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1.3 Remote access

{% hint style="danger" %} Status: Not tested on RaMiX {% endhint %}

We connect to your personal computer by using the Secure Shell.

Find your node

Your Raspberry Pi is starting and gets a new address from your home network. Give it a few minutes to come to life.

  • On your regular computer, open the Terminal (also known as "command line")
    • On Linux/macOS with a graphical interface, search on the application list, "Terminal" or press the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Alt + T
    • On Windows, search on the application list cmd
  • Try to ping using the IP assigned to your RaMiX in the before step
ping 192.168.x.xxx

Example of expected output:

PING 192.168.1.147 (192.168.1.147) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.147: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.44 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.147: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.75 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.147: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.61 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.147: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.58 ms
  • If the ping command fails or does not return anything, you need to manually look for your Raspberry Pi
  • You should now be able to reach your Raspberry Pi with the IP address like 192.168.x.xxx

Access with Secure Shell

Now it’s time to connect to the RaMiX via Secure Shell (SSH) and get to work. For that, we need an SSH client.

Install and start the SSH client for your operating system:

  • Windows, 2 options:
    • Download Putty 64-bit x86 or 32-bit x86 version depending on your OS architecture. Source
      • Start Putty, to the left tree, select "session", in the "Hostname (or IP address)" box, type admin@192.168.x.xx, port 22 to the left box.
      • Press the button OPEN, when a "PuTTy security alert" banner appears, press the "Accept" button, and finally type your password [A].
    • Download the MobaXterm Portable Edition or Installer Edition version depending on whether you want to install it permanently or not.
      • Start MobaXterm, 2 options:
        • If you want to save the session for later: on the top menu, click on "Session" -> "New session" -> Select "SSH".
          • Enter RaMiX IP address (192.168.x.xx), check "specify username" and enter to the right "admin", keep port "22" selected to the right.
          • Press the button OK, when a "Connexion to..." banner appears, press the "Accept" button, and finally type your password [A].
        • Otherwise, select on the dashboard the "Start local terminal" button and type directly on the terminal ssh admin@192.168.x.xxx.
  • MacOS and Linux:
    • From the native terminal, type: ssh admin@192.168.x.xxx
    • Use Putty, simply from the native terminal type sudo apt install putty and start it by typing putty, follow the same Putty instructions as before for Windows.

{% hint style="info" %} Note, connection details:

hostname: your RaMiX IP address like: 192.168.x.xxx
port: 22
username: admin
password: password [A]

{% endhint %}

The command line

We will work on the command line of the PC, which may be new to you. Find some basic information below. It will help you navigate and interact with your PC.

You enter commands and the PC answers by printing the results below your command.

Additional comments begin with # and must not be entered.

In the following example, just enter ls -la and press the enter/return key:

ls -la
# This is a comment, don't enter this on the command line

  • Auto-complete commands: you can use the Tab key for auto-completion when you enter commands, i.e., for commands, directories, or filenames.

  • Command history: by pressing ⬆️ (arrow up) and ⬇️ (arrow down) on your keyboard, you can recall previously entered commands.

  • Use admin privileges: our regular user has no direct admin privileges. If a command needs to edit the system configuration, we must use the sudo ("superuser do") command as a prefix. Instead of editing a system file with nano /etc/fstab, we use sudo nano /etc/fstab.

    For security reasons, service users like "bitcoin" cannot use the sudo command.

  • Using the Nano text editor: we use the Nano editor to create new text files or edit existing ones. It's not complicated, but saving and exiting are not intuitive.

    • Save: hit Ctrl-O (for Output), confirm the filename, and hit the Enter key
    • Exit: hit Ctrl-X

  • Copy / Paste: if you are using Windows and the PuTTY SSH client, you can copy text from the shell by selecting it with your mouse (no need to click anything), and paste stuff at the cursor position with a right-click anywhere in the ssh window.

    In other Terminal programs, copy/paste usually works with Ctrl-Shift-C and Ctrl-Shift-V.

Port reference

Port Protocol Use
22 TCP Default SSH server port