Python: Rye - Package Manager

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📖 Abstract:

• ✅ Rye: Python 新的包管理工具. (mitsuhiko 开发, flask 作者)

💯 Related:

• ✅ python: pyenv #17
• ✅ Python3: 最佳实践 #38
• ✅ Rust: Quickstart #247
• ✅ Rye+Fish: Add Shims to Path astral-sh/rye#432

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Rye: Python 新的包管理工具

Rye 项目简介:

• https://github.com/mitsuhiko/rye
• 使用 Rust 实现的 Python 包管理工具. (参考了 rustup/cargo 的设计)
• 作者是 mitsuhiko, flask 作者. Python 社区知名开发者.
• 这个项目出来有一段时间了, 最近发布了一个新特性 Rust Modules: rust 插件库功能.
• so, 有必要介绍一下.

Python社区目前已有方案:

• ✅️ pip: 官方默认包安装(最古老的). 配合 requirements.txt
• ✅️ pdm - 目前最好
• ✅️ pyenv: Python 多版本管理(virtualenv)
• ✅️ poetry: 包管理工具. 配合 pyproject.toml
• ✅️ 其他方案 pipenv, 我个人并不是太喜欢. (缺失一些功能)

我使用的方案:

• ✅️ 长期使用: pyenv + poetry.
• ✅️ pyenv 管理 python 版本.
• ✅️ poetry 管理 python 依赖包.

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Rye 使用教程:

Rye 安装+配置:

Rye 安装:

• https://rye-up.com/guide/installation/

curl -sSf https://rye-up.com/get | bash

Rye 配置环境变量:

• 配置: Add Shims to Path, 设置环境变量

Rye + zsh:

# zsh:
echo 'source "$HOME/.rye/env"' >> ~/.zshrc

Rye + fish:

• 官方文档未提供 fish 设置, 查看 env 文件, 手动添加如下:

# fish:
# python + rye: $HOME/.rye/shims
set -gx PATH "$PATH:$HOME/.rye/shims"

方法2:

• 安装一个插件: foreign-env

# install
omf install foreign-env

• 更新 ~/.config/fish/config.fish 配置文件:

# fenv + rye: source "$HOME/.rye/env"
if status --is-interactive
  fenv source "$HOME/.rye/env"
end
# rye end

Rye 更新:

rye self update

Rye 卸载:

rye self uninstall

Rye 基本用法:

• https://rye-up.com/guide/basics/

新建项目:

rye init my-project

锁定 python 版本:

$ rye pin 3.10

添加/删除 python 依赖包:

• 添加依赖:

rye add "flask>=2.0"

# dev 包:
rye add --dev black

• 删除依赖:

rye remove flask

• sync+run:

rye add black
rye sync
rye run black

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配置文件:

• https://rye-up.com/guide/pyproject/

全局:

• https://rye-up.com/guide/sources/
• ~/.rye/config.toml:

[[sources]]
name = "company-internal"
url = "https://company.internal/simple/"

项目内:

• pyproject.toml

[[tool.rye.sources]]
name = "company-internal"
url = "https://company.internal/simple/"

toolchains

• https://rye-up.com/guide/toolchains/

rye pin cpython@3.11.4


rye toolchain list


rye toolchain fetch cpython@3.8.5



rye toolchain remove cpython@3.8.5

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python + rust 插件:

• https://rye-up.com/guide/rust/

rye init my-project --build-system maturin
cd maturin

• 安装 maturin:

rye install maturin

• 工具链:

rye add --dev pip
rye sync

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发布包:

• https://rye-up.com/guide/publish/

构建:

rye build
rye build --wheel --out target
rye build --clean

发布:

rye publish


rye publish dist/example-0.1.0.tar.gz


rye publish --token <your_token> --yes

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安装日志:

task: [install:rye] curl -sSf https://rye-up.com/get | bash
This script will automatically download and install rye (latest) for you.
######################################################################## 100.0%
Welcome to Rye!

This installer will install rye to /Users/dev/.rye
This path can be changed by exporting the RYE_HOME environment variable.

Details:
  Rye Version: 0.13.0
  Platform: macos (aarch64)

Continue? yes
Installed binary to /Users/dev/.rye/shims/rye
Bootstrapping rye internals
Downloading cpython@3.11.5
Checking checksum
success: Downloaded cpython@3.11.5
Upgrading pip
Installing internal dependencies
Updated self-python installation at /Users/dev/.rye/self

The rye directory /Users/dev/.rye/shims was not detected on PATH.
It is highly recommended that you add it.
Add this at the end of your .profile, .zprofile or similar:

    source "$HOME/.rye/env"

Note: after adding rye to your path, restart your shell for it to take effect.
For more information read https://mitsuhiko.github.io/rye/guide/installation

All done!

• 版本:

❯ rye --version
rye 0.13.0
commit: 0.13.0 (8e011231e 2023-08-29)
platform: macos (aarch64)
self-python: cpython@3.11
symlink support: true

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