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Puerts-Unity使用手册

1.准备操作

  • git clone https://github.com/Tencent/puerts.git
  • 拷贝插件到您项目
    • 拷贝puerts/unity/Assets下的所有内容到您项目的Assets目录下
    • Plugins要单独下载 release,解压后替换本地Plugins目录 。

2.c#标签介绍

这些配置须放在Editor目录下;

  • Configure
    • 用途

      配置类。

    • 用法

      该标签只能用在类上,且须在Editor文件夹下。

    • 举例

      [Configure]
      public class ExamplesCfg
      {
      }
  • Binding
    • 用途

      在js/ts调用时,可以找到该类;

      • 会生成一个静态类(wrap),在js调用时,直接静态调用,加快调用速度,否则是通过反射调用。
      • 在index.d.ts中生成函数的声明,在ts调用时,import时,可以找到。
    • 用法

      该标签只能用在属性上,须放在标记了Configure的类里。

    • 举例

      静态列表

      [Configure]
      public class ExamplesCfg
      {
          [Binding]
          static IEnumerable<Type> Bindings
          {
              get
              { 
                  return new List<Type>()
                  {
                      typeof(GameObject),
                      typeof(Component),
                  };
              }
          }
      }

      动态列表

      [Configure]
      public class ExamplesCfg
      {
          [Binding]
          static IEnumerable<Type> Bindings
          {
              get
              { 
                  return (from type in Assembly.Load("Assembly-CSharp").GetExportedTypes()
                      where type.Namespace == "MyNamespace"
                      select type);
              }
          }
      }
  • Typing
    • 用途

      该标签只是针对ts调用,相比Binding,该标签仅生成ts声明(即不会生成静态类,只会在index.d.ts中生成函数的声明给ts调用)。

    • 用法

      该标签只能用在属性上,须放在标记了Configure的类里。

    • 举例

      [Configure]
      public class ExamplesCfg
      {
          [Typing]
          static IEnumerable<Type> Typings
          {
              get
              { 
                  //静态或动态列表
              }
          }
      }
  • BlittableCopy
    • 用途

      对Blittable值类型通过内存拷贝传递,可避免值类型传递产生的GC,需要开启unsafe编译选项。

    • 用法

      该标签只能用在属性上,须放在标记了Configure的类里。

    • 举例

      [Configure]
      public class ExamplesCfg
      {
          [Binding]
          static IEnumerable<Type> Bindings
          {
              get
              { 
                  return new List<Type>()
                  {
                      typeof(Vector3),
                  };
              }
          }
      
          [BlittableCopy]
          static IEnumerable<Type> Blittables
          {
              get
              {
                  return new List<Type>()
                  {
                      //打开这个可以优化Vector3的GC,但需要开启unsafe编译
                      typeof(Vector3),
                  };
              }
          }
      }
  • Filter
    • 用途

      过滤函数。

    • 用法

      该标签只能用在函数上,须放在标记了Configure的类里。

    • 举例

      public class TestFilter
      {
          public void print()
          {
              Debug.Log("test Filter");
          }
          public void add(int a, int b)
          {
              Debug.Log("test add = " + (a + b));
          }
      }
      
      [Configure]
      public class ExamplesCfg
      {
          [Binding]
          static IEnumerable<Type> Bindings
          {
              get
              { 
                  return new List<Type>()
                  {
                      typeof(TestFilter),
                  };
              }
          }
      
          [Filter]
          static bool Filter(System.Reflection.MemberInfo memberInfo)
          {
              return memberInfo.DeclaringType.Name == "TestFilter" && memberInfo.Name == "print";
          }
      }

3.ts调用c#函数

  • 委托、事件,和c#的写法有区别,因为typescript不支持操作符重载
    namespace PuertsTest
    {
        public delegate void MyCallback(string msg);
    
        public class DerivedClass
        {
            public MyCallback MyCallback;
            public event MyCallback MyEvent;
            public static event MyCallback MyStaticEvent;
        }
    }
    • 委托

      如果后续不需要-=,那么可以直接传函数当delegate。

      import { PuertsTest, System } from 'csharp'
      let obj = new PuertsTest.DerivedClass();
      obj.MyCallback = msg => console.log("do not need remove, msg=" + msg);

      但是如果后续需要用到-=,则要通过new构建的delegate,后续可以拿这个引用去-=;

      由于ts不支持操作符重载,Delegate.Combine相当于C#里头的obj.myCallback += delegate;

      Delegate.Remove相当于C#里头的obj.myCallback -= delegate;

      let delegate = new PuertsTest.MyCallback(msg => console.log('can be removed, msg=' + msg));
      obj.MyCallback = System.Delegate.Combine(obj.MyCallback, delegate) as PuertsTest.MyCallback;
      obj.MyCallback = System.Delegate.Remove(obj.MyCallback, delegate) as PuertsTest.MyCallback;
    • 事件

