Rename classes, add an explanation

atrosinenko · atrosinenko · commit d9531c6b1539 · 2025-04-30T16:54:01.000+03:00
diff --git a/bolt/include/bolt/Passes/PAuthGadgetScanner.h b/bolt/include/bolt/Passes/PAuthGadgetScanner.h
@@ -198,23 +198,48 @@ raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, const MCInstReference &);
 
 namespace PAuthGadgetScanner {
 
+// The report classes are designed to be used in an immutable manner.
+// When an issue report is constructed in multiple steps, an attempt is made
+// to distinguish intermediate and final results at the type level.
+//
+// Here is an overview of issue life-cycle:
+// * an analysis (SrcSafetyAnalysis at now, DstSafetyAnalysis will be added
+//   later to support the detection of authentication oracles) computes register
+//   state for each instruction in the function.
+// * each instruction is checked to be a gadget of some kind, taking the
+//   computed state into account. If a gadget is found, its kind and location
+//   are stored into a subclass of Diagnostic wrapped into BriefReport<ReqT>.
+// * if any issue is to be reported for the function, the same analysis is
+//   re-run to collect extra information to provide to the user. Which extra
+//   information can be requested depends on the particular analysis (for
+//   example, SrcSafetyAnalysis is able to compute the set of instructions
+//   clobbering the particular register, thus ReqT is MCPhysReg). At this stage,
+//   `FinalReport`s are created.
+//
+// Here, the subclasses of Diagnostic store the pieces of information which
+// are kept unchanged since they are collected on the first run of the analysis.
+// BriefReport<T>::RequestedDetails, on the other hand, is replaced with
+// FinalReport::Details computed by the second run of the analysis.
+
 /// Description of a gadget kind that can be detected. Intended to be
-/// statically allocated to be attached to reports by reference.
+/// statically allocated and attached to reports by reference.
 class GadgetKind {
   const char *Description;
 
 public:
+  /// Wraps a description string which must be a string literal.
   GadgetKind(const char *Description) : Description(Description) {}
 
   StringRef getDescription() const { return Description; }
 };
 
-/// Base report located at some instruction, without any additional information.
-struct Report {
+/// Basic diagnostic information, which is kept unchanged since it is collected
+/// on the first run of the analysis.
+struct Diagnostic {
   MCInstReference Location;
 
-  Report(MCInstReference Location) : Location(Location) {}
-  virtual ~Report() {}
+  Diagnostic(MCInstReference Location) : Location(Location) {}
+  virtual ~Diagnostic() {}
 
   virtual void generateReport(raw_ostream &OS,
                               const BinaryContext &BC) const = 0;
@@ -223,27 +248,27 @@ struct Report {
                       StringRef IssueKind) const;
 };
 
-struct GadgetReport : public Report {
+struct GadgetDiagnostic : public Diagnostic {
   // The particular kind of gadget that is detected.
   const GadgetKind &Kind;
 
-  GadgetReport(const GadgetKind &Kind, MCInstReference Location)
-      : Report(Location), Kind(Kind) {}
+  GadgetDiagnostic(const GadgetKind &Kind, MCInstReference Location)
+      : Diagnostic(Location), Kind(Kind) {}
 
   void generateReport(raw_ostream &OS, const BinaryContext &BC) const override;
 };
 
 /// Report with a free-form message attached.
-struct GenericReport : public Report {
+struct GenericDiagnostic : public Diagnostic {
   std::string Text;
-  GenericReport(MCInstReference Location, StringRef Text)
-      : Report(Location), Text(Text) {}
+  GenericDiagnostic(MCInstReference Location, StringRef Text)
+      : Diagnostic(Location), Text(Text) {}
   virtual void generateReport(raw_ostream &OS,
                               const BinaryContext &BC) const override;
 };
 
 /// An information about an issue collected on the slower, detailed,
-/// run of an analysis.
+/// run of the analysis.
 class ExtraInfo {
 public:
   virtual void print(raw_ostream &OS, const MCInstReference Location) const = 0;
@@ -262,35 +287,34 @@ class ClobberingInfo : public ExtraInfo {
 
