[flang] Revamp evaluate::CoarrayRef

Bring the typed expression representation of a coindexed reference
up to F'2023, which removed some restrictions that had allowed the
current representation to suffice for older revisions of the language.
This new representation is somewhat more simple -- it uses a DataRef
as its base, so any subscripts in a part-ref can be represented as
an ArrayRef there.

Update the code that creates the CoarrayRef, and add more checking
to it, as well as actually capturing any STAT=, TEAM=, & TEAM_NUMBER=
specifiers that might appear.  Enforce the constraint that the
part-ref must have subscripts if it is an array.  (And update a pile
of copied-and-pasted test code that lacked such subscripts.)

Author: klausler

flang/include/flang/Evaluate/tools.h

@@ -391,20 +391,17 @@ template <typename T>
 bool IsArrayElement(const Expr<T> &expr, bool intoSubstring = true,
     bool skipComponents = false) {
   if (auto dataRef{ExtractDataRef(expr, intoSubstring)}) {
-    const DataRef *ref{&*dataRef};
-    if (skipComponents) {
-      while (const Component * component{std::get_if<Component>(&ref->u)}) {
-        ref = &component->base();
+    for (const DataRef *ref{&*dataRef}; ref;) {
+      if (const Component * component{std::get_if<Component>(&ref->u)}) {
+        ref = skipComponents ? &component->base() : nullptr;
+      } else if (const auto *coarrayRef{std::get_if<CoarrayRef>(&ref->u)}) {
+        ref = &coarrayRef->base();
+      } else {
+        return std::holds_alternative<ArrayRef>(ref->u);
       }
     }
-    if (const auto *coarrayRef{std::get_if<CoarrayRef>(&ref->u)}) {
-      return !coarrayRef->subscript().empty();
-    } else {
-      return std::holds_alternative<ArrayRef>(ref->u);
-    }
-  } else {
-    return false;
   }
+  return false;
 }
 
 template <typename A>
@@ -418,9 +415,6 @@ std::optional<NamedEntity> ExtractNamedEntity(const A &x) {
             [](Component &&component) -> std::optional<NamedEntity> {
               return NamedEntity{std::move(component)};
             },
-            [](CoarrayRef &&co) -> std::optional<NamedEntity> {
-              return co.GetBase();
-            },
             [](auto &&) { return std::optional<NamedEntity>{}; },
         },
         std::move(dataRef->u));
@@ -528,22 +522,14 @@ const Symbol *UnwrapWholeSymbolOrComponentDataRef(const A &x) {
 // If an expression is a whole symbol or a whole component designator,
 // potentially followed by an image selector, extract and return that symbol,
 // else null.
+const Symbol *UnwrapWholeSymbolOrComponentOrCoarrayRef(const DataRef &);
 template <typename A>
 const Symbol *UnwrapWholeSymbolOrComponentOrCoarrayRef(const A &x) {
   if (auto dataRef{ExtractDataRef(x)}) {
-    if (const SymbolRef * p{std::get_if<SymbolRef>(&dataRef->u)}) {
-      return &p->get();
-    } else if (const Component * c{std::get_if<Component>(&dataRef->u)}) {
-      if (c->base().Rank() == 0) {
-        return &c->GetLastSymbol();
-      }
-    } else if (const CoarrayRef * c{std::get_if<CoarrayRef>(&dataRef->u)}) {
-      if (c->subscript().empty()) {
-        return &c->GetLastSymbol();
-      }
-    }
+    return UnwrapWholeSymbolOrComponentOrCoarrayRef(*dataRef);
+  } else {
+    return nullptr;
   }
-  return nullptr;
 }
 
 // GetFirstSymbol(A%B%C[I]%D) -> A

flang/include/flang/Evaluate/traverse.h

@@ -146,8 +146,7 @@ class Traverse {
     return Combine(x.base(), x.subscript());
   }
   Result operator()(const CoarrayRef &x) const {
-    return Combine(
-        x.base(), x.subscript(), x.cosubscript(), x.stat(), x.team());
+    return Combine(x.base(), x.cosubscript(), x.stat(), x.team());
   }
   Result operator()(const DataRef &x) const { return visitor_(x.u); }
   Result operator()(const Substring &x) const {

flang/include/flang/Evaluate/variable.h

@@ -98,8 +98,6 @@ class Component {
 
 // A NamedEntity is either a whole Symbol or a component in an instance
 // of a derived type.  It may be a descriptor.
-// TODO: this is basically a symbol with an optional DataRef base;
-// could be used to replace Component.
 class NamedEntity {
 public:
   CLASS_BOILERPLATE(NamedEntity)
@@ -239,28 +237,16 @@ class ArrayRef {
   std::vector<Subscript> subscript_;
 };
 
