📌 yip

Simply applies a configuration to the system described with yaml files.

stages:
   # "test" is the stage
   test:
     - systemd_firstboot:
         keymap: us
     - files:
        - path: /tmp/bar
          content: |
                    test
          permissions: 0777
          owner: 1000
          group: 100
       if: "[ ! -e /tmp/bar ]"
     - files:
        - path: /tmp/foo
          content: |
                    test
          permissions: 0777
          owner: 1000
          group: 100
       commands:
        - echo "test"
       modules:
       - nvidia
       environment:
         FOO: "bar"
       systctl:
         debug.exception-trace: "0"
       hostname: "foo"
       systemctl:
         enable:
         - foo
         disable:
         - bar
         start:
         - baz
         mask:
         - foobar
       authorized_keys:
          user:
          - "github:mudler"
          - "ssh-rsa ...."
       dns:
         path: /etc/resolv.conf
         nameservers:
         - 8.8.8.8
       ensure_entities:
       -  path: /etc/passwd
          entity: |
                  kind: "user"
                  username: "foo"
                  password: "pass"
                  uid: 0
                  gid: 0
                  info: "Foo!"
                  homedir: "/home/foo"
                  shell: "/bin/bash"
       delete_entities:
       -  path: /etc/passwd
          entity: |
                  kind: "user"
                  username: "foo"
                  password: "pass"
                  uid: 0
                  gid: 0
                  info: "Foo!"
                  homedir: "/home/foo"
                  shell: "/bin/bash"
      datasource:
        providers:
          - "digitalocean"
          - "aws"
          - "gcp"
        path: "/usr/local/etc"

• Simple
• Small scope, pluggable, extensible

Yip uses a simple, yet powerful distro-agnostic cloud-init style format for the definition.

$> yip -s test yip1.yaml yip2.yaml
$> yip -s test https://..

---

That's it! by default yip uses the default stage and the default executor, but you can customize its execution.

yip loads cloud-init style yamls and applies them in the system.

For example:

        $> yip -s initramfs https://<yip.yaml> /path/to/disk <definition.yaml> ...
        $> yip -s initramfs <yip.yaml> <yip2.yaml> ...
        $> cat def.yaml | yip -

Usage:
  yip [flags]

Flags:
  -e, --executor string   Executor which applies the config (default "default")
  -h, --help              help for yip
  -s, --stage string      Stage to apply (default "default")

How it works

Yip works in stages. You can define stages that you can decide to run and apply in various ways and in a different enviroment (that's why stages).

A stage is just a list of steps, for example the following:

stages:
   default:
     - files:
        - path: /tmp/bar
          content: |
                    #!/bin/sh
                    echo "test"
          permissions: 0777
          owner: 1000
          group: 100
       commands:
        - /tmp/bar

writes a /tmp/bar file during the default stage and will also run it afterwards.

Now we can execute it:

$> cat myfile.yaml | yip -s default -

As yip by default runs the default stage we could have just run:

$> cat myfile.yaml | yip -

A yaml file can define multiple stages, which can be run from the cli with -s. Each stage is defined under stages, and in each stage are defined a list of steps to execute.

Yip will execute the steps and report failures. It will exit non-zero if one of the steps failed executing. It will, however, keep running all the detected yipfiles and stages.

Compatibility with Cloud Init format

A subset of the official cloud-config spec is implemented by yip.

If a yaml file starts with #cloud-config it is parsed as a standard cloud-init, associated it to the yip boot stage. For example:

#cloud-config
users:
- name: "bar"
  passwd: "foo"
  groups: "users"
  ssh_authorized_keys:
  - faaapploo
ssh_authorized_keys:
  - asdd
runcmd:
- foo
hostname: "bar"
write_files:
- encoding: b64
  content: CiMgVGhpcyBmaWxlIGNvbnRyb2xzIHRoZSBzdGF0ZSBvZiBTRUxpbnV4
  path: /foo/bar
  permissions: "0644"
  owner: "bar"

To execute it with yip, run yip -s boot cloud-config.yaml.

Node-data interpolation

yip interpolates host data retrieved by sysinfo and are templated in the commands, file and entities fields.

This means that templating like the following is possible:

stages:
  foo:
  - name: "echo"
    commands:
    - echo "{{.Values.node.hostname}}"

name: "Test yip!"

Filtering stages by node hostname

yip can skip stages based on the node hostname:

stages:
  foo:
  - name: "echo"
    commands:
    - echo hello
    node: "hostname" # Node hostname

name: "Test yip!"

Filtering stages with if statement

yip can skip stages based on if statements:

stages:
  foo:
  - name: "echo"
    commands:
    - echo hello
    if: "cat /proc/cmdline | grep debug"

name: "Test yip!"

The expression inside the if will be evaluated in bash and, if specified, the stage gets executed only if the condition returns successfully (exit 0).

Configuration reference

Below is a reference of all keys available in the cloud-init style files.

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].name

A description of the stage step. Used only when printing output to console.

