Guard against various Faraday exception response formats

[dalibor]

What does this pull request do?

• Guard against other Faraday exception response formats
• Fix randomly failing test by stubbing getconf shell out

Why is it important?

To prevent errors while fetching status in Faraday rescue client/server errors block.

Checklist

• I have signed the Contributor License Agreement.
• My code follows the style guidelines of this project (See .rubocop.yml)
• I have rebased my changes on top of the latest main branch

• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes

• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have updated CHANGELOG.asciidoc
• I have updated supported-technologies.asciidoc
• Added an API method or config option? Document in which version this will be introduced

Related issues

[dalibor]

@estolfo @picandocodigo Could someone from the team review this PR please?

Also, we'll need a new official version released since 4.7.0 is not compatible with Rails 7.1.

Thanks!

[picandocodigo]

@elasticmachine run elasticsearch-ci/docs