diff --git a/flow-typed/npm/@tsconfig/node18_v1.x.x.js b/flow-typed/npm/@tsconfig/node18_v1.x.x.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..3e7f193200ffcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/flow-typed/npm/@tsconfig/node18_v1.x.x.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @flow
+ * @format
+ */
+
+declare module '@tsconfig/node18/tsconfig.json' {
+  declare module.exports: any;
+}
diff --git a/flow-typed/npm/typescript_v5.x.x.js b/flow-typed/npm/typescript_v5.x.x.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..683b8589bf64ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/flow-typed/npm/typescript_v5.x.x.js
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @flow
+ * @format
+ */
+
+declare module 'typescript' {
+  declare enum ModuleResolutionKind {
+    Classic = 'Classic',
+    NodeJs = 'NodeJs',
+    Node10 = 'Node10',
+    Node16 = 'Node16',
+    NodeNext = 'NodeNext',
+    Bundler = 'Bundler',
+  }
+
+  declare type SourceFile = $ReadOnly<{
+    fileName: string,
+    text: string,
+    ...
+  }>;
+
+  declare type Diagnostic = $ReadOnly<{
+    file?: SourceFile,
+    start?: number,
+    messageText: string,
+    ...
+  }>;
+
+  declare type EmitResult = $ReadOnly<{
+    diagnostics: Array<Diagnostic>,
+    ...
+  }>;
+
+  declare type Program = $ReadOnly<{
+    emit: () => EmitResult,
+    ...
+  }>;
+
+  declare type TypeScriptAPI = {
+    createProgram(files: Array<string>, compilerOptions: Object): Program,
+    flattenDiagnosticMessageText: (...messageText: Array<string>) => string,
+    getLineAndCharacterOfPosition(
+      file: SourceFile,
+      start?: number,
+    ): $ReadOnly<{line: number, character: number}>,
+    ModuleResolutionKind: typeof ModuleResolutionKind,
+    ...
+  };
+
+  declare module.exports: TypeScriptAPI;
+}
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 983b9f055026f7..5d75feee2b6055 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
     "@pkgjs/parseargs": "^0.11.0",
     "@react-native/metro-babel-transformer": "^0.73.11",
     "@react-native/metro-config": "^0.73.0",
+    "@tsconfig/node18": "1.0.1",
     "@types/react": "^18.0.18",
     "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^5.57.1",
     "async": "^3.2.2",
@@ -81,6 +82,7 @@
     "eslint-plugin-react-native": "^4.0.0",
     "eslint-plugin-redundant-undefined": "^0.4.0",
     "eslint-plugin-relay": "^1.8.3",
+    "flow-api-translator": "0.15.0",
     "flow-bin": "^0.214.0",
     "glob": "^7.1.1",
     "hermes-eslint": "0.15.0",
diff --git a/packages/dev-middleware/src/index.js b/packages/dev-middleware/src/index.js
index c95fbd8400e1d4..b1cd97b5d4555d 100644
--- a/packages/dev-middleware/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/dev-middleware/src/index.js
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ if (!process.env.BUILD_EXCLUDE_BABEL_REGISTER) {
   require('../../../scripts/build/babel-register').registerForMonorepo();
 }
 
-module.exports = require('./index.flow');
+export * from './index.flow';
diff --git a/scripts/build/babel/node.config.js b/scripts/build/babel/node.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..95972f63b0695d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/build/babel/node.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @flow
+ * @format
+ * @oncall react_native
+ */
+
+/*::
+import type {BabelCoreOptions} from '@babel/core';
+*/
+
+const TARGET_NODE_VERSION = '18';
+
+const config /*: BabelCoreOptions */ = {
+  presets: [
+    '@babel/preset-flow',
+    [
+      '@babel/preset-env',
+      {
+        targets: {
+          node: TARGET_NODE_VERSION,
+        },
+      },
+    ],
+  ],
+  plugins: [
+    [
+      'transform-define',
+      {
+        'process.env.BUILD_EXCLUDE_BABEL_REGISTER': true,
+      },
+    ],
+    [
+      'minify-dead-code-elimination',
+      {keepFnName: true, keepFnArgs: true, keepClassName: true},
+    ],
+  ],
+};
+
+module.exports = config;
diff --git a/scripts/build/build.js b/scripts/build/build.js
index c7c65d83ea7cd0..13c1224d536d3b 100644
--- a/scripts/build/build.js
+++ b/scripts/build/build.js
@@ -12,14 +12,22 @@
 const babel = require('@babel/core');
 const {parseArgs} = require('@pkgjs/parseargs');
 const chalk = require('chalk');
+const translate = require('flow-api-translator');
 const glob = require('glob');
 const micromatch = require('micromatch');
-const fs = require('fs');
+const {promises: fs} = require('fs');
 const path = require('path');
 const prettier = require('prettier');
-const {buildConfig, getBabelConfig} = require('./config');
-
-const PACKAGES_DIR /*: string */ = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../packages');
+const ts = require('typescript');
+const {
+  buildConfig,
+  getBabelConfig,
+  getBuildOptions,
+  getTypeScriptCompilerOptions,
+} = require('./config');
+
+const REPO_ROOT = path.resolve(__dirname, '../..');
+const PACKAGES_DIR /*: string */ = path.join(REPO_ROOT, 'packages');
 const SRC_DIR = 'src';
 const BUILD_DIR = 'dist';
 const JS_FILES_PATTERN = '**/*.js';
@@ -32,7 +40,7 @@ const config = {
   },
 };
 
