gpl.sgml

<appendix id="gpl">
<title>GNU General Public License</title>
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    <title>GNU General Public License</title -->

    <para>Version 2, June 1991</para>

    <blockquote>
      <para>Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</para>
    </blockquote>

  <sect1 label="0">
    <title>Preamble</title>

    <para>The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
your programs, too.</para>

	<para>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.</para>

	<para>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that
forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the
rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you
if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.</para>

	<para>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,
whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights
that you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.</para>

	<para>We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the
software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission
to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.</para>

	<para>Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make
certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.</para>

	<para>Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by
software patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a
free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making
the program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at
all.</para>

	<para>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution
and modification follow.</para>
</sect1>

<sect1 label="1" id="gpltermsandconditions">
	<title>TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION</title>

<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
	<listitem><para>This License applies to any program or other work
which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be
distributed under the terms of this General Public License.  The
"Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on
the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under
copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion
of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into
another language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without
limitation in the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as
"you".</para>

	<para>Activities other than copying, distribution and modification
are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is
covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program
(independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is
true depends on what the Program does.</para>
        </listitem>

	<listitem><para>You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the
Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices
that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give
any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the
Program.</para>

	<para>You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a
copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for
a fee.</para>
        </listitem>

	<listitem><para>You may modify your copy or copies of the Program
or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy
and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:</para>

	<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
		<listitem><para>You must cause the modified files to carry
prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any
change.</para>
		</listitem>

		<listitem><para>You must cause any work that you distribute or publish,
that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties
under the terms of this License.</para>
		</listitem>

		<listitem><para>If the modified program normally reads commands
interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that
there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and
that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and
telling the user how to view a copy of this License.  (Exception: if the
Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an
announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an
announcement.)</para>
		</listitem>
	</orderedlist>

	<para>These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and
can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves,
then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you
distribute them as separate works.  But when you distribute the same
sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the
distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose
permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to
each and every part regardless of who wrote it.</para>

	<para>Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or
contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is
to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.</para>

	<para>In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the
Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume
of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work
based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the
terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the
following:</para>

	<orderedlist numeration="upperalpha">
		<listitem><para>Accompany it with the complete
corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed
under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for
software interchange; or,</para>
		</listitem>

		<listitem><para>Accompany it with a written offer, valid
for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more
than your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed
under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for
software interchange; or,</para>
		</listitem>

		<listitem><para>Accompany it with the information you
received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code.  (This
alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer,
in accord with Subsection b above.)</para>
		</listitem>
	</orderedlist>

	<para>The source code for a work means the preferred form of the
work for making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete
source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus
any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include anything
that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the
major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on
which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the
executable.</para>

	<para>If distribution of executable or object code is made by
offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution
of the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy
the source along with the object code.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or
distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License.
Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the
Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you
under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>You are not required to accept this License, since
you have not signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to
modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions
are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program),
you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms
and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works
based on it.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>Each time you redistribute the Program (or any
work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license
from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program
subject to these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You
are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this
License.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>If, as a consequence of a court judgment or
allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to
patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License,
they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent license would
not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who
receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you
could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from
distribution of the Program.</para>

	<para>If any portion of this section is held invalid or
unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the
section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to
apply in other circumstances.</para>

	<para>It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to
infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity
of any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented
by public license practices.  Many people have made generous contributions
to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance
on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to
decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other
system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.</para>

	<para>This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is
believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.</para>

	<para>If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted
in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may
add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those
countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries
not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates the limitation
as if written in the body of this License.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>The Free Software Foundation may publish revised
and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time.
Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but
may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.</para>

	<para>Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If
the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it
and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and
conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the
Free Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by the
Free Software Foundation.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program
into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different,
write to the author to ask for permission.  For software which is
copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software
Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be
guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives
of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software
generally.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>NO WARRANTY</para>

        <para>BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE,
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</para>
	</listitem>

	<listitem><para>IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR
AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.</para>
	</listitem>
</orderedlist>

	<para>END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</para>
</sect1>

<sect1 label="2" id="gplhowtoapply">
	<title>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</title>

	<para>If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the
greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to
make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under
these terms.</para>

	<para>To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It
is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most
effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at
least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is
found.</para>

   <blockquote>
    <literallayout>
&lt;one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.&gt;
Copyright (C) &lt;year&gt;  &lt;name of author&gt;
    </literallayout>

    <para>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.</para>

    <para>This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.</para>

    <para>You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA</para>
	</blockquote>

<para>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
mail.</para>

<para>If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like
this when it starts in an interactive mode:</para>

 <blockquote>
  <para>
    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
  </para>
 </blockquote>

 <para>
 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show
the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c';
they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your
program.
 </para>

 <para>
 You should also get your employer (if you work as a
programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for
the program, if necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
 </para>

 <blockquote>
  <literallayout>
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
  </literallayout>

  <literallayout>
&lt;signature of Ty Coon&gt;, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
  </literallayout>
 </blockquote>

	<para>
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.
	</para>
</sect1>

</appendix>
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