Kubernetes-native security tool kit.

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Installation
  • From the Binary Releases
    • As a kubectl plugin
  • From Source (Linux, macOS)
• Getting Started
• Next Steps
• Custom Security Resources Definitions
• Starboard CLI
• Troubleshooting
• Contributing
• License

Introduction

Starboard integrates security tools into the Kubernetes environment, so that users can find and view the risks that relate to different resources in a Kubernetes-native way. Starboard provides custom security resources definitions and a Go module to work with a range of existing security tools, as well as a kubectl-compatible command-line tool and an Octant plug-in that make security reports available through familiar Kubernetes tools.

You can read more about the motivations and use cases here.

Installation

This guide shows how to install the Starboard CLI from source, or from pre-built binary releases.

From the Binary Releases

Every release of Starboard provides binary releases for a variety of operating systems. These binary versions can be manually downloaded and installed.

1. Download your desired version
2. Unpack it (tar -zxvf starboard_darwin_x86_64.tar.gz)
3. Find the starboard binary in the unpacked directory, and move it to its desired destination (mv starboard_darwin_x86_64/starboard /usr/local/bin/starboard)

From there, you should be able to run Starboard CLI commands: starboard help

kubectl plugin

The Starboard CLI is compatible with kubectl and is intended as kubectl plugin, but it's perfectly fine to run it as a stand-alone executable. If you rename the starboard executable to kubectl-starboard and if it's in your path, you can invoke it using kubectl starboard.

After following the Krew installation documentation, you can install starboard with the Krew plugins manager:

$ kubectl krew install starboard
$ kubectl starboard help

From Source (Linux, macOS)

Building from source is slightly more work, but is the best way to go if you want to test the latest (pre-release) version of Starboard.

You must have a working Go environment.

$ git clone git@github.com:aquasecurity/starboard.git
$ cd starboard
$ make

If required, it will fetch the dependencies and cache them. It will then compile starboard and place it in bin/starboard.

Getting Started

The easiest way to get started with Starboard is to use Starboard CLI, which allows scanning Kubernetes workloads deployed in your cluster.

To begin with, execute the following one-time setup command:

$ starboard init

The init subcommand creates the starboard namespace, in which Starboard executes Kubernetes Jobs to perform scans. It also sends custom security resources definitions to the Kubernetes API:

$ kubectl api-resources --api-group aquasecurity.github.io
NAME                              SHORTNAMES   APIGROUP                       NAMESPACED   KIND
ciskubebenchreports               kubebench    aquasecurity.github.io         false        CISKubeBenchReport
configauditreports                configaudit  aquasecurity.github.io         true         ConfigAuditReport
kubehunterreports                 kubehunter   aquasecurity.github.io         false        KubeHunterReport
vulnerabilities                   vulns,vuln   aquasecurity.github.io         true         Vulnerability

There's also a starboard cleanup subcommand, which can be used to remove all resources created by Starboard.

As an example let's run an old version of nginx that we know has vulnerabilities. Create an nginx Deployment in the dev namespace:

$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image nginx:1.16 --namespace dev

Run the scanner to find the vulnerabilities:

$ starboard find vulnerabilities deployment/nginx --namespace dev

Behind the scenes, this uses Trivy to identify vulnerabilities in the container images associated with the specified deployment. Once this has been done, you can retrieve the latest vulnerability reports for this workload:

$ starboard get vulnerabilities deployment/nginx \
  --namespace dev \
  --output yaml

Starboard relies on labels and label selectors to associate vulnerability reports with the specified Deployment. For a Deployment with N container images Starboard creates N instances of vulnerabilities.aquasecurity.github.io resources. In addition, each instance has the starboard.container.name label to associate it with a particular container's image. This means that the same data retrieved by the starboard get vulnerabilities subcommand can be fetched with the standard kubectl get command:

$ kubectl get vulnerabilities \
  --selector starboard.resource.kind=Deployment,starboard.resource.name=nginx \
  --namespace dev \
  --output yaml

In this example, the nginx deployment has a single container called nginx, hence only one instance of the vulnerabilities.aquasecurity.github.io resource is created with the label starboard.container.name=nginx.