-function build() {
+async function build() {
   const {
     positionals: packageNames,
     values: {help},
@@ -53,35 +61,48 @@ function build() {
 
   console.log('\n' + chalk.bold.inverse('Building packages') + '\n');
 
-  if (packageNames.length) {
-    packageNames
-      .filter(packageName => packageName in buildConfig.packages)
-      .forEach(buildPackage);
-  } else {
-    Object.keys(buildConfig.packages).forEach(buildPackage);
+  const packagesToBuild = packageNames.length
+    ? packageNames.filter(packageName => packageName in buildConfig.packages)
+    : Object.keys(buildConfig.packages);
+
+  for (const packageName of packagesToBuild) {
+    await buildPackage(packageName);
   }
 
   process.exitCode = 0;
 }
 
-function buildPackage(packageName /*: string */) {
+async function buildPackage(packageName /*: string */) {
+  const {emitTypeScriptDefs} = getBuildOptions(packageName);
   const files = glob.sync(
     path.resolve(PACKAGES_DIR, packageName, SRC_DIR, '**/*'),
     {nodir: true},
   );
-  const packageJsonPath = path.join(PACKAGES_DIR, packageName, 'package.json');
 
   process.stdout.write(
     `${packageName} ${chalk.dim('.').repeat(72 - packageName.length)} `,
   );
-  files.forEach(file => buildFile(path.normalize(file), true));
-  rewritePackageExports(packageJsonPath);
+
+  // Build all files matched for package
+  for (const file of files) {
+    await buildFile(path.normalize(file), true);
+  }
+
+  // Validate program for emitted .d.ts files
+  if (emitTypeScriptDefs) {
+    validateTypeScriptDefs(packageName);
+  }
+
+  // Rewrite package.json "exports" field (src -> dist)
+  await rewritePackageExports(packageName);
+
   process.stdout.write(chalk.reset.inverse.bold.green(' DONE ') + '\n');
 }
 
-function buildFile(file /*: string */, silent /*: boolean */ = false) {
+async function buildFile(file /*: string */, silent /*: boolean */ = false) {
   const packageName = getPackageName(file);
   const buildPath = getBuildPath(file);
+  const {emitFlowDefs, emitTypeScriptDefs} = getBuildOptions(packageName);
 
   const logResult = ({copied, desc} /*: {copied: boolean, desc?: string} */) =>
     silent ||
@@ -97,24 +118,43 @@ function buildFile(file /*: string */, silent /*: boolean */ = false) {
     return;
   }
 
-  fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(buildPath), {recursive: true});
+  await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(buildPath), {recursive: true});
 
   if (!micromatch.isMatch(file, JS_FILES_PATTERN)) {
-    fs.copyFileSync(file, buildPath);
+    await fs.copyFile(file, buildPath);
     logResult({copied: true, desc: 'copy'});
-  } else {
-    const transformed = prettier.format(
-      babel.transformFileSync(file, getBabelConfig(packageName)).code,
-      {parser: 'babel'},
-    );
-    fs.writeFileSync(buildPath, transformed);
+    return;
+  }
 
-    if (/@flow/.test(fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf-8'))) {
-      fs.copyFileSync(file, buildPath + '.flow');
-    }
+  const source = await fs.readFile(file, 'utf-8');
+  const prettierConfig = {parser: 'babel'};
 
