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Retrieving multiple documents

As fast as Elasticsearch is, it can be faster still. Combining multiple requests into one avoids the network overhead of processing each request individually. If you know that you need to retrieve multiple documents from Elasticsearch, it is faster to retrieve them all in a single request using the multi-get or mget API, instead of document-by-document.

The mget API expects a docs array, each element of which specifies the _index, _type and _id metadata of the document you wish to retrieve. You can also specify a _source parameter if you just want to retrieve one or more specific fields:

GET /_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" : "website",
         "_type" :  "blog",
         "_id" :    2
      },
      {
         "_index" : "website",
         "_type" :  "pageviews",
         "_id" :    1,
         "_source": "views"
      }
   ]
}

The response body also contains a docs array which contains a response per document, in the same order as specified in the request. Each of these responses is the same response body that we would expect from an individual get request:

{
   "docs" : [
      {
         "_index" :   "website",
         "_id" :      "2",
         "_type" :    "blog",
         "found" :    true,
         "_source" : {
            "text" :  "This is a piece of cake...",
            "title" : "My first external blog entry"
         },
         "_version" : 10
      },
      {
         "_index" :   "website",
         "_id" :      "1",
         "_type" :    "pageviews",
         "found" :    true,
         "_version" : 2,
         "_source" : {
            "views" : 2
         }
      }
   ]
}

If the documents you wish to retrieve are all in the same _index (and maybe even of the same _type) then you can specify a default /_index or a default /_index/_type in the URL.

You can still override these values in the individual requests:

GET /website/blog/_mget
{
   "docs" : [
      { "_id" : 2 },
      { "_type" : "pageviews", "_id" :   1 }
   ]
}

In fact, if all the documents have the same _index and _type, then you can just pass an array of ids instead of the full docs array:

GET /website/blog/_mget
{
   "ids" : [ "2", "1" ]
}

Note that the second document that we requested doesn’t exist. We specified type blog, but the document with ID 1 is of type pageviews. This non-existence is reported in the response body:

{
  "docs" : [
    {
      "_index" :   "website",
      "_type" :    "blog",
      "_id" :      "2",
      "_version" : 10,
      "found" :    true,
      "_source" : {
        "title":   "My first external blog entry",
        "text":    "This is a piece of cake..."
      }
    },
    {
      "_index" :   "website",
      "_type" :    "blog",
      "_id" :      "1",
      "found" :    false  (1)
    }
  ]
}

  1. This document was not found.

The fact that the second document wasn’t found didn’t affect the retrieval of the first document. Each doc is retrieved and reported on individually.

Note
 The HTTP status code for the above request is 200, even though one document wasn’t found. In fact, it would still be 200 if none of the requested documents were found. The reason for that is that the mget request itself completed successfully. To determine the success or failure of the individual documents, you need to check the found flag.