refactor: make CallToolRequest.Arguments more flexible (Breaking Change) (#287)

* refactor: make CallToolRequest.Arguments more flexible

This change allows for more flexible argument types in CallToolRequest.
Arguments field is now of type 'any' instead of 'map[string]any'.
Added GetArguments() and GetRawArguments() methods for backward compatibility.

Fixes #104

* refactor: move tests to tools_test.go

* feat: add BindArguments and helper functions for CallToolRequest

* test: add tests for BindArguments and helper functions

* docs: update README with helper function examples

* update tests

* feat: add more slice helper functions

* Update mcp/tools.go

Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update mcp/tools.go

Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix tests

* implement `NewTypedToolHandlerFunc`

* fix

---------

Co-authored-by: coderabbitai[bot] <136622811+coderabbitai[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: ezynda3

README.md

@@ -149,9 +149,21 @@ func main() {
 
     // Add the calculator handler
     s.AddTool(calculatorTool, func(ctx context.Context, request mcp.CallToolRequest) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-        op := request.Params.Arguments["operation"].(string)
-        x := request.Params.Arguments["x"].(float64)
-        y := request.Params.Arguments["y"].(float64)
+        // Using helper functions for type-safe argument access
+        op, err := request.RequireString("operation")
+        if err != nil {
+            return mcp.NewToolResultError(err.Error()), nil
+        }
+        
+        x, err := request.RequireFloat("x")
+        if err != nil {
+            return mcp.NewToolResultError(err.Error()), nil
+        }
+        
+        y, err := request.RequireFloat("y")
+        if err != nil {
+            return mcp.NewToolResultError(err.Error()), nil
+        }
 
         var result float64
         switch op {
@@ -312,9 +324,10 @@ calculatorTool := mcp.NewTool("calculate",
 )
 
 s.AddTool(calculatorTool, func(ctx context.Context, request mcp.CallToolRequest) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-    op := request.Params.Arguments["operation"].(string)
-    x := request.Params.Arguments["x"].(float64)
-    y := request.Params.Arguments["y"].(float64)
+    args := request.GetArguments()
+    op := args["operation"].(string)
+    x := args["x"].(float64)
+    y := args["y"].(float64)
 
     var result float64
     switch op {
@@ -355,10 +368,11 @@ httpTool := mcp.NewTool("http_request",
 )
 
 s.AddTool(httpTool, func(ctx context.Context, request mcp.CallToolRequest) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-    method := request.Params.Arguments["method"].(string)
-    url := request.Params.Arguments["url"].(string)
+    args := request.GetArguments()
+    method := args["method"].(string)
+    url := args["url"].(string)
     body := ""
-    if b, ok := request.Params.Arguments["body"].(string); ok {
+    if b, ok := args["body"].(string); ok {
         body = b
     }
 

client/inprocess_test.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func TestInProcessMCPClient(t *testing.T) {
 			Content: []mcp.Content{
 				mcp.TextContent{
 					Type: "text",
-					Text: "Input parameter: " + request.Params.Arguments["parameter-1"].(string),
+					Text: "Input parameter: " + request.GetArguments()["parameter-1"].(string),
 				},
 				mcp.AudioContent{
 					Type:     "audio",

client/sse_test.go

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func TestSSEMCPClient(t *testing.T) {
 			Content: []mcp.Content{
 				mcp.TextContent{
 					Type: "text",
-					Text: "Input parameter: " + request.Params.Arguments["parameter-1"].(string),
+					Text: "Input parameter: " + request.GetArguments()["parameter-1"].(string),
 				},
 			},
 		}, nil

examples/custom_context/main.go

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func handleMakeAuthenticatedRequestTool(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	request mcp.CallToolRequest,
 ) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-	message, ok := request.Params.Arguments["message"].(string)
+	message, ok := request.GetArguments()["message"].(string)
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing message")
 	}

examples/dynamic_path/main.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func main() {
 
 	// Add a trivial tool for demonstration
 	mcpServer.AddTool(mcp.NewTool("echo"), func(ctx context.Context, req mcp.CallToolRequest) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-		return mcp.NewToolResultText(fmt.Sprintf("Echo: %v", req.Params.Arguments["message"])), nil
+		return mcp.NewToolResultText(fmt.Sprintf("Echo: %v", req.GetArguments()["message"])), nil
 	})
 
