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Sam Kleinman
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DOCS-93: fixing build errors in sharding docs.
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source/administration/sharding-architectures.txt

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@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ a production-level shard cluster should have the following:
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- 3 :program:`mongod` replicas or
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.. seealso:: ":doc:`/administration/replication-architectures`"
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and ":doc:`/administration/replication`."
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and ":doc:`/administration/replica-sets`."
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- 2 :program:`mongod` replicas and a single
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:program:`mongod` instance acting as a :term:`arbiter`.
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All replica set configurations and options are available.
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You may also choose to deploy a :ref:`hidden member
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<replica-set-hidden-member>` for backups or a
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:ref:`delayed member <replica-set-delayed-member>`.
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<replica-set-hidden-members>` for backups or a
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:ref:`delayed member <replica-set-delayed-members>`.
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You might also keep a member of each replica set in a
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geographically distinct data center in case the primary data

source/administration/sharding.txt

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@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ Setup
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-----
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If you have an existing replica set, you can use then
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":doc:`/tutorials/convert-replica-set-to-replicated-shard-cluster`"
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tutorial as a guide. If you're deploying a :term:`shard
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cluster` from scratch, use the following procedure as a starting point:
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":doc:`/tutorial/convert-replica-set-to-replicated-shard-cluster`"
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tutorial as a guide. If you're deploying a :term:`shard cluster` from
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scratch, use the following procedure as a starting point:
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#. Provision the required hardware.
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.. note::
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It may take some time for :term:`chunks` to migrate to
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It may take some time for :term:`chunks <chunk>` to migrate to
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the new shard.
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See the ":ref:`Balancing and Distribution <sharding-balancing>`"
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To remove a :term:`shard` from a :term:`shard cluster`, you must:
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- Begin moving :term:`chunks` off of the shard.
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- Begin moving :term:`chunks <chunk>` off of the shard.
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- Ensure that this shard is not the "primary" shard for any databases
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in the cluster. If it is, move the "primary" status for these databases to
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ Config Server Maintenance
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-------------------------
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Config servers store all shard cluster metadata, perhaps most notably,
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the mapping from :term:`chunks` to :term:`shards`.
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the mapping from :term:`chunks <chunk>` to :term:`shards <shard>`.
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This section provides an overview of the basic
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procedures to migrate, replace, and maintain these servers.
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a backup of the cluster metadata from the config database is very
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straightforward:
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#. Shut down one of the :term:`config databases`.
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#. Shut down one of the :term:`config databases <config database>`.
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#. Create a full copy of the data files (i.e. the path specified by
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the :setting:`dbpath` option for the config instance.
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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If MongoDB migrates a chunk while you are taking a :doc:`backup
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</administration/backup>`, you can end with an inconsistent snapshot
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</administration/backups>`, you can end with an inconsistent snapshot
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of your shard cluster. You should never run a backup unless you're
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certain that you have disabled the balancer. There are two ways to
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ensure this:

source/core/sharding-internals.txt

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@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ Shard Keys
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----------
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Shard keys are the field in a collection that MongoDB uses to
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distribute :term:`documents` within a sharded cluster. See the
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:ref:`overview of shard keys <sharding-shard-keys>` for an
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distribute :term:`documents <document>` within a sharded cluster. See the
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:ref:`overview of shard keys <sharding-shard-key>` for an
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introduction these topics.
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.. index:: shard key; cardinality
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In the context of MongoDB, cardinality, refers to the concept of
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counting or measuring the number of items in a set, represents the
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number of :term:`chunks` that MongoDB may partition the data into.
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number of :term:`chunks <chunk>` that MongoDB may partition the data into.
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For example, consider a collection of data such as an "address book"
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that stores address records:
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complexity of data :term:`partitioning <partition>` from the
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application. A :program:`mongos` receives queries from applications,
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and then, using the metadata from the :ref:`config server
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<sharding-config-database>`, routes queries to the :program:`mongod`
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<sharding-config-server>`, routes queries to the :program:`mongod`
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instances that hold the appropriate the data. While the :program:`mongos`
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succeeds in making all querying operational in sharded environments,
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the :term:`shard key` you select can have a profound affect on query
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This section contains complete documentation of the balancer process
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and operations. For a higher level introduction see
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the :ref:`Balancing <sharding-balancer>` section.
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the :ref:`Balancing <sharding-balancing>` section.
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Balancing Internals
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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A balancing round originates from an arbitrary :program:`mongos`
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instance. Because your shard cluster can have a number of
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:program:`mongos` instances, when a balancer process is active it
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acquires a "lock" by modifying a document on the :term:`config server`.
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acquires a "lock" by modifying a document on the :term:`config database`.
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By default, the balancer process is always running. When the number of
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chunks in a collection is unevenly distributed among the shards, the
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balancer begins migrating :term:`chunks` from shards with a
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balancer begins migrating :term:`chunks <chunk>` from shards with a
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disproportionate number of chunks to shards with a fewer number of
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chunks. The balancer will continue migrating chunks, one at a time,
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until the data is evenly distributed among the shards (i.e. the
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For many deployments it makes sense to avoid frequent and potentially
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spurious migrations at the expense of a slightly less evenly
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distributed data set, but this value is :ref:`configurable
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<sharding-modify-chunk-size>`. Be aware of the following limitations
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<sharding-balancing-modify-chunk-size>`. Be aware of the following limitations
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when modifying chunk size:
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- Automatic splitting only occurs when inserting :term:`documents

