Update cargo and other dependencies

[MonterraByte]

Resolves #402. Resolves #401. Resolves #384. Resolves #404.

This MR updates all dependencies to their latest versions. The only update that required code changes was the cargo crate, which was caused by:

• cargo::util::Config being renamed to cargo::util::context::GlobalContext.
• cargo::sources::source::Source::query_vec() returning a Vec<IndexSummary> instead of a Vec<Summary>.

[BarbossHack]

Also Fixes #385

[MonterraByte]

Also Fixes #385

That one is already fixed in master, as far as I can tell.

[kaimast]

Maybe bump directly to cargo 0.83?

[MonterraByte]

Maybe bump directly to cargo 0.83?

That wasn't out when I made the PR. :)
I'll update it.

[kaimast]

Yeah, I figured it might not have been out yet.

I just tried the PR, and it works fine for me. Thanks for creating it! Hopefully, the maintainers can merge it soon.

[zerosnacks]

Ping @kbknapp, install currently throws - should be resolved by this PR:

error[E0282]: type annotations needed for `Box<_>`
  --> /home/<USER>/.cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/time-0.3.30/src/format_description/parse/mod.rs:83:9
   |
83 |     let items = format_items
   |         ^^^^^
...
86 |     Ok(items.into())
   |              ---- type must be known at this point
   |
   = note: this is an inference error on crate `time` caused by an API change in Rust 1.80.0; update `time` to version `>=0.3.35` by calling `cargo update