Git Hidden Folder

There is a hidden folder called .git which tells you that our project is a git repo.

If we wanted to create a git repo in a new project we' create the folder and the initalize that repo using git init

mkdir /workspaces/tmp/new-project
cd /workspaces/tmp/new-project
git init
touch Readme.md
code Readme.md
git status
git add Readme.md
# makes changes to readme.md
git commit -m "add readme file"

Cloning

We can clone three ways: HTTPS, SSH, Github CLI

Since we are using GitHub Codespaecs we'll a create temporary directory in our workspace

mkdir /workspace/tmp
cd /workspace/tmp

HTTPS

git clone https://github.com/andrew-wc-brown/Github-Examples.git
cd GitHub-Examples

You'll need to generate a Personal Access Token (PAT) https://github.com/settings/token

You will use the PAT as your password when you login

• Give it access to Contents for Commits

SSH

git clone git@github.com:andrew-wc-brown/Github-Examples.git
cd GitHub-Examples

We will need to create our own SSH rsa key pair

sshe-keygen -t rsa

For WSL users and if you crete a non default key you might need to add it

eval `ssh-agent`
ssh-add /home/andrew/.ssh/alt-github_id_rsa

We can test our connection here:

ssh -T git@github.com

Github CLI

Install the CLI

eg. Linux (Ubuntu)

type -p curl >/dev/null || (sudo apt update && sudo apt install curl -y)
curl -fsSL https://cli.github.com/packages/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg | sudo dd of=/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg \
&& sudo chmod go+r /usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg \
&& echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg] https://cli.github.com/packages stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/github-cli.list > /dev/null \
&& sudo apt update \
&& sudo apt install gh -y

gh auth login
gh repo clone andrew-wc-brown/Github-Examples

Commits

When we want to commit code we can write git commit which will open up the commit edit message in the editor of choice.

git commit

Set the global editor

git config --global core.editor emacs

Make a commit and commit message without opening an editor

git commit -m "add another exclamation"

Branches

List of branches

git branch

Create a new branch

git branch branch-name

Checkout the branch

git checkout dev

Remotes

We can add remote but often you will just add remote via upsteam when adding a branch

git remote add ...
git branch -u origin new-feature

Stashing

git stash list
git stash
git stash save my-name
git stash apply
git stash pop

Merging

git checkout dev
git merge main

Add

When we want to stage changes that will be included in the commit We can use the . to add all possible files.

git add Readme.md
git add .

Reset

Reset allows you to move Staged changes to be unstaged. This is useful when you to revert all files not to be not commited

git add .
git reset

git reset will revet a git add.

Status

Git status shows you what files will or will not be commited.

git status

Gitconfig file

The gitconfig file is what stores your global configurations for git such as email, name, editor and more.

Showing the contnets of our .gitconfig file

git config --list

When you first install Git on a machine you are suppose to set up your name and email

git config --global user.name "John Doe"
git config --global user.email johndoe@example.com

Log

git log will show recent git commits to the git tree

Push

When we want to push a repo to our remote origin

git push