-// R914 coindexed-named-object
-// R924 image-selector, R926 image-selector-spec.
-// C825 severely limits the usage of derived types with coarray ultimate
-// components: they can't be pointers, allocatables, arrays, coarrays, or
-// function results.  They can be components of other derived types.
-// Although the F'2018 Standard never prohibits multiple image-selectors
-// per se in the same data-ref or designator, nor the presence of an
-// image-selector after a part-ref with rank, the constraints on the
-// derived types that would have be involved make it impossible to declare
-// an object that could be referenced in these ways (esp. C748 & C825).
-// C930 precludes having both TEAM= and TEAM_NUMBER=.
-// TODO C931 prohibits the use of a coindexed object as a stat-variable.
+// A coindexed data-ref.  The base is represented as a general
+// DataRef, but the base may not contain a CoarrayRef and may
+// have rank > 0 only in an uppermost ArrayRef.
 class CoarrayRef {
 public:
   CLASS_BOILERPLATE(CoarrayRef)
-  CoarrayRef(SymbolVector &&, std::vector<Subscript> &&,
-      std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &&);
+  CoarrayRef(DataRef &&, std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &&);
 
-  const SymbolVector &base() const { return base_; }
-  SymbolVector &base() { return base_; }
-  const std::vector<Subscript> &subscript() const { return subscript_; }
-  std::vector<Subscript> &subscript() { return subscript_; }
+  const DataRef &base() const { return base_.value(); }
+  DataRef &base() { return base_.value(); }
   const std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &cosubscript() const {
     return cosubscript_;
   }
@@ -270,25 +256,24 @@ class CoarrayRef {
   // (i.e., Designator or pointer-valued FunctionRef).
   std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> stat() const;
   CoarrayRef &set_stat(Expr<SomeInteger> &&);
-  std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> team() const;
-  bool teamIsTeamNumber() const { return teamIsTeamNumber_; }
-  CoarrayRef &set_team(Expr<SomeInteger> &&, bool isTeamNumber = false);
+  // When team() is Expr<SomeInteger>, it's TEAM_NUMBER=; otherwise,
+  // it's TEAM=.
+  std::optional<Expr<SomeType>> team() const;
+  CoarrayRef &set_team(Expr<SomeType> &&);
 
   int Rank() const;
   int Corank() const { return 0; }
   const Symbol &GetFirstSymbol() const;
   const Symbol &GetLastSymbol() const;
-  NamedEntity GetBase() const;
   std::optional<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> LEN() const;
   bool operator==(const CoarrayRef &) const;
   llvm::raw_ostream &AsFortran(llvm::raw_ostream &) const;
 
 private:
-  SymbolVector base_;
-  std::vector<Subscript> subscript_;
+  common::CopyableIndirection<DataRef> base_;
   std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> cosubscript_;
-  std::optional<common::CopyableIndirection<Expr<SomeInteger>>> stat_, team_;
-  bool teamIsTeamNumber_{false}; // false: TEAM=, true: TEAM_NUMBER=
+  std::optional<common::CopyableIndirection<Expr<SomeInteger>>> stat_;
+  std::optional<common::CopyableIndirection<Expr<SomeType>>> team_;
 };
 
 // R911 data-ref is defined syntactically as a series of part-refs, which

flang/lib/Evaluate/check-expression.cpp

@@ -946,10 +946,7 @@ class IsContiguousHelper
       return std::nullopt;
     }
   }
-  Result operator()(const CoarrayRef &x) const {
-    int rank{0};
-    return CheckSubscripts(x.subscript(), rank).has_value();
-  }
+  Result operator()(const CoarrayRef &x) const { return (*this)(x.base()); }
   Result operator()(const Component &x) const {
     if (x.base().Rank() == 0) {
       return (*this)(x.GetLastSymbol());

flang/lib/Evaluate/fold.cpp

@@ -162,22 +162,17 @@ ArrayRef FoldOperation(FoldingContext &context, ArrayRef &&arrayRef) {
 }
 