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].files

A list of files to write to disk.

stages:
   default:
     - files:
        - path: /tmp/bar
          encoding: "b64" # "base64", "gz", "gzip", "gz+base64", "gzip+base64", "gz+b64", "gzip+b64"
          content: |
                    #!/bin/sh
                    echo "test"
          permissions: 0777
          owner: 1000
          group: 100
          # or
          # owner_string: "user:group", or "user"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].downloads

A list of http urls to download and write to disk.

stages:
   default:
     - downloads:
        - path: /tmp/bar
          url: ""
          timeout: 0
          permissions: 0777
          owner: 1000
          group: 100
          # or
          # owner_string: "user:group", or "user"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].directories

A list of directories to be created on disk. Runs before files.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup folders"
       directories: 
       - path: "/etc/foo"
         permissions: 0600
         owner: 0
         group: 0

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].dns

A way to configure the /etc/resolv.conf file.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup dns"
       dns: 
         nameservers:
         - 8.8.8.8
         - 1.1.1.1
         search:
         - foo.bar
         options:
         - ..
         path: "/etc/resolv.conf.bak"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].hostname

A string representing the machine hostname. It sets it in the running system, updates /etc/hostname and adds the new hostname to /etc/hosts.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup hostname"
       hostname: "foo"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].sysctl

Kernel configuration. It sets /proc/sys/<key> accordingly, similarly to sysctl.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup exception trace"
       systctl:
         debug.exception-trace: "0"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].authorized_keys

A list of SSH authorized keys that should be added for each user. SSH keys can be obtained from GitHub user accounts by using the format github:${USERNAME}, similarly for Gitlab with gitlab:${USERNAME}.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup exception trace"
       authorized_keys:
         mudler:
         - github:mudler
         - ssh-rsa: ...

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].node

If defined, the node hostname where this stage has to run, otherwise it skips the execution. The node can be also a regexp in the Golang format.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup logging"
       node: "bastion"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].users

A map of users and user info to set. Passwords can be also encrypted.

The users parameter adds or modifies the specified list of users. Each user is an object which consists of the following fields. Each field is optional and of type string unless otherwise noted. In case the user is already existing, the password only will be overwritten.

• name: Required. Login name of user
• gecos: GECOS comment of user
• passwd: Hash of the password to use for this user. Unencrypted strings supported too.
• homedir: User's home directory. Defaults to /home/name
• no-create-home: Boolean. Skip home directory creation.
• primary-group: Default group for the user. Defaults to a new group created named after the user.
• groups: Add user to these additional groups
• no-user-group: Boolean. Skip default group creation.
• ssh-authorized-keys: List of public SSH keys to authorize for this user
• system: Create the user as a system user. No home directory will be created.
• no-log-init: Boolean. Skip initialization of lastlog and faillog databases.
• shell: User's login shell.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       users: 
          bastion: 
            passwd: "strongpassword"
            homedir: "/home/foo

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].ensure_entities

A user or a group in the entity format to be configured in the system

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       ensure_entities:
       -  path: /etc/passwd
          entity: |
                  kind: "user"
                  username: "foo"
                  password: "x"
                  uid: 0
                  gid: 0
                  info: "Foo!"
                  homedir: "/home/foo"
                  shell: "/bin/bash"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].delete_entities

A user or a group in the entity format to be pruned from the system

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       delete_entities:
       -  path: /etc/passwd
          entity: |
                  kind: "user"
                  username: "foo"
                  password: "x"
                  uid: 0
                  gid: 0
                  info: "Foo!"
                  homedir: "/home/foo"
                  shell: "/bin/bash"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].modules

A list of kernel modules to load.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       modules:
       - nvidia

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].systemctl

A list of systemd services to enable, disable, mask or start.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       systemctl:
         enable:
          - systemd-timesyncd
          - cronie
         mask:
          - purge-kernels
         disable:
          - crond
         start:
          - cronie

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].environment

A map of variables to write in /etc/environment, or otherwise specified in environment_file

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       environment:
         FOO: "bar"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].environment_file

A string to specify where to set the environment file

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup users"
       environment_file: "/home/user/.envrc"
       environment:
         FOO: "bar"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].timesyncd

Sets the systemd-timesyncd daemon file (/etc/system/timesyncd.conf) file accordingly. The documentation for timesyncd and all the options can be found here.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup NTP"
       systemctl:
         enable:
         - systemd-timesyncd
       timesyncd: 
          NTP: "0.pool.org foo.pool.org"
          FallbackNTP: ""
          ...

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].systemd_firstboot

Runs systemd-firstboot with the given map

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup Locale"
       systemd_firstboot:
         keymap: us

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].commands

A list of arbitrary commands to run after file writes and directory creation.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Setup something"
       commands:
         - echo 1 > /bar

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].datasource

Sets to fetch user data from the specified cloud providers. It iterates through the list of providers and the first one that succeeds to extract some user data is the one being used. It populates provider specific data into /run/config folder and the custom user data is stored into the provided path.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Fetch cloud provider's user data"
       datasource:
         providers:
           - "aws"
           - "digitalocean"
         path: "/etc/cloud-data"

stages.<stageID>.[<stepN>].layout

Sets additional partitions on disk free space, if any, and/or expands the last partition. All sizes are expressed in MiB only and default value of size: 0 means all available free space in disk. This plugin is useful to be used in oem images where the default partitions might not suit the actual disk geometry.

stages:
   default:
     - name: "Repart disk"
       layout:
         device:
           # It will partition a device including the given filesystem label
           # or partition label (filesystem label matches first) or the device
           # provided in 'path'. The label check has precedence over path when
           # both are provided.
           label: COS_RECOVERY
           path: /dev/sda
         # Only last partition can be expanded and it happens before any other
         # partition is added.
         expand_partition:
           size: 4096 #  size: 0 means all available free space
         add_partitions:
           - fsLabel: COS_STATE
             size: 8192
             # No partition label is applied if omitted
             pLabel: state
           - fsLabel: COS_PERSISTENT
             # default filesystem is ext2 if omitted
             filesystem: ext4