      同理,如果后续用到-=的话,就先new一个delegate,后续都用这个引用;但是事件的+=是add_____[name],-=是 remove_[name]

      obj.add_MyEvent(delegate);
      obj.remove_MyEvent(delegate);
      //静态事件
      PuertsTest.DerivedClass.add_MyStaticEvent(delegate);
      PuertsTest.DerivedClass.remove_MyStaticEvent(delegate);
  • $ref() 和 $unref(),用来表示c#参数,ref 和 out
    namespace PuertsTest
    {
        public class DerivedClass
        {
            public double InOutArgFunc(int a, out int b, ref int c)
            {
                Debug.Log("a=" + a + ",c=" + c);
                b = 100;
                c = c * 2;
                return a + b;
            }
        }
    }
    import {PuertsTest} from 'csharp'
    import {$ref, $unref} from 'puerts'
    let obj = new PuertsTest.DerivedClass();
    let p1 = $ref();
    let p2 = $ref(10);
    let ret = obj.InOutArgFunc(100, p1, p2);
    console.log('ret=' + ret + ', out=' + $unref(p1) + ', ref='+ $unref(p2));//200 100 20
  • $generic()泛型,< T >
    • List < T >,Dictionary< T1,List< T >>先通过$generic实例化泛型参数

      namespace PuertsTest
      {
          public class DerivedClass
          {
               public void PrintList(List<int> lst)
              {
                  Debug.Log("lst.Count=" + lst.Count);
                  for (int i = 0; i < lst.Count; i++)
                  {
                      Debug.Log(string.Format("lst[{0}]={1}", i, lst[i]));
                  }
              }
          }
      }
      import {PuertsTest,System} from 'csharp'
      import {$generic} from 'puerts'
      //$generic调用性能不会太好,同样泛型参数建议整个工程,至少一个文件内只做一次
      let List = $generic(System.Collections.Generic.List$1, System.Int32);
      let Dictionary = $generic(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary$2, System.String, List);
      let lst = new List<number>();
      lst.Add(1);
      lst.Add(0);
      lst.Add(2);
      lst.Add(4);
      obj.PrintList(lst);
      let dic = new Dictionary<string, System.Collections.Generic.List$1<number>>();
      dic.Add("aaa", lst)
      obj.PrintList(dic.get_Item("aaa"));
  • $typeof(),获取类型
    • c#的函数需要一个数组作为参数,js创建一个数组;

      namespace PuertsTest
      {
          public class DerivedClass
          {
               public void testArr(int[] arr)
              {
                  int sum = 0;
                  for(int i = 0;i < arr.Length; i++)
                  {
                      sum += arr[i];
                  }
                  Debug.Log(" c# sum = " + sum);//66
              }
          }
      }
      import {PuertsTest,System} from 'csharp'
      import {$typeof} from 'puerts'
      let arr = System.Array.CreateInstance($typeof(System.Int32),3) as System.Array$1<number>;
      arr.set_Item(0, 11);
      arr.set_Item(1, 22);
      arr.set_Item(2, 33);
      let obj = new PuertsTest.DerivedClass();
      obj.testArr(arr);
  • $extension(),扩展函数
    namespace PuertsTest
    {
        public class BaseClass
        {
        }
        public static class BaseClassExtension
        {
            public static T Extension1<T>(this T a) where T : BaseClass
            {
                Debug.Log(string.Format("Extension1<{0}>", typeof(T)));
                return a;
            }
        }
    }
    import {PuertsTest} from 'csharp'
    import {$extension} from 'puerts'
    $extension(PuertsTest.BaseClass, PuertsTest.BaseClassExtension);
    let obj = new PuertsTest.BaseClass();
    obj.Extension1();	
  • $promise(),异步,TypeScript的async方法可以await C#的async方法

    typescript和c#的async,await联动,c#7.3以上版本才可以

    namespace PuertsTest
    {
        public class DerivedClass
        {
            public async Task<int> GetFileLength(string path)
            {
                Debug.Log("start read " + path);
                using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path))
                {
                    string s = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
                    Debug.Log("read " + path + " completed");
                    return s.Length;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    import {PuertsTest} from 'csharp'
    import {$promise} from 'puerts'
    async function asyncCall() {
        let obj = new PuertsTest.DerivedClass();
        let task = obj.GetFileLength("Assets/Examples/05_Typescript/TsQuickStart.cs");
        let result = await $promise(task);
        console.log('file length is ' + result);
    }
    asyncCall();
  • $set(),给引用变量赋值
    • 还是InOutArgFunc()这个函数,但是现在我想给一个引用参数改值,不能直接改,要通过$set()

      namespace PuertsTest
      {
          public class DerivedClass
          {
              public double InOutArgFunc(int a, out int b, ref int c)
              {
                  Debug.Log("a=" + a + ",c=" + c);
                  b = 100;
                  c = c * 2;
                  return a + b;
              }
          }
      }
      import {PuertsTest} from 'csharp'
      import {$set} from 'puerts'
      let a = 10;
      let b = $ref(10);
      //b = 20; 如果这样赋值的话,最后运行结果 b = undefined 
      $set(b, 20);
      let c = $ref();
      let obj = new PuertsTest.DerivedClass();
      obj.InOutArgFunc(a, b, c);
      console.log("a = " + a + " b = " + $unref(b) + " c = " + $unref(c));
  • op_Addition,c#类中的operator+
    namespace PuertsTest
    {
        public class BaseClass
        {
        	public int baseIntField = 10;
        	public static BaseClass operator +(BaseClass b1,BaseClass b2)
            {
                BaseClass b3 = new BaseClass();
                b3.baseIntField = b1.baseIntField + b2.baseIntField;
                return b3;
            }
        }
    }
    import {PuertsTest} from 'csharp'
    let obj1 = new PuertsTest.BaseClass();
    let obj2 = new PuertsTest.BaseClass();
    obj1.baseIntField = 11;
    obj2.baseIntField = 22;
    let obj3 = PuertsTest.BaseClass.op_Addition(obj1, obj2);