[12.x] Validate UUID's version optionally

[shaedrich]

Revive #21672 by @vanodevium

That allows to do something like this:

class MyRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'user_uuid' => [ 'required', 'uuid' ], // default, unchanged
            'order_uuid' => [ 'uuid:4' ],
            'request_uuid' => [ 'uuid:1' ],
        ];
    }
}

[taylorotwell]

Can you add a test and mark as ready for review?

[shaedrich]

Tests are added as asked