feat: Solution for Problem Number 824 - Goat Latin

Author: milanpanchal

Swift/Problems/824_GoatLatin.playground/Contents.swift

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+/*:
+# 824. Goat Latin [Easy]
+  https://leetcode.com/problems/goat-latin/
+
+ ---
+
+### Problem Statement:
+
+ A sentence `S` is given, composed of words separated by spaces. Each word consists of lowercase and uppercase letters only.
+
+ We would like to convert the sentence to "Goat Latin" (a made-up language similar to Pig Latin.)
+
+ The rules of Goat Latin are as follows:
+
+ + If a word begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, or u), append `"ma"` to the end of the word. For example, the word 'apple' becomes 'applema'.
+  
+ + If a word begins with a consonant (i.e. not a vowel), remove the first letter and append it to the end, then add `"ma"`. For example, the word` "goat"` becomes `"oatgma"`.
+  
+ + Add one letter `'a'` to the end of each word per its word index in the sentence, starting with 1. For example, the first word gets `"a"` added to the end, the second word gets `"aa"` added to the end and so on.
+ 
+ Return the final sentence representing the conversion from `S` to Goat Latin.
+
+
+### Example:
+
+ ```
+ Input: "I speak Goat Latin"
+ Output: "Imaa peaksmaaa oatGmaaaa atinLmaaaaa"
+
+ Input: "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog"
+ Output: "heTmaa uickqmaaa rownbmaaaa oxfmaaaaa umpedjmaaaaaa overmaaaaaaa hetmaaaaaaaa azylmaaaaaaaaa ogdmaaaaaaaaaa"
+  
+ ```
+ 
+ ### Constraints:
+ + S contains only uppercase, lowercase and spaces. Exactly one space between each word.
+ + 1 <= S.length <= 150.
+ 
+ */
+
+import UIKit
+
+extension Character {
+    var isVowel: Bool {
+        switch self {
+        case "a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "A", "E", "I", "O", "U":
+            return true
+        default:
+            return false
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 99 / 99 test cases passed.
+// Status: Accepted
+// Runtime: 16 ms
+// Memory Usage: 21.7 MB
+
+class Solution {
+    
+    func toGoatLatin(_ S: String) -> String {
+        
+        let words = S.components(separatedBy: " ")
+        var resultString = ""
+        var extraWord = ""
+        
+        for word in words {
+            
+            extraWord += "a"
+            
+            var convertedWord = word
+            if !(word.first!.isVowel) {
+                let first = convertedWord.removeFirst()
+                convertedWord += String(first)
+            }
+            
+            resultString += "\(convertedWord)ma\(extraWord) "
+        }
+        
+        resultString.removeLast()
+        return resultString
+    }
+}
+
+let sol = Solution()
+sol.toGoatLatin("I speak Goat Latin") // Imaa peaksmaaa oatGmaaaa atinLmaaaaa
+
+
+// Output:
+// heTmaa uickqmaaa rownbmaaaa oxfmaaaaa umpedjmaaaaaa overmaaaaaaa hetmaaaaaaaa azylmaaaaaaaaa ogdmaaaaaaaaaa
+sol.toGoatLatin("The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog")

Swift/Problems/824_GoatLatin.playground/contents.xcplayground

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<playground version='5.0' target-platform='ios'>
+    <timeline fileName='timeline.xctimeline'/>
+</playground>