 	// Use a dynamic base path based on a path parameter (Go 1.22+)

examples/everything/main.go

@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ func handleEchoTool(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	request mcp.CallToolRequest,
 ) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-	arguments := request.Params.Arguments
+	arguments := request.GetArguments()
 	message, ok := arguments["message"].(string)
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid message argument")
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ func handleAddTool(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	request mcp.CallToolRequest,
 ) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-	arguments := request.Params.Arguments
+	arguments := request.GetArguments()
 	a, ok1 := arguments["a"].(float64)
 	b, ok2 := arguments["b"].(float64)
 	if !ok1 || !ok2 {
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ func handleLongRunningOperationTool(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	request mcp.CallToolRequest,
 ) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
-	arguments := request.Params.Arguments
+	arguments := request.GetArguments()
 	progressToken := request.Params.Meta.ProgressToken
 	duration, _ := arguments["duration"].(float64)
 	steps, _ := arguments["steps"].(float64)

examples/typed_tools/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/mark3labs/mcp-go/mcp"
+	"github.com/mark3labs/mcp-go/server"
+)
+
+// Define a struct for our typed arguments
+type GreetingArgs struct {
+	Name      string   `json:"name"`
+	Age       int      `json:"age"`
+	IsVIP     bool     `json:"is_vip"`
+	Languages []string `json:"languages"`
+	Metadata  struct {
+		Location string `json:"location"`
+		Timezone string `json:"timezone"`
+	} `json:"metadata"`
+}
+
+func main() {
+	// Create a new MCP server
+	s := server.NewMCPServer(
+		"Typed Tools Demo 🚀",
+		"1.0.0",
+		server.WithToolCapabilities(false),
+	)
+
+	// Add tool with complex schema
+	tool := mcp.NewTool("greeting",
+		mcp.WithDescription("Generate a personalized greeting"),
+		mcp.WithString("name",
+			mcp.Required(),
+			mcp.Description("Name of the person to greet"),
+		),
+		mcp.WithNumber("age",
+			mcp.Description("Age of the person"),
+			mcp.Min(0),
+			mcp.Max(150),
+		),
+		mcp.WithBoolean("is_vip",
+			mcp.Description("Whether the person is a VIP"),
+			mcp.DefaultBool(false),
+		),
+		mcp.WithArray("languages",
+			mcp.Description("Languages the person speaks"),
+			mcp.Items(map[string]any{"type": "string"}),
+		),
+		mcp.WithObject("metadata",
+			mcp.Description("Additional information about the person"),
+			mcp.Properties(map[string]any{
+				"location": map[string]any{
+					"type":        "string",
+					"description": "Current location",
+				},
+				"timezone": map[string]any{
+					"type":        "string",
+					"description": "Timezone",
+				},
+			}),
+		),
+	)
+
+	// Add tool handler using the typed handler
+	s.AddTool(tool, mcp.NewTypedToolHandler(typedGreetingHandler))
+
+	// Start the stdio server
+	if err := server.ServeStdio(s); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Server error: %v\n", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// Our typed handler function that receives strongly-typed arguments
+func typedGreetingHandler(ctx context.Context, request mcp.CallToolRequest, args GreetingArgs) (*mcp.CallToolResult, error) {
+	if args.Name == "" {
+		return mcp.NewToolResultError("name is required"), nil
+	}
+
+	// Build a personalized greeting based on the complex arguments
+	greeting := fmt.Sprintf("Hello, %s!", args.Name)
+	
+	if args.Age > 0 {
+		greeting += fmt.Sprintf(" You are %d years old.", args.Age)
+	}
+	
+	if args.IsVIP {
+		greeting += " Welcome back, valued VIP customer!"
+	}
+	
+	if len(args.Languages) > 0 {
+		greeting += fmt.Sprintf(" You speak %d languages: %v.", len(args.Languages), args.Languages)
+	}
+	
+	if args.Metadata.Location != "" {
+		greeting += fmt.Sprintf(" I see you're from %s.", args.Metadata.Location)
+		
+		if args.Metadata.Timezone != "" {
+			greeting += fmt.Sprintf(" Your timezone is %s.", args.Metadata.Timezone)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return mcp.NewToolResultText(greeting), nil
+}