts->cf);
            }
            break;
        case CF_READ_ERROR:
          /* Just because we got an error, that doesn't mean we were unable
             to read any of the file; we handle what we could get from the
             file. */
          break;

        case CF_READ_ABORTED:
          /* Exit by leaving the main loop, so that any quit functions
             we registered get called. */
          main_window_quit();
        }

    } else {
        /* first of all, we are not doing a capture any more */
        cf_callback_invoke(cf_cb_live_capture_fixed_finished, capture_opts->cf);

        /* this is a normal mode capture and if no error happened, read in the capture file data */
        if(capture_opts->save_file != NULL) {
            capture_input_read_all(capture_opts, cf_is_tempfile(capture_opts->cf),
                cf_get_drops_known(capture_opts->cf), cf_get_drops(capture_opts->cf));
        }
    }

    if(capture_opts->show_info)
      capture_info_close();

    capture_opts->state = CAPTURE_STOPPED;

    /* if we couldn't open a capture file, there's nothing more for us to do */
    if(capture_opts->save_file == NULL) {
        cf_close(capture_opts->cf);
        return;
    }

    /* does the user wants to restart the current capture? */
    if(capture_opts->restart) {
        capture_opts->restart = FALSE;

        eth_unlink(capture_opts->save_file);

        /* if it was a tempfile, throw away the old filename (so it will become a tempfile again) */
        if(cf_is_tempfile(capture_opts->cf)) {
            g_free(capture_opts->save_file);
            capture_opts->save_file = NULL;
        }

        /* ... and start the capture again */
        capture_start(capture_opts);
    } else {
        /* We're not doing a capture any more, so we don't have a save file. */
        g_free(capture_opts->save_file);
        capture_opts->save_file = NULL;
    }
}

/**
 * Fetch the interface list from a child process (dumpcap).
 *
 * @return A GList containing if_info_t structs if successful, NULL otherwise.
 */

/* XXX - We parse simple text output to get our interface list.  Should
 * we use "real" data serialization instead, e.g. via XML? */
GList *
capture_interface_list(int *err, char **err_str)
{
    GList     *if_list = NULL;
    int        i, j;
    gchar     *msg;
    gchar    **raw_list, **if_parts, **addr_parts;
    gchar     *name;
    if_info_t *if_info;
    if_addr_t *if_addr;

    g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Interface List ...");

    /* Try to get our interface list */
    *err = sync_interface_list_open(&msg);
    if (*err != 0) {
        g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Interface List failed!");
        if (err_str) {
            if (*err_str)
                *err_str = msg;
            else
                g_free(msg);
        } else {
            g_free(msg);
        }
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Split our lines */
    raw_list = g_strsplit(msg, "\n", 0);
    g_free(msg);

    for (i = 0; raw_list[i] != NULL; i++) {
        if_parts = g_strsplit(raw_list[i], "\t", 4);
        if (if_parts[0] == NULL || if_parts[1] == NULL || if_parts[2] == NULL ||
                if_parts[3] == NULL) {
            g_strfreev(if_parts);
            continue;
        }

        /* Number followed by the name, e.g "1. eth0" */
        name = strchr(if_parts[0], ' ');
        if (name) {
            name++;
        } else {
            g_strfreev(if_parts);
            continue;
        }

        if_info = g_malloc0(sizeof(if_info_t));
        if_info->name = g_strdup(name);
        if (strlen(if_parts[1]) > 0)
            if_info->description = g_strdup(if_parts[1]);
        addr_parts = g_strsplit(if_parts[2], ",", 0);
        for (j = 0; addr_parts[j] != NULL; j++) {
            if_addr = g_malloc0(sizeof(if_addr_t));
            if (inet_pton(AF_INET, addr_parts[j], &if_addr->ip_addr.ip4_addr)) {
                if_addr->type = AT_IPv4;
            } else if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr_parts[j],
                    &if_addr->ip_addr.ip6_addr)) {
                if_addr->type = AT_IPv6;
            } else {
                g_free(if_addr);
                if_addr = NULL;
            }
            if (if_addr) {
                if_info->ip_addr = g_slist_append(if_info->ip_addr, if_addr);
            }
        }
        if (strcmp(if_parts[3], "loopback") == 0)
            if_info->loopback = TRUE;
        g_strfreev(if_parts);
        g_strfreev(addr_parts);
        if_list = g_list_append(if_list, if_info);
    }
    g_strfreev(raw_list);

    /* Check to see if we built a list */
    if (if_list == NULL) {
        if (*err_str)
            *err_str = g_strdup("No interfaces found");
        *err = NO_INTERFACES_FOUND;
    }
    return if_list;
}

/* XXX - We parse simple text output to get our interface list.  Should
 * we use "real" data serialization instead, e.g. via XML? */
GList *
capture_pcap_linktype_list(gchar *ifname, char **err_str)
{
    GList     *linktype_list = NULL;
    int        err, i;
    gchar     *msg;
    gchar    **raw_list, **lt_parts;
    data_link_info_t *data_link_info;

    g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Interface List ...");

    /* Try to get our interface list */
    err = sync_linktype_list_open(ifname, &msg);
    if (err != 0) {
        g_log(LOG_DOMAIN_CAPTURE, G_LOG_LEVEL_MESSAGE, "Capture Interface List failed!");
        if (err_str) {
            *err_str = msg;
        } else {
            g_free(msg);
        }
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Split our lines */
    raw_list = g_strsplit(msg, "\n", 0);
    g_free(msg);

    for (i = 0; raw_list[i] != NULL; i++) {
        /* ...and what if the interface name has a tab in it, Mr. Clever Programmer? */
        lt_parts = g_strsplit(raw_list[i], "\t", 3);
        if (lt_parts[0] == NULL || lt_parts[1] == NULL || lt_parts[2] == NULL) {
            g_strfreev(lt_parts);
            continue;
        }

        data_link_info = g_malloc(sizeof (data_link_info_t));
        data_link_info->dlt = (int) strtol(lt_parts[0], NULL, 10);
        data_link_info->name = g_strdup(lt_parts[1]);
        if (strcmp(lt_parts[2], "(not supported)") != NULL)
            data_link_info->description = g_strdup(lt_parts[2]);
        else
            data_link_info->description = NULL;

        linktype_list = g_list_append(linktype_list, data_link_info);
    }
    g_strfreev(raw_list);

    /* Check to see if we built a list */
    if (linktype_list == NULL) {
        if (err_str)
            *err_str = NULL;
    }
    return linktype_list;
}


#endif /* HAVE_LIBPCAP */