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<h1 id="kubernetes-deployment-on-ubuntu-2204-lts">Kubernetes Deployment on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS</h1>
<h2 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites</h2>
<h4 id="before-you-begin-you-should-have-the-following">Before you begin, you should have the following:</h4>
<ul>
<li>Three Ubuntu 22.04 LTS servers, each with a non-root user with sudo privileges.</li>
<li>A fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) for each server.</li>
<li>The servers should be able to communicate with each other over a private network.</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h4 id="update-and-upgrade-servers">Update and upgrade servers</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="set-up-fully-qualified-hostname-on-all-nodes">Set up fully-qualified hostname on all nodes</h4>
<h5 id="run-at-master1">Run at master1</h5>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo hostnamectl set-hostname master1.example.com
</div></code></pre>
<h5 id="run-at-worker1">Run at worker1</h5>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo hostnamectl set-hostname worker1.example.com
</div></code></pre>
<h5 id="run-at-worker2">Run at worker2</h5>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo hostnamectl set-hostname worker2.example.com
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="do-host-entry-in-etchosts-file-of-each-node">Do host entry in <code>/etc/hosts</code> file of each node</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>10.0.100.138 master1.example.com master1
10.0.100.216 worker1.example.com worker1
10.0.100.218 worker2.example.com worker2
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="disable-swap-and-add-some-kernel-parameters-on-each-node">Disable swap and add some kernel parameters on each node</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo swapoff -a
</div></code></pre>
<p>Comment out the swap in the fstab file.</p>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>mount -a
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf <<EOF
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo sysctl --system
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="install-containerd-runtime-on-each-node">Install containerd runtime on each node</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo apt install -y curl gnupg2 software-properties-common apt-transport-https ca-certificates
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmour -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/docker.gpg
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo apt update && sudo apt install containerd.io
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml >/dev/null 2>&1
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup \= false/SystemdCgroup \= true/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo systemctl restart containerd && sudo systemctl enable containerd
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="adding-repo-for-kubernetes">Adding repo for Kubernetes:</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo gpg --dearmour -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kubernetes-xenial.gpg
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo apt-add-repository "deb http://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main"
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="install-kubelet-kubeadm-and-kubectl">Install kubelet, kubeadm, and kubectl:</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="initialize-kubernetes-cluster-master-only">Initialize Kubernetes cluster (master only)</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint=master1.example.com --pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="add-kube-config-file-to-users-environment-to-get-access-the-kubectl-command">Add kube config file to user’s environment to get access the kubectl command</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="join-other-nodes-to-cluster-workers">Join other nodes to cluster (workers)</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>sudo kubeadm join master1.coe.com:6443 --token xxxxx \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:xxxxx
</div></code></pre>
<h4 id="note-you-shall-find-token-and-keys-from-the-kubeadm-init-output"><code>Note</code>: You shall find token and keys from the <code>kubeadm init</code> output.</h4>
<h4 id="install-calico-cni">Install Calico CNI</h4>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.25/manifests/calico.yaml
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.25.0/manifests/tigera-operator.yaml
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/projectcalico/calico/v3.25.0/manifests/custom-resources.yaml
</div></code></pre>
<pre class="hljs"><code><div>kubectl apply -f custom-resources.yaml
</div></code></pre>
</body>
</html>