-    logResult({copied: true});
+  // Transform source file using Babel
+  const transformed = prettier.format(
+    (await babel.transformFileAsync(file, getBabelConfig(packageName))).code,
+    prettierConfig,
+  );
+  await fs.writeFile(buildPath, transformed);
+
+  // Translate source Flow types for each type definition target
+  if (/@flow/.test(source)) {
+    await Promise.all([
+      emitFlowDefs
+        ? fs.writeFile(
+            buildPath + '.flow',
+            await translate.translateFlowToFlowDef(source, prettierConfig),
+          )
+        : null,
+      emitTypeScriptDefs
+        ? fs.writeFile(
+            buildPath.replace(/\.js$/, '') + '.d.ts',
+            await translate.translateFlowToTSDef(source, prettierConfig),
+          )
+        : null,
+    ]);
   }
+
+  logResult({copied: true});
 }
 
 function getPackageName(file /*: string */) /*: string */ {
@@ -130,16 +170,22 @@ function getBuildPath(file /*: string */) /*: string */ {
   );
 }
 
-function rewritePackageExports(packageJsonPath /*: string */) {
-  const pkg = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(packageJsonPath, {encoding: 'utf8'}));
+async function rewritePackageExports(packageName /*: string */) {
+  const packageJsonPath = path.join(PACKAGES_DIR, packageName, 'package.json');
+  const pkg = JSON.parse(await fs.readFile(packageJsonPath, 'utf8'));
 
   if (pkg.exports == null) {
-    return;
+    throw new Error(
+      packageName +
+        ' does not define an "exports" field in its package.json. As part ' +
+        'of the build setup, this field must be used in order to rewrite ' +
+        'paths to built files in production.',
+    );
   }
 
   pkg.exports = rewriteExportsField(pkg.exports);
 
-  fs.writeFileSync(
+  await fs.writeFile(
     packageJsonPath,
     prettier.format(JSON.stringify(pkg), {parser: 'json'}),
   );
@@ -173,6 +219,49 @@ function rewriteExportsTarget(target /*: string */) /*: string */ {
   return target.replace('./' + SRC_DIR + '/', './' + BUILD_DIR + '/');
 }
 
+function validateTypeScriptDefs(packageName /*: string */) {
+  const files = glob.sync(
+    path.resolve(PACKAGES_DIR, packageName, BUILD_DIR, '**/*.d.ts'),
+  );
+  const compilerOptions = {
+    ...getTypeScriptCompilerOptions(packageName),
+    noEmit: true,
+    skipLibCheck: false,
+  };
+  const program = ts.createProgram(files, compilerOptions);
+  const emitResult = program.emit();
+
+  if (emitResult.diagnostics.length) {
+    for (const diagnostic of emitResult.diagnostics) {
+      if (diagnostic.file != null) {
+        let {line, character} = ts.getLineAndCharacterOfPosition(
+          diagnostic.file,
+          diagnostic.start,
+        );
+        let message = ts.flattenDiagnosticMessageText(
+          diagnostic.messageText,
+          '\n',
+        );
+        console.log(
+          // $FlowIssue[incompatible-use] Type refined above
+          `${diagnostic.file.fileName} (${line + 1},${
+            character + 1
+          }): ${message}`,
+        );
+      } else {
+        console.log(
+          ts.flattenDiagnosticMessageText(diagnostic.messageText, '\n'),
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    throw new Error(
+      'Failing build because TypeScript errors were encountered for ' +
+        'generated type definitions.',
+    );
+  }
+}
+
 module.exports = {
   buildFile,
   getBuildPath,
@@ -182,5 +271,6 @@ module.exports = {
 };
 
 if (require.main === module) {
-  build();
+  // eslint-disable-next-line no-void
+  void build();
 }
diff --git a/scripts/build/config.js b/scripts/build/config.js
index 854d7bff628e76..a2014995b829d9 100644
--- a/scripts/build/config.js
+++ b/scripts/build/config.js
@@ -11,57 +11,82 @@
 
 /*::
 import type {BabelCoreOptions} from '@babel/core';
+*/
+
+const {ModuleResolutionKind} = require('typescript');
 
+/*::
 export type BuildOptions = $ReadOnly<{
+  // The target runtime to compile for.
   target: 'node',
+
+  // Whether to emit Flow definition files (.js.flow) (default: true).
+  emitFlowDefs?: boolean,
+
+  // Whether to emit TypeScript definition files (.d.ts) (default: false).
+  emitTypeScriptDefs?: boolean,
 }>;
 
 export type BuildConfig = $ReadOnly<{
+  // The packages to include for build and their build options.
   packages: $ReadOnly<{[packageName: string]: BuildOptions}>,
 }>;
 */
 