 /// A brief version of a report that can be further augmented with the details.
 ///
-/// It is common for a particular type of gadget detector to be tied to some
-/// specific kind of analysis. If an issue is returned by that detector, it may
-/// be further augmented with the detailed info in an analysis-specific way,
-/// or just be left as-is (f.e. if a free-form warning was reported).
+/// A half-baked report produced on the first run of the analysis. An extra,
+/// analysis-specific information may be requested to be collected on the
+/// second run.
 template <typename T> struct BriefReport {
-  BriefReport(std::shared_ptr<Report> Issue,
+  BriefReport(std::shared_ptr<Diagnostic> Issue,
               const std::optional<T> RequestedDetails)
       : Issue(Issue), RequestedDetails(RequestedDetails) {}
 
-  std::shared_ptr<Report> Issue;
+  std::shared_ptr<Diagnostic> Issue;
   std::optional<T> RequestedDetails;
 };
 
-/// A detailed version of a report.
-struct DetailedReport {
-  DetailedReport(std::shared_ptr<Report> Issue,
-                 std::shared_ptr<ExtraInfo> Details)
+/// A final version of the report.
+struct FinalReport {
+  FinalReport(std::shared_ptr<Diagnostic> Issue,
+              std::shared_ptr<ExtraInfo> Details)
       : Issue(Issue), Details(Details) {}
 
-  std::shared_ptr<Report> Issue;
+  std::shared_ptr<Diagnostic> Issue;
   std::shared_ptr<ExtraInfo> Details;
 };
 
 struct FunctionAnalysisResult {
-  std::vector<DetailedReport> Diagnostics;
+  std::vector<FinalReport> Diagnostics;
 };
 
 /// A helper class storing per-function context to be instantiated by Analysis.
-class FunctionAnalysis {
+class FunctionAnalysisContext {
   BinaryContext &BC;
   BinaryFunction &BF;
   MCPlusBuilder::AllocatorIdTy AllocatorId;
@@ -306,8 +330,9 @@ class FunctionAnalysis {
   void handleSimpleReports(SmallVector<BriefReport<MCPhysReg>> &Reports);
 
 public:
-  FunctionAnalysis(BinaryFunction &BF, MCPlusBuilder::AllocatorIdTy AllocatorId,
-                   bool PacRetGadgetsOnly)
+  FunctionAnalysisContext(BinaryFunction &BF,
+                          MCPlusBuilder::AllocatorIdTy AllocatorId,
+                          bool PacRetGadgetsOnly)
       : BC(BF.getBinaryContext()), BF(BF), AllocatorId(AllocatorId),
         PacRetGadgetsOnly(PacRetGadgetsOnly) {}
 
diff --git a/bolt/lib/Passes/PAuthGadgetScanner.cpp b/bolt/lib/Passes/PAuthGadgetScanner.cpp
@@ -715,15 +715,15 @@ SrcSafetyAnalysis::create(BinaryFunction &BF,
 
 static BriefReport<MCPhysReg> make_generic_report(MCInstReference Location,
                                                   StringRef Text) {
-  auto Report = std::make_shared<GenericReport>(Location, Text);
+  auto Report = std::make_shared<GenericDiagnostic>(Location, Text);
   return BriefReport<MCPhysReg>(Report, std::nullopt);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
 static BriefReport<T> make_report(const GadgetKind &Kind,
                                   MCInstReference Location,
                                   T RequestedDetails) {
-  auto Report = std::make_shared<GadgetReport>(Kind, Location);
+  auto Report = std::make_shared<GadgetDiagnostic>(Kind, Location);
   return BriefReport<T>(Report, RequestedDetails);
 }
 
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ collectRegsToTrack(ArrayRef<BriefReport<MCPhysReg>> Reports) {
   return SmallVector<MCPhysReg>(RegsToTrack.begin(), RegsToTrack.end());
 }
 