 CoarrayRef FoldOperation(FoldingContext &context, CoarrayRef &&coarrayRef) {
-  std::vector<Subscript> subscript;
-  for (Subscript x : coarrayRef.subscript()) {
-    subscript.emplace_back(FoldOperation(context, std::move(x)));
-  }
+  DataRef base{FoldOperation(context, std::move(coarrayRef.base()))};
   std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> cosubscript;
   for (Expr<SubscriptInteger> x : coarrayRef.cosubscript()) {
     cosubscript.emplace_back(Fold(context, std::move(x)));
   }
-  CoarrayRef folded{std::move(coarrayRef.base()), std::move(subscript),
-      std::move(cosubscript)};
+  CoarrayRef folded{std::move(base), std::move(cosubscript)};
   if (std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> stat{coarrayRef.stat()}) {
     folded.set_stat(Fold(context, std::move(*stat)));
   }
-  if (std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> team{coarrayRef.team()}) {
-    folded.set_team(
-        Fold(context, std::move(*team)), coarrayRef.teamIsTeamNumber());
+  if (std::optional<Expr<SomeType>> team{coarrayRef.team()}) {
+    folded.set_team(Fold(context, std::move(*team)));
   }
   return folded;
 }

flang/lib/Evaluate/formatting.cpp

@@ -723,24 +723,8 @@ llvm::raw_ostream &ArrayRef::AsFortran(llvm::raw_ostream &o) const {
 }
 
 llvm::raw_ostream &CoarrayRef::AsFortran(llvm::raw_ostream &o) const {
-  bool first{true};
-  for (const Symbol &part : base_) {
-    if (first) {
-      first = false;
-    } else {
-      o << '%';
-    }
-    EmitVar(o, part);
-  }
-  char separator{'('};
-  for (const auto &sscript : subscript_) {
-    EmitVar(o << separator, sscript);
-    separator = ',';
-  }
-  if (separator == ',') {
-    o << ')';
-  }
-  separator = '[';
+  base().AsFortran(o);
+  char separator{'['};
   for (const auto &css : cosubscript_) {
     EmitVar(o << separator, css);
     separator = ',';
@@ -750,8 +734,10 @@ llvm::raw_ostream &CoarrayRef::AsFortran(llvm::raw_ostream &o) const {
     separator = ',';
   }
   if (team_) {
-    EmitVar(
-        o << separator, team_, teamIsTeamNumber_ ? "TEAM_NUMBER=" : "TEAM=");
+    EmitVar(o << separator, team_,
+        std::holds_alternative<Expr<SomeInteger>>(team_->value().u)
+            ? "TEAM_NUMBER="
+            : "TEAM=");
   }
   return o << ']';
 }

flang/lib/Evaluate/shape.cpp

@@ -891,20 +891,7 @@ auto GetShapeHelper::operator()(const ArrayRef &arrayRef) const -> Result {
 }
 
 auto GetShapeHelper::operator()(const CoarrayRef &coarrayRef) const -> Result {
-  NamedEntity base{coarrayRef.GetBase()};
-  if (coarrayRef.subscript().empty()) {
-    return (*this)(base);
-  } else {
-    Shape shape;
-    int dimension{0};
-    for (const Subscript &ss : coarrayRef.subscript()) {
-      if (ss.Rank() > 0) {
-        shape.emplace_back(GetExtent(ss, base, dimension));
-      }
-      ++dimension;
-    }
-    return shape;
-  }
+  return (*this)(coarrayRef.base());
 }
 
 auto GetShapeHelper::operator()(const Substring &substring) const -> Result {

flang/lib/Evaluate/tools.cpp

@@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@ auto GetSymbolVectorHelper::operator()(const ArrayRef &x) const -> Result {
   return GetSymbolVector(x.base());
 }
 auto GetSymbolVectorHelper::operator()(const CoarrayRef &x) const -> Result {
-  return x.base();
+  return GetSymbolVector(x.base());
 }
 
 const Symbol *GetLastTarget(const SymbolVector &symbols) {
@@ -1320,6 +1320,19 @@ std::optional<parser::MessageFixedText> CheckProcCompatibility(bool isCall,
   return msg;
 }
 
