diff --git a/BUILD.gn b/BUILD.gn
index dab6592f484995..b80b4a5be10c2a 100644
--- a/BUILD.gn
+++ b/BUILD.gn
@@ -100,7 +100,6 @@ group("gn_all") {
   if (!is_ios && !is_android && !is_chromecast && !is_fuchsia) {
     deps += [
       "//chrome",
-      "//chrome/browser/ui/color:dump_colors",
       "//chrome/test:browser_tests",
       "//chrome/test:interactive_ui_tests",
       "//chrome/test:sync_integration_tests",
@@ -812,6 +811,10 @@ group("gn_all") {
     ]
   }
 
+  if (use_color_pipeline) {
+    deps += [ "//chrome/browser/ui/color:dump_colors" ]
+  }
+
   # PFFFT.
   deps += [
     "//third_party/pffft:fuzzers",
diff --git a/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn b/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn
index f079f5eb0e09a2..4f5402808b2ef6 100644
--- a/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn
+++ b/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn
@@ -2217,6 +2217,7 @@ jumbo_static_library("browser") {
     "//ui/base:ui_data_pack",
     "//ui/base/idle",
     "//ui/base/ime",
+    "//ui/color:color_buildflags",
     "//ui/events:events_base",
     "//ui/gfx",
     "//ui/gfx/geometry",
diff --git a/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.cc b/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.cc
index b50bb72118cff7..03889e2f51c7a8 100644
--- a/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.cc
+++ b/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.cc
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include "base/values.h"
 #include "build/build_config.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/themes/theme_properties.h"
-#include "chrome/browser/ui/color/chrome_color_id.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/ui/frame/window_frame_util.h"
 #include "chrome/common/extensions/manifest_handlers/theme_handler.h"
 #include "chrome/common/themes/autogenerated_theme_util.h"
@@ -32,10 +31,7 @@
 #include "components/crx_file/id_util.h"
 #include "content/public/browser/browser_thread.h"
 #include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkCanvas.h"
-#include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkColor.h"
 #include "ui/base/resource/data_pack.h"
-#include "ui/color/color_mixer.h"
-#include "ui/color/color_provider.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/canvas.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/codec/png_codec.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/color_analysis.h"
@@ -49,6 +45,13 @@
 #include "ui/gfx/image/image_skia_operations.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/skia_util.h"
 
+#if BUILDFLAG(USE_COLOR_PIPELINE)
+#include "chrome/browser/ui/color/chrome_color_id.h"
+#include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkColor.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_mixer.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_provider.h"
+#endif
+
 using content::BrowserThread;
 using extensions::Extension;
 using TP = ThemeProperties;
@@ -1015,6 +1018,7 @@ bool BrowserThemePack::HasCustomImage(int idr_id) const {
   return false;
 }
 
+#if BUILDFLAG(USE_COLOR_PIPELINE)
 void BrowserThemePack::AddCustomThemeColorMixers(
     ui::ColorProvider* provider) const {
   // A map from theme property IDs to color IDs for use in color mixers.
@@ -1037,6 +1041,7 @@ void BrowserThemePack::AddCustomThemeColorMixers(
     return;
   provider->AddMixer().AddSet({kColorSetCustomTheme, std::move(theme_colors)});
 }
+#endif
 
 // private:
 
diff --git a/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.h b/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.h
index 86fc5a0dc088c7..752fba0062b02e 100644
--- a/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.h
+++ b/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "extensions/common/extension.h"
 #include "third_party/skia/include/core/SkColor.h"
 #include "ui/base/layout.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_buildflags.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/color_utils.h"
 
 namespace base {
@@ -31,8 +32,11 @@ class Image;
 }
 
 namespace ui {
-class ColorProvider;
 class DataPack;
+
+#if BUILDFLAG(USE_COLOR_PIPELINE)
+class ColorProvider;
+#endif
 }
 
 // An optimized representation of a theme, backed by a mmapped DataPack.
@@ -95,9 +99,11 @@ class BrowserThemePack : public CustomThemeSupplier {
       const override;
   bool HasCustomImage(int id) const override;
 
+#if BUILDFLAG(USE_COLOR_PIPELINE)
   // Builds the color mixers that represent the state of the current browser
   // theme instance.
   void AddCustomThemeColorMixers(ui::ColorProvider* provider) const;
+#endif
 
  private:
   friend class BrowserThemePackTest;
diff --git a/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack_unittest.cc b/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack_unittest.cc
index 9638fd80990552..c36e66b712d78b 100644
--- a/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack_unittest.cc
+++ b/chrome/browser/themes/browser_theme_pack_unittest.cc
@@ -13,21 +13,25 @@
 #include "base/values.h"
 #include "build/build_config.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/themes/theme_properties.h"
-#include "chrome/browser/ui/color/chrome_color_id.h"
 #include "chrome/browser/ui/frame/window_frame_util.h"
 #include "chrome/common/chrome_paths.h"
 #include "chrome/common/themes/autogenerated_theme_util.h"
 #include "chrome/grit/theme_resources.h"
 #include "content/public/test/browser_task_environment.h"
 #include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h"
-#include "ui/color/color_mixer.h"
-#include "ui/color/color_provider.h"
-#include "ui/color/color_test_ids.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_buildflags.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/color_utils.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/image/image.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/image/image_skia.h"
 #include "ui/gfx/image/image_skia_rep.h"
 