source/core/sharding.txt

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@@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ If you do plan to eventually partition your data, you should also
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give some thought to which collections you'll want to shard along with
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the corresponding shard keys.
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.. _sharding-capacity-planning:
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.. warning::
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It takes time and resources to deploy sharding, and if your system
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ the corresponding shard keys.
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overcapacity to enable sharding.
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.. index:: sharding; requirements
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.. _sharding-requirements-infrastructure:
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.. _sharding-requirements:
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Requirements
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------------
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"Shard keys" refer to the :term:`field` that exists in every
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:term:`document` in a collection that that MongoDB uses to distribute
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documents among the :term:`shards`. Shard keys, like :term:`indexes`,
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can be either a single field, or may be a compound key, consisting of
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multiple fields.
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documents among the :term:`shards <shard>`. Shard keys, like
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:term:`indexes <index>`, can be either a single field, or may be a
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compound key, consisting of multiple fields.
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Remember, MongoDB's sharding is range-based: each :term:`chunk` holds
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documents having specific range of values for the "shard key". Thus,
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If all three config servers are inaccessible, you can continue to use
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the cluster as long as you don't restart the :program:`mongos`
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instances until the after config servers are accessible again. If
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the :program:`mongos` instances were restarted and there are no accessible
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config servers, they would be unable to direct queries or write operations
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to the cluster.
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instances until the after config servers are accessible again. If you
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restart the :program:`mongos` instances and there are no accessible
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config servers, the :program:`mongos` would be unable to direct
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queries or write operations to the cluster.
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Because the configuration data is small relative to the amount of data
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stored in a cluster, the amount activity is relatively low, and 100%
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The :program:`mongos` provides a single unified interface to a sharded
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cluster for applications using MongoDB. Except for the selection of a
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:term:`shard key`, application developers and administrators need not
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consider any of the :ref:`internal details of sharding
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<sharding-internals>.
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consider any of the :doc:`internal details of sharding <sharding-internals>`.
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:program:`mongos` caches data from the :ref:`config server
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<sharding-config-server>`, and uses this to route operations from

source/reference/glossary.txt

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A distributed system architecture that splits data into ranges.
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:term:`Sharding` is a kind of partitioning.
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split
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The division between :term:`chunks <chunk>` in a :term:`shard
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cluster`.
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mongod
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The program implemeting the MongoDB database server. This server
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typically runs as a :term:`daemon`.

source/sharding.txt

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@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ managing sharded clusters:
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:maxdepth: 1
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tutorial/deploy-shard-cluster
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tutorial/convert-standalone-node-to-shard-cluster
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tutorial/add-shards-to-shard-cluster
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tutorial/remove-shards-from-cluster
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source/tutorial.txt

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tutorial/expand-replica-set
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tutorial/recover-data-following-unexpected-shutdown
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tutorial/deploy-shard-cluster
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tutorial/convert-standalone-node-to-shard-cluster
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tutorial/convert-replica-set-to-replicated-shard-cluster
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tutorial/add-shards-to-shard-cluster
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tutorial/remove-shards-from-cluster

source/tutorial/add-shards-to-shard-cluster.txt

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capacity to support the migration without impacting legitimate
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production traffic.
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In production environments, all shards should be :term:`replica
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sets`. Furthermore, *all* interaction with your sharded cluster should
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pass through a :program:`mongos` instance, and this tutorial assumes
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that you already have a :program:`mongo` shell connection to a
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:program:`mongos` instance.
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In production environments, all shards should be :term:`replica sets
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<replica set>`. Furthermore, *all* interaction with your sharded
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cluster should pass through a :program:`mongos` instance, and this
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tutorial assumes that you already have a :program:`mongo` shell
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connection to a :program:`mongos` instance.
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Process
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-------
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.. note::
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It may take some time for :term:`chunks` to migrate to the new
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It may take some time for :term:`chunks <chunk>` to migrate to the new
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shard, because the system must copy data from one :program:`mongod`
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instance to another while maintaining data consistency.
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source/tutorial/deploy-shard-cluster.txt

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------------
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See the ":ref:`Requirements for Shard Clusters
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<sharding-requirements`" section for more information about potential
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<sharding-requirements>`" section for more information about potential
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requirements for sharded cluster.
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Procedure
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Finally, you may enable sharding on a per-collection basis. Because
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MongoDB uses :term:`range based sharding` you must specify a
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:term:`shard key` that MongoDB can use to distribute your documents
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among the shards. See the section of this manual that provides an
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:ref:`overview of shard keys <sharding-shard-key>` as well as the
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section that explores the :ref:`features of good shard keys in-depth
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MongoDB uses "range based sharding," you must specify a :term:`shard
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key` that MongoDB can use to distribute your documents among the
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shards. See the section of this manual that provides an :ref:`overview
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of shard keys <sharding-shard-key>` as well as the section that
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explores the :ref:`features of good shard keys in-depth
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<sharding-shard-key>`.
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Enable sharding for a collection using the

source/tutorial/remove-shards-from-cluster.txt

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Remove Shards from an Existing Shard Cluster
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============================================
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.. default-domain:: mongodb
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Synopsis
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--------
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The following list outlines the process for removing shards, from a
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- Begin moving :term:`chunks` off of the shard.
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- Begin moving :term:`chunks <chunk>` off of the shard.
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- Ensure that this shard is not the "primary" shard for any databases
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in the cluster. If it is, move the "primary" status for these

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