gvm

golang 多版本管理工具

下载 gvm

Docker

docker run -it ghcr.io/jaronnie/gvm:latest bash

从源码下载(需要依赖 go 环境)

go install github.com/jaronnie/gvm@latest

下载二进制文件

点击下载

Linux/macOS

# linux amd64
curl -L -o gvm.tar.gz https://github.com/jaronnie/gvm/releases/download/v1.8.0/gvm_1.8.0_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz
# darwin amd64
curl -L -o gvm.tar.gz https://github.com/jaronnie/gvm/releases/download/v1.8.0/gvm_1.8.0_Darwin_x86_64.tar.gz
# darwin arm64(m 系列)
curl -L -o gvm.tar.gz https://github.com/jaronnie/gvm/releases/download/v1.8.0/gvm_1.8.0_Darwin_arm64.tar.gz

tar -zxvf gvm.tar.gz
mv gvm /usr/local/bin

Windows

# 下载 Windows 版本
# amd64
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/jaronnie/gvm/releases/download/v1.8.0/gvm_1.8.0_Windows_x86_64.zip" -OutFile "gvm.zip"
# arm64
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/jaronnie/gvm/releases/download/v1.8.0/gvm_1.8.0_Windows_arm64.zip" -OutFile "gvm.zip"

# 解压
Expand-Archive -Path gvm.zip -DestinationPath $env:USERPROFILE\gvm\bin
# 添加到 PATH (需要管理员权限，或者手动添加到系统环境变量)
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", $env:Path + ";$env:USERPROFILE\gvm\bin", "User")

使用 gvm

第一步: 初始化 gvm

Linux/macOS

gvm init
# 如果执行失败, 手动指定 shell 类型
# gvm init bash

让环境变量生效

# zsh
source ~/.zshrc
# bash
source ~/.bashrc

Windows

# 初始化 gvm (使用 PowerShell)
gvm init powershell

# 让环境变量生效 (重启 PowerShell 或运行)
. $PROFILE

注意: Windows 上使用 gvm activate 命令可能需要管理员权限来创建符号链接。如果没有管理员权限，建议启用 Windows 10/11 的开发者模式。

第二步: gvm 命令补全(可选)

Linux/macOS

# zsh:
# echo "autoload -U compinit; compinit" >> ~/.zshrc
gvm completion zsh > "${fpath[1]}/_gvm"

# linux bash:
gvm completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/gvm

Windows

# PowerShell 补全支持
gvm completion powershell > $env:USERPROFILE\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\gvm\gvm.ps1

第三步: 下载 go 版本

# will install go 1.23.5
gvm install go1.23.5

# install offline, default package file path is $HOME/gvm
gvm install go1.23.5 --offline

# install offline, package file path is .
gvm install go1.23.5 --offline -p .

第四步: 列举下载的 go 版本

# list local go
gvm list

# list remote go
gvm list --remote

# list remote go with limit number
gvm list --remote -n 100

# list all
gvm list --remote --all

第五步: 激活 go 版本

# will activate go 1.23.5 environment
gvm activate go1.23.5

第六步: 卸载 go 版本

gvm uninstall go1.23.5

gvm 相关配置

环境变量设置

Linux/macOS

cat $HOME/gvm/.gvmrc

# get env
export GOROOT=$HOME/gvm/goroot
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
export GOPATH=$HOME/gvm
export GOBIN=$GOPATH/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$GOBIN

Windows

cat $env:USERPROFILE\gvm\.gvmrc.ps1

# get env
$env:GOROOT = "$env:USERPROFILE\gvm\goroot"
$env:PATH = "$env:PATH;$env:GOROOT\bin"
$env:GOPATH = "$env:USERPROFILE\gvm"
$env:GOBIN = "$env:GOPATH\bin"
$env:PATH = "$env:PATH;$env:GOBIN"

go 版本下载路径

Linux/macOS

ls $HOME/gvm/go*

Windows

ls $env:USERPROFILE\gvm\go*

问题与解决

下载 go 版本失败, 设置代理

gvm config --registry https://mirrors.aliyun.com/golang

bash completion error: bash: _get_comp_words_by_ref: command not found

# centos
yum -y install bash-completion

gvm init: Error: can not get shell type

# gvm init <shellType>
gvm init bash

bash: permission denied: /etc/bash_completion.d/gvm

gvm completion bash | sudo tee /etc/bash_completion.d/gvm > /dev/null