-void FunctionAnalysis::findUnsafeUses(
+void FunctionAnalysisContext::findUnsafeUses(
     SmallVector<BriefReport<MCPhysReg>> &Reports) {
   auto Analysis = SrcSafetyAnalysis::create(BF, AllocatorId, {});
   LLVM_DEBUG({ dbgs() << "Running src register safety analysis...\n"; });
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ void FunctionAnalysis::findUnsafeUses(
   });
 }
 
-void FunctionAnalysis::augmentUnsafeUseReports(
+void FunctionAnalysisContext::augmentUnsafeUseReports(
     ArrayRef<BriefReport<MCPhysReg>> Reports) {
   SmallVector<MCPhysReg> RegsToTrack = collectRegsToTrack(Reports);
   // Re-compute the analysis with register tracking.
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ void FunctionAnalysis::augmentUnsafeUseReports(
   }
 }
 
-void FunctionAnalysis::handleSimpleReports(
+void FunctionAnalysisContext::handleSimpleReports(
     SmallVector<BriefReport<MCPhysReg>> &Reports) {
   // Before re-running the detailed analysis, process the reports which do not
   // need any additional details to be attached.
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ void FunctionAnalysis::handleSimpleReports(
   llvm::erase_if(Reports, [](const auto &R) { return !R.RequestedDetails; });
 }
 
-void FunctionAnalysis::run() {
+void FunctionAnalysisContext::run() {
   LLVM_DEBUG({
     dbgs() << "Analyzing function " << BF.getPrintName()
            << ", AllocatorId = " << AllocatorId << "\n";
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ void FunctionAnalysis::run() {
 
 void Analysis::runOnFunction(BinaryFunction &BF,
                              MCPlusBuilder::AllocatorIdTy AllocatorId) {
-  FunctionAnalysis FA(BF, AllocatorId, PacRetGadgetsOnly);
+  FunctionAnalysisContext FA(BF, AllocatorId, PacRetGadgetsOnly);
   FA.run();
 
   const FunctionAnalysisResult &FAR = FA.getResult();
@@ -954,8 +954,8 @@ static void reportFoundGadgetInSingleBBSingleRelatedInst(
   }
 }
 
-void Report::printBasicInfo(raw_ostream &OS, const BinaryContext &BC,
-                            StringRef IssueKind) const {
+void Diagnostic::printBasicInfo(raw_ostream &OS, const BinaryContext &BC,
+                                StringRef IssueKind) const {
   BinaryFunction *BF = Location.getFunction();
   BinaryBasicBlock *BB = Location.getBasicBlock();
 
@@ -968,8 +968,8 @@ void Report::printBasicInfo(raw_ostream &OS, const BinaryContext &BC,
   BC.printInstruction(OS, Location, Location.getAddress(), BF);
 }
 
-void GadgetReport::generateReport(raw_ostream &OS,
-                                  const BinaryContext &BC) const {
+void GadgetDiagnostic::generateReport(raw_ostream &OS,
+                                      const BinaryContext &BC) const {
   printBasicInfo(OS, BC, Kind.getDescription());
 }
 
@@ -1007,8 +1007,8 @@ void ClobberingInfo::print(raw_ostream &OS,
   printRelatedInstrs(OS, Location, ClobberingInstrs);
 }
 
-void GenericReport::generateReport(raw_ostream &OS,
-                                   const BinaryContext &BC) const {
+void GenericDiagnostic::generateReport(raw_ostream &OS,
+                                       const BinaryContext &BC) const {
   printBasicInfo(OS, BC, Text);
 }
 
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ Error Analysis::runOnFunctions(BinaryContext &BC) {
   for (BinaryFunction *BF : BC.getAllBinaryFunctions()) {
     if (!AnalysisResults.count(BF))
       continue;
-    for (const DetailedReport &R : AnalysisResults[BF].Diagnostics) {
+    for (const FinalReport &R : AnalysisResults[BF].Diagnostics) {
       R.Issue->generateReport(outs(), BC);
       if (R.Details)
         R.Details->print(outs(), R.Issue->Location);