-const TARGET_NODE_VERSION = '18';
-
+/**
+ * - BUILD CONFIG -
+ *
+ * Add packages here to configure them as part of the monorepo `yarn build`
+ * setup. These must use a consistent package structure and (today) target
+ * Node.js packages only.
+ */
 const buildConfig /*: BuildConfig */ = {
-  // The packages to include for build and their build options
   packages: {
-    'community-cli-plugin': {target: 'node'},
-    'dev-middleware': {target: 'node'},
+    'community-cli-plugin': {
+      target: 'node',
+    },
+    'dev-middleware': {
+      target: 'node',
+      emitTypeScriptDefs: true,
+    },
   },
 };
 
+const defaultBuildOptions = {
+  emitFlowDefs: true,
+  emitTypeScriptDefs: false,
+};
+
+function getBuildOptions(
+  packageName /*: $Keys<BuildConfig['packages']> */,
+) /*: Required<BuildOptions> */ {
+  return {
+    ...defaultBuildOptions,
+    ...buildConfig.packages[packageName],
+  };
+}
+
 function getBabelConfig(
   packageName /*: $Keys<BuildConfig['packages']> */,
 ) /*: BabelCoreOptions */ {
-  const {target} = buildConfig.packages[packageName];
+  const {target} = getBuildOptions(packageName);
+
+  switch (target) {
+    case 'node':
+      return require('./babel/node.config.js');
+  }
+}
+
+function getTypeScriptCompilerOptions(
+  packageName /*: $Keys<BuildConfig['packages']> */,
+) /*: Object */ {
+  const {target} = getBuildOptions(packageName);
 
   switch (target) {
     case 'node':
       return {
-        presets: [
-          '@babel/preset-flow',
-          [
-            '@babel/preset-env',
-            {
-              targets: {
-                node: TARGET_NODE_VERSION,
-              },
-            },
-          ],
-        ],
-        plugins: [
-          [
-            'transform-define',
-            {
-              'process.env.BUILD_EXCLUDE_BABEL_REGISTER': true,
-            },
-          ],
-          [
-            'minify-dead-code-elimination',
-            {keepFnName: true, keepFnArgs: true, keepClassName: true},
-          ],
-        ],
+        ...require('@tsconfig/node18/tsconfig.json').compilerOptions,
+        moduleResolution: ModuleResolutionKind.NodeJs,
       };
   }
 }
@@ -69,4 +94,6 @@ function getBabelConfig(
 module.exports = {
   buildConfig,
   getBabelConfig,
+  getBuildOptions,
+  getTypeScriptCompilerOptions,
 };
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index f97611334f0014..cc5dda5747b437 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -2817,6 +2817,11 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@tsconfig/node14/-/node14-1.0.3.tgz#e4386316284f00b98435bf40f72f75a09dabf6c1"
   integrity sha512-ysT8mhdixWK6Hw3i1V2AeRqZ5WfXg1G43mqoYlM2nc6388Fq5jcXyr5mRsqViLx/GJYdoL0bfXD8nmF+Zn/Iow==
 
+"@tsconfig/node18@1.0.1":
+  version "1.0.1"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@tsconfig/node18/-/node18-1.0.1.tgz#ea5b375a9ead6b09ccbd70c3894ea069829ea1bb"
+  integrity sha512-sNFeK6X2ATlhlvzyH4kKYQlfHXE2f2/wxtB9ClvYXevWpmwkUT7VaSrjIN9E76Qebz8qP5JOJJ9jD3QoD/Z9TA==
+
 "@types/archiver@5.3.2":
   version "5.3.2"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@types/archiver/-/archiver-5.3.2.tgz#a9f0bcb0f0b991400e7766d35f6e19d163bdadcc"
@@ -3328,6 +3333,11 @@
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/types/-/types-5.59.5.tgz#e63c5952532306d97c6ea432cee0981f6d2258c7"
   integrity sha512-xkfRPHbqSH4Ggx4eHRIO/eGL8XL4Ysb4woL8c87YuAo8Md7AUjyWKa9YMwTL519SyDPrfEgKdewjkxNCVeJW7w==
 
+"@typescript-eslint/types@5.62.0":
+  version "5.62.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/types/-/types-5.62.0.tgz#258607e60effa309f067608931c3df6fed41fd2f"
+  integrity sha512-87NVngcbVXUahrRTqIK27gD2t5Cu1yuCXxbLcFtCzZGlfyVWWh8mLHkoxzjsB6DDNnvdL+fW8MiwPEJyGJQDgQ==
+
 "@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@5.59.5":
   version "5.59.5"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree/-/typescript-estree-5.59.5.tgz#9b252ce55dd765e972a7a2f99233c439c5101e42"
@@ -3363,6 +3373,14 @@
     "@typescript-eslint/types" "5.59.5"
     eslint-visitor-keys "^3.3.0"
 