+const Symbol *UnwrapWholeSymbolOrComponentOrCoarrayRef(const DataRef &dataRef) {
+  if (const SymbolRef * p{std::get_if<SymbolRef>(&dataRef.u)}) {
+    return &p->get();
+  } else if (const Component * c{std::get_if<Component>(&dataRef.u)}) {
+    if (c->base().Rank() == 0) {
+      return &c->GetLastSymbol();
+    }
+  } else if (const CoarrayRef * c{std::get_if<CoarrayRef>(&dataRef.u)}) {
+    return UnwrapWholeSymbolOrComponentOrCoarrayRef(c->base());
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
 // GetLastPointerSymbol()
 static const Symbol *GetLastPointerSymbol(const Symbol &symbol) {
   return IsPointer(GetAssociationRoot(symbol)) ? &symbol : nullptr;

flang/lib/Evaluate/variable.cpp

@@ -69,13 +69,9 @@ Triplet &Triplet::set_stride(Expr<SubscriptInteger> &&expr) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-CoarrayRef::CoarrayRef(SymbolVector &&base, std::vector<Subscript> &&ss,
-    std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &&css)
-    : base_{std::move(base)}, subscript_(std::move(ss)),
-      cosubscript_(std::move(css)) {
-  CHECK(!base_.empty());
-  CHECK(!cosubscript_.empty());
-}
+CoarrayRef::CoarrayRef(
+    DataRef &&base, std::vector<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &&css)
+    : base_{std::move(base)}, cosubscript_(std::move(css)) {}
 
 std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> CoarrayRef::stat() const {
   if (stat_) {
@@ -85,7 +81,7 @@ std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> CoarrayRef::stat() const {
   }
 }
 
-std::optional<Expr<SomeInteger>> CoarrayRef::team() const {
+std::optional<Expr<SomeType>> CoarrayRef::team() const {
   if (team_) {
     return team_.value().value();
   } else {
@@ -99,16 +95,18 @@ CoarrayRef &CoarrayRef::set_stat(Expr<SomeInteger> &&v) {
   return *this;
 }
 
-CoarrayRef &CoarrayRef::set_team(Expr<SomeInteger> &&v, bool isTeamNumber) {
-  CHECK(IsVariable(v));
+CoarrayRef &CoarrayRef::set_team(Expr<SomeType> &&v) {
   team_.emplace(std::move(v));
-  teamIsTeamNumber_ = isTeamNumber;
   return *this;
 }
 
-const Symbol &CoarrayRef::GetFirstSymbol() const { return base_.front(); }
+const Symbol &CoarrayRef::GetFirstSymbol() const {
+  return base().GetFirstSymbol();
+}
 
-const Symbol &CoarrayRef::GetLastSymbol() const { return base_.back(); }
+const Symbol &CoarrayRef::GetLastSymbol() const {
+  return base().GetLastSymbol();
+}
 
 void Substring::SetBounds(std::optional<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &lower,
     std::optional<Expr<SubscriptInteger>> &upper) {
@@ -426,17 +424,7 @@ int ArrayRef::Rank() const {
   }
 }
 
-int CoarrayRef::Rank() const {
-  if (!subscript_.empty()) {
-    int rank{0};
-    for (const auto &expr : subscript_) {
-      rank += expr.Rank();
-    }
-    return rank;
-  } else {
-    return base_.back()->Rank();
-  }
-}
+int CoarrayRef::Rank() const { return base().Rank(); }
 
 int DataRef::Rank() const {
   return common::visit(common::visitors{
@@ -671,22 +659,6 @@ std::optional<DynamicType> Designator<T>::GetType() const {
   return std::nullopt;
 }
 
-static NamedEntity AsNamedEntity(const SymbolVector &x) {
-  CHECK(!x.empty());
-  NamedEntity result{x.front()};
-  int j{0};
-  for (const Symbol &symbol : x) {
-    if (j++ != 0) {
-      DataRef base{result.IsSymbol() ? DataRef{result.GetLastSymbol()}
-                                     : DataRef{result.GetComponent()}};
-      result = NamedEntity{Component{std::move(base), symbol}};
-    }
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-NamedEntity CoarrayRef::GetBase() const { return AsNamedEntity(base_); }
-
 // Equality testing
 
 // For the purposes of comparing type parameter expressions while
@@ -759,9 +731,8 @@ bool ArrayRef::operator==(const ArrayRef &that) const {
   return base_ == that.base_ && subscript_ == that.subscript_;
 }
 bool CoarrayRef::operator==(const CoarrayRef &that) const {
-  return base_ == that.base_ && subscript_ == that.subscript_ &&
-      cosubscript_ == that.cosubscript_ && stat_ == that.stat_ &&
-      team_ == that.team_ && teamIsTeamNumber_ == that.teamIsTeamNumber_;
+  return base_ == that.base_ && cosubscript_ == that.cosubscript_ &&
+      stat_ == that.stat_ && team_ == that.team_;
 }
 bool DataRef::operator==(const DataRef &that) const {
   return TestVariableEquality(*this, that);