+#if BUILDFLAG(USE_COLOR_PIPELINE)
+#include "chrome/browser/ui/color/chrome_color_id.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_mixer.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_provider.h"
+#include "ui/color/color_test_ids.h"
+#endif
+
 using extensions::Extension;
 using TP = ThemeProperties;
 
@@ -737,6 +741,7 @@ TEST_F(BrowserThemePackTest, TestNonExistantImages) {
   EXPECT_FALSE(LoadRawBitmapsTo(out_file_paths));
 }
 
+#if BUILDFLAG(USE_COLOR_PIPELINE)
 TEST_F(BrowserThemePackTest, TestCreateColorMixersOmniboxNoValues) {
   // Tests to make sure that existing colors within the color provider are not
   // overwritten or lost in the absence of any user provided theme values.
@@ -786,6 +791,7 @@ TEST_F(BrowserThemePackTest, TestCreateColorMixersOmniboxAllValues) {
   EXPECT_EQ(SkColorSetRGB(120, 140, 160),
             provider.GetColor(kColorOmniboxBackground));
 }
+#endif
 
 // TODO(erg): This test should actually test more of the built resources from
 // the extension data, but for now, exists so valgrind can test some of the
diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/BUILD.gn b/chrome/browser/ui/BUILD.gn
index 3e55f83ce61952..2ce4bfa757edd2 100644
--- a/chrome/browser/ui/BUILD.gn
+++ b/chrome/browser/ui/BUILD.gn
@@ -1386,7 +1386,6 @@ jumbo_static_library("ui") {
       "//chrome/browser/resource_coordinator:tab_metrics_event_proto",
       "//chrome/browser/resource_coordinator/tab_ranker",
       "//chrome/browser/safe_browsing:advanced_protection",
-      "//chrome/browser/ui/color:color",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/webui/app_management:mojo_bindings",
       "//chrome/common:buildflags",
       "//chrome/common:search_mojom",
@@ -1435,6 +1434,13 @@ jumbo_static_library("ui") {
         "//google_apis/drive",
       ]
     }
+
+    if (use_color_pipeline) {
+      deps += [
+        "//chrome/browser/ui/color:color",
+        "//chrome/browser/ui/color:mixers",
+      ]
+    }
   }
 
   if (enable_supervised_users) {
@@ -3291,7 +3297,6 @@ jumbo_static_library("ui") {
       "webauthn/transport_utils.h",
     ]
     deps += [
-      "//chrome/browser/ui/color:mixers",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views",
       "//components/constrained_window",
       "//components/media_message_center",
diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/color/BUILD.gn b/chrome/browser/ui/color/BUILD.gn
index 0a9c725ce2bd80..af9c61b8128741 100644
--- a/chrome/browser/ui/color/BUILD.gn
+++ b/chrome/browser/ui/color/BUILD.gn
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 # found in the LICENSE file.
 
+import("//ui/base/ui_features.gni")
+
+assert(use_color_pipeline)
+
 source_set("color") {
   sources = [
     "chrome_color_id.h",
diff --git a/ui/base/ui_features.gni b/ui/base/ui_features.gni
index 213fdef1e67aca..d4a71dc3f513c4 100644
--- a/ui/base/ui_features.gni
+++ b/ui/base/ui_features.gni
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ declare_args() {
 
   # Whether the message center should be included for displaying notifications.
   enable_message_center = is_win || is_mac || is_linux
+
+  # Whether to compute UI colors with the color pipeline framework,
+  # instead of NativeTheme/ThemeService.
+  use_color_pipeline = false
 }
 
 enable_hidpi = is_mac || is_win || is_linux || is_ios
diff --git a/ui/color/BUILD.gn b/ui/color/BUILD.gn
index 71b481e7ec2a18..347b28476fea56 100644
--- a/ui/color/BUILD.gn
+++ b/ui/color/BUILD.gn
@@ -2,8 +2,16 @@
 # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 # found in the LICENSE file.
 
+import("//build/buildflag_header.gni")
 import("//build/config/jumbo.gni")
 import("//testing/test.gni")
+import("//ui/base/ui_features.gni")
+
+buildflag_header("color_buildflags") {
+  header = "color_buildflags.h"
+
+  flags = [ "USE_COLOR_PIPELINE=$use_color_pipeline" ]
+}
 
 jumbo_component("color") {
   sources = [
@@ -23,6 +31,7 @@ jumbo_component("color") {
   defines = [ "IS_COLOR_IMPL" ]
 
   public_deps = [
+    ":color_buildflags",
     "//base",
     "//skia",
     "//ui/gfx:color_utils",