+"@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@^5.42.0":
+  version "5.62.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys/-/visitor-keys-5.62.0.tgz#2174011917ce582875954ffe2f6912d5931e353e"
+  integrity sha512-07ny+LHRzQXepkGg6w0mFY41fVUNBrL2Roj/++7V1txKugfjm/Ci/qSND03r2RhlJhJYMcTn9AhhSSqQp0Ysyw==
+  dependencies:
+    "@typescript-eslint/types" "5.62.0"
+    eslint-visitor-keys "^3.3.0"
+
 "@wdio/config@7.31.1":
   version "7.31.1"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/@wdio/config/-/config-7.31.1.tgz#53550a164c970403628525ecdc5e0c3f96a0ff30"
@@ -5689,7 +5707,7 @@ esprima@^4.0.0, esprima@~4.0.0:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/esprima/-/esprima-4.0.1.tgz#13b04cdb3e6c5d19df91ab6987a8695619b0aa71"
   integrity sha512-eGuFFw7Upda+g4p+QHvnW0RyTX/SVeJBDM/gCtMARO0cLuT2HcEKnTPvhjV6aGeqrCB/sbNop0Kszm0jsaWU4A==
 
-esquery@^1.4.2:
+esquery@^1.4.0, esquery@^1.4.2:
   version "1.5.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/esquery/-/esquery-1.5.0.tgz#6ce17738de8577694edd7361c57182ac8cb0db0b"
   integrity sha512-YQLXUplAwJgCydQ78IMJywZCceoqk1oH01OERdSAJc/7U2AylwjhSCLDEtqwg811idIS/9fIU5GjG73IgjKMVg==
@@ -6072,6 +6090,19 @@ flatted@^3.1.0:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/flatted/-/flatted-3.2.2.tgz#64bfed5cb68fe3ca78b3eb214ad97b63bedce561"
   integrity sha512-JaTY/wtrcSyvXJl4IMFHPKyFur1sE9AUqc0QnhOaJ0CxHtAoIV8pYDzeEfAaNEtGkOfq4gr3LBFmdXW5mOQFnA==
 
+flow-api-translator@0.15.0:
+  version "0.15.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/flow-api-translator/-/flow-api-translator-0.15.0.tgz#3df5af2d45630251f12782679271dc2533bcf094"
+  integrity sha512-cH5Fo08kQO0vucJfcQqMAPc2De8ooVX/9AhBUiRDhe+Ob98HOSBJamaiFLgTmC9UVnSyIFRKgpG+RRopHWtjwg==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/code-frame" "^7.16.0"
+    "@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys" "^5.42.0"
+    flow-enums-runtime "^0.0.6"
+    hermes-eslint "0.15.0"
+    hermes-estree "0.15.0"
+    hermes-parser "0.15.0"
+    hermes-transform "0.15.0"
+
 flow-bin@^0.214.0:
   version "0.214.0"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/flow-bin/-/flow-bin-0.214.0.tgz#3ace7984a69309392e056f96cf3bf8623fa93d1c"
@@ -6579,6 +6610,18 @@ hermes-profile-transformer@^0.0.6:
   dependencies:
     source-map "^0.7.3"
 
+hermes-transform@0.15.0:
+  version "0.15.0"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/hermes-transform/-/hermes-transform-0.15.0.tgz#5509cf6993abafbdc32528098d287f5c91eef52c"
+  integrity sha512-ACGdssuE2mcu/qSwSfie1yWQs5IBRYy7yokPbdCkHd4M0jPqCiQbwrlRzQP0+XgyZPooINXWHxkhsI5Iffhppw==
+  dependencies:
+    "@babel/code-frame" "^7.16.0"
+    esquery "^1.4.0"
+    flow-enums-runtime "^0.0.6"
+    hermes-eslint "0.15.0"
+    hermes-estree "0.15.0"
+    hermes-parser "0.15.0"
+
 homedir-polyfill@^1.0.0, homedir-polyfill@^1.0.1:
   version "1.0.3"
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/homedir-polyfill/-/homedir-polyfill-1.0.3.tgz#743298cef4e5af3e194161fbadcc2151d3a058e8"