To read more about custom resources and label selectors check Custom Security Resources Specification.

The Starboard Octant plugin displays the same vulnerability reports in Octant's UI.

Check the plugin's repository for installation instructions.

Next Steps

Let's take the same nginx Deployment and audit its Kubernetes configuration. As you remember we've created it with the kubectl create deployment command which applies the default settings to the deployment descriptors. However, we also know that in Kubernetes the defaults are usually the least secure.

Run the scanner to audit the configuration using Polaris:

$ starboard polaris

Note that currently the polaris subcommand scans workloads in all namespaces. However, once we resolve issue #29 it will be possible to scan just a single deployment with starboard polaris deployment/nginx --namespace dev.

Retrieve the configuration audit report:

$ starboard get configaudit deployment/nginx \
  --namespace dev \
  --output yaml

or

$ kubectl get configaudit \
  --selector starboard.resource.kind=Deployment,starboard.resource.name=nginx \
  --namespace dev \
  --output yaml

Similar to vulnerabilities the Starboard Octant plugin can visualize config audit reports. What's more important, Starboard and Octant provide a single pane view with visibility into potentially dangerous and exploitable vulnerabilities as well as configuration issues that might affect stability, reliability, and scalability of the nginx Deployment.

To learn more about the available Starboard commands and scanners, such as kube-bench or kube-hunter, use starboard help.

Custom Security Resources Definitions

This project houses CustomResourceDefinitions (CRDs) related to security and compliance checks along with the code generated by Kubernetes code generators to write such custom resources in a natural way.

NAME	SHORTNAMES	APIGROUP	NAMESPACED	KIND
vulnerabilities	vulns,vuln	aquasecurity.github.io	true	Vulnerability
ciskubebenchreports	kubebench	aquasecurity.github.io	false	CISKubeBenchReport
kubehunterreports	kubehunter	aquasecurity.github.io	false	KubeHunterReport
configauditreports	configaudit	aquasecurity.github.io	true	ConfigAuditReport

See Custom Security Resources Specification for the detailed explanation of custom resources used by Starboard and their lifecycle.

Starboard CLI

Starbord CLI is a single executable binary which can be used to find risks, such as vulnerabilities or insecure Pod specs, in Kubernetes workloads. By default, the risk assessment reports are stored as custom security resources.

To learn more about the available Starboard CLI commands, run starboard help or type a command followed by the -h flag:

$ starboard kube-hunter -h

Troubleshooting

"starboard" cannot be opened because the developer cannot be verified. (macOS)

Since Starboard CLI is not registered with Apple by an identified developer, if you try to run it for the first time you might get a warning dialog. This doesn't mean that something is wrong with the release binary, rather macOS can't check whether the binary has been modified or broken since it was released.

To override your security settings and use the Starboard CLI anyway, follow these steps:

1. In the Finder on your Mac, locate the starboard binary.

2. Control-click the binary icon, then choose Open from the shortcut menu.

3. Click Open.

   

   The starboard is saved as an exception to your security settings, and you can use it just as you can any registered app.

You can also grant an exception for a blocked Starboard release binary by clicking the Allow Anyway button in the General pane of Security & Privacy preferences. This button is available for about an hour after you try to run the Starboard CLI command.

To open this pane on your Mac, choose Apple menu > System Preferences, click Security & Privacy, then click General.

Contributing

At this early stage we would love your feedback on the overall concept of Starboard. Over time we'd love to see contributions integrating different security tools so that users can access security information in standard, Kubernetes-native ways.

See our hacking guide for getting your development environment setup.

See our roadmap for tentative features in a 1.0 release.

License

This repository is available under the Apache License 2.0.