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Web Service Security Testing Cheat Sheet |
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As Web Services are incorporated into application environments, having a good checklist while performing security assessments can help a penetration tester better identify web service related vulnerabilities and associated risk.
This document is intended to be an easy to use checklist while performing assessments against web services. The penetration tester is advised to incorporate this into his or her corporate testing methodology as a supplemental checklist or is free to use this checklist as the sole testing guideline.
- For a Black Box assessment, at the very least, the penetration tester will need the Web Service Description Language (WSDL) file
- For a Grey Box assessment, the penetration tester will need sample requests for each method employed by the web service(s), along with the Web Service Description Language (WSDL) file
- Black Box * Google hacking ** Inurl:jws?wsdl ** Inurl:asmx?wsdl ** Inurl:aspx?wsdl ** Inurl:ascx?wsdl ** Inurl:ashx?wsdl ** Inurl:dll?wsdl ** Inurl:exe?wsdl ** Inurl:php?wsdl ** Inurl:pl?wsdl ** Inurl:?wsdl ** Filetype:jws ** Filetype:asmx ** Filetype:ascx ** Filetype:aspx ** Filetype:ashx ** Filetype:dll ** Filetype:exe ** Filetype:php ** Filetype:pl * WSDL file contents ** Methods ** Data Types * UDDI ** Web Service Discovery (If no WSDL provided) * Authentication Type Discovery * REST vs. SOAP * Baseline Requests
- Grey Box * WSDL file contents ** Methods ** Data Types * Sample/Baseline Requests ** Methods ** Data Types ** Types of Information Being Requested/Consumed * Authentication Type Discovery * REST vs. SOAP
- Baseline Tests * Normal Request(s)/Response(s) for Each Method
- Automated Tests * Tools ** SoapUI Pro ** OWASP ZAP ** IBM AppScan ** HP Webinspect ** WSBang ** WSMap
- Vulnerability Discovery * Debug output * Fuzzing * XSS * SQLi * Malformed XML * Malicious Attachment/File Upload * Xpath Injection * Improper Boundary Checking * XML Bomb (DoS) * Basic Authentication * SAML/OAuth/OpenID authentication ** Authentication based attacks *** Replay attacks *** Session fixation *** XML Signature wrapping *** Inadequate session timeout settings ** Improper implementation * SSL/TLS Use * Host Cipher Support * Valid Certificate * Protocol Support * Hashing Algorithm Support * Deprecated cipher suites that are offered ** External resources *** SSL Labs ** Internal resources *** SSLscan *Authorization Bypass * Schema Implementation Weaknesses * Non-encoded Output
- Manual Tests * Tools ** Soap UI Free ** Burp Suite Pro *** Suggested extensions: **** SAML Editor **** SAML Encoder / Decoder **** WSDL Wizard **** Wsdler ** SOA Client ** WSDigger (deprecated) * Vulnerability Discovery ** Debug output * Fuzzing ** XSS ** SQLi ** Malformed XML ** Malicious Attachment/File Upload ** Xpath Injection ** Improper Boundary Checking ** XML Bomb (DoS) ** Basic Authentication ** SSL/TLS Failback
There is already a great cheat sheet on how to properly test the security of REST based web services. You can find the guide at the following location: 1 https://www.owasp.org/index.php/REST_Assessment_Cheat_Sheet
While using automated tools, the penetration tester will need to validate all reported findings manually and perform due diligence false positive analysis for each vulnerability reported. During the manual phase of testing, the penetration tester will look for the existence of vulnerabilities missed by the automated tools and will validate automated tool output as necessary.
2 http://www.securestate.com/Insights/Documents/WhitePapers/Dont-Drop-the-SOAP-Whitepaper.pdf 3 http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web-services/ 4 http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web-services-penetration-testing-part-1/ 5 http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web-services-penetration-testing-part-2-automated-approach-soapui-pro/ 6 http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web-services-pen-test-part-3-automation-appscan-webinspect/ 7 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-uO0ELZ2rk 8 http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21404788 9 https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Web_Service_Security_Cheat_Sheet 10 http://www.pushtotest.com/blogs/60-the-cohen-blog/697-web-security-test-solutions-with-testmaker-and-soapui.html 11 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff650168.aspx 12 http://www.soapui.org/security-testing/overview-of-security-scans.html 13 https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Web_Application_Security_Testing_Cheat_Sheet 14 http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web-services-pen-test-part-4-manual-testing-soa-client/ 15 http://projects.webappsec.org/w/page/13247002/XML%20Entity%20Expansion 16 https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Testing_WSDL_%28OWASP-WS-002%29 17 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLKM4USUlZs 18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHIkb9yEV1k 19 https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity12/sec12-final91.pdf 20 http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/saml-oauth-openid/ 21 http://blog.sendsafely.com/post/69590974866/web-based-single-sign-on-and-the-dangers-of-saml 22 https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity12/sec12-final91.pdf
Below are resources to help the tester learn and refine their ability to effectively test various web services.
- OWASP Mutillidae - PenTester Lab: Axis2 Web Service and Tomcat Manager - DVWS - OWASP WebGoat - [23](http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21288823) - [24](http://zero.webappsecurity.com/) - [25](https://media.blackhat.com/bh-us-11/Johnson/BH_US_11_JohnsonEstonAbraham_Dont_Drop_the_SOAP_WP.pdf) - [26](http://www.securitytube.net/video/11695) - [27](http://www.securitytube.net/video/8462) - [28](http://www.securitytube.net/video/1113) - [29](http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/web-services-pen-test-part-4-manual-testing-soa-client/) - [30](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/REST_Assessment_Cheat_Sheet)- Michael Born
- John Rogers
- Zac Fowler
- Fred Donovan
- Rob Temple
- Andrew Freeborn
- Sai Uday Shankar Korlimarla
- Robert Nordstrom
- Justin Williams
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