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Functional Programming Unorthodoxly Adjusted to Client-/Server-side Javascript

scriptum, a functional standard library.

There are three categories of effects:

  • mutations
  • input/output
  • control flow

scriptum handles these three categories using the following concepts:

  • tree-based persistent data structures (mutations)
  • continuation types optimized for serial/parallel asynchronous processing (I/O)
  • continuation type optimized for synchronous processing (control flow)

Since I/O is asynchronous in Javascript/Node.js, the first iteration of the event loop is pure in terms of interacting with the real world. It is thus possible in the context of the event loop to implement the pure core imperative shell design pattern provided the following two requirements are met by asynchronous types:

  • they are lazy
  • they are stateless

While the native Promise type misses both criteria, scriptum's Serial and Parallel types are compliant.

Control flow comprises the following instances:

  • short circuiting
  • indeterminism (0..n iterations of evaluation)

Features:

  • persistent data structures based on 2-3 trees
  • lazy evaluation with implicit/explicit thunks
  • principled, purely functional async computation (serial/parallel)
  • stack safe recursion (tail recursion, modulo cons, monad recursion)
  • reification control flow using CPS and the Cont type
  • product and variant types
  • simple pattern matching
  • functional Iterator machinery
  • functional iterator type idempotent in its next method
  • reactive programming with event streams and behaviors
  • DequeMap, a doubly-ended queue based on a native map
  • MultiMap to encode 1:m key/value relations
  • lots of predefined type class definitions
  • lots of predefined polymorphic functions
  • lots of functor, applicative and monad definitions
  • dynamic functorial fusion using yoneda
  • static loop fusion using transducers
  • flat composition syntax using infix
  • memoization of recursive functions
  • functional optics
  • parser combinators
  • functor composition
  • let expressions
  • recursion schemes
  • delimited continuations
  • coroutines
  • tracked functions
  • and much more..

Status

unstable

Obsolete projects:

Future Studies

  • probabilistic data structures
  • fuzzy logic and encoding uncertainty
  • separation of command and query model + event sourcing (CQRS/ES)
  • software transaction memory (STM)
  • strong eventual consistency (CRDTs)
  • distributed applications