System.IO files cleanup (#61413)

* Environment.SystemPageSize returns cached value

* we are no longer shipping MS.IO.Redist, so we can use Array.MaxLength directly

* we are no longer shipping MS.IO.Redist, there is no need for File to be partial

* we are no longer shipping MS.IO.Redist, there is no need for FileInfo to be partial

* there is no need for .Win32.cs and .Windows.cs file anymore

Author: adamsitnik

src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System.Private.CoreLib.Shared.projitems

@@ -414,11 +414,9 @@
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\EnumerationOptions.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\EndOfStreamException.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\File.cs" />
-    <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\File.netcoreapp.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileAccess.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileAttributes.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileInfo.cs" />
-    <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileInfo.netcoreapp.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileLoadException.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileMode.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileNotFoundException.cs" />
@@ -1840,7 +1838,6 @@
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\Guid.Windows.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\DisableMediaInsertionPrompt.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\DriveInfoInternal.Windows.cs" />
-    <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileSystem.Win32.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileSystem.Windows.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\FileSystemInfo.Windows.cs" />
     <Compile Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)System\IO\Path.Windows.cs" />

src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/IO/File.cs

@@ -16,10 +16,9 @@ namespace System.IO
 {
     // Class for creating FileStream objects, and some basic file management
     // routines such as Delete, etc.
-    public static partial class File
+    public static class File
     {
-        // Don't use Array.MaxLength. MS.IO.Redist targets .NET Framework.
-        private const int MaxByteArrayLength = 0x7FFFFFC7;
+        private const int ChunkSize = 8192;
         private static Encoding? s_UTF8NoBOM;
 
         // UTF-8 without BOM and with error detection. Same as the default encoding for StreamWriter.
@@ -121,6 +120,12 @@ public static bool Exists([NotNullWhen(true)] string? path)
             return false;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="FileStream" /> class with the specified path, creation mode, read/write and sharing permission, the access other FileStreams can have to the same file, the buffer size, additional file options and the allocation size.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks><see cref="FileStream(string,System.IO.FileStreamOptions)"/> for information about exceptions.</remarks>
+        public static FileStream Open(string path, FileStreamOptions options) => new FileStream(path, options);
+
         public static FileStream Open(string path, FileMode mode)
             => Open(path, mode, (mode == FileMode.Append ? FileAccess.Write : FileAccess.ReadWrite), FileShare.None);
 
@@ -130,6 +135,44 @@ public static FileStream Open(string path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access)
         public static FileStream Open(string path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share)
             => new FileStream(path, mode, access, share);
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeFileHandle" /> class with the specified path, creation mode, read/write and sharing permission, the access other SafeFileHandles can have to the same file, additional file options and the allocation size.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="path">A relative or absolute path for the file that the current <see cref="Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeFileHandle" /> instance will encapsulate.</param>
+        /// <param name="mode">One of the enumeration values that determines how to open or create the file. The default value is <see cref="FileMode.Open" /></param>
+        /// <param name="access">A bitwise combination of the enumeration values that determines how the file can be accessed. The default value is <see cref="FileAccess.Read" /></param>
+        /// <param name="share">A bitwise combination of the enumeration values that determines how the file will be shared by processes. The default value is <see cref="FileShare.Read" />.</param>
+        /// <param name="preallocationSize">The initial allocation size in bytes for the file. A positive value is effective only when a regular file is being created, overwritten, or replaced.
+        /// Negative values are not allowed. In other cases (including the default 0 value), it's ignored.</param>
+        /// <param name="options">An object that describes optional <see cref="Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeFileHandle" /> parameters to use.</param>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="path" /> is <see langword="null" />.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException"><paramref name="path" /> is an empty string (""), contains only white space, or contains one or more invalid characters.
+        /// -or-
+        /// <paramref name="path" /> refers to a non-file device, such as <c>CON:</c>, <c>COM1:</c>, <c>LPT1:</c>, etc. in an NTFS environment.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.NotSupportedException"><paramref name="path" /> refers to a non-file device, such as <c>CON:</c>, <c>COM1:</c>, <c>LPT1:</c>, etc. in a non-NTFS environment.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException"><paramref name="preallocationSize" /> is negative.
+        /// -or-
+        /// <paramref name="mode" />, <paramref name="access" />, or <paramref name="share" /> contain an invalid value.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.IO.FileNotFoundException">The file cannot be found, such as when <paramref name="mode" /> is <see cref="FileMode.Truncate" /> or <see cref="FileMode.Open" />, and the file specified by <paramref name="path" /> does not exist. The file must already exist in these modes.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException">An I/O error, such as specifying <see cref="FileMode.CreateNew" /> when the file specified by <paramref name="path" /> already exists, occurred.
+        ///  -or-
+        ///  The disk was full (when <paramref name="preallocationSize" /> was provided and <paramref name="path" /> was pointing to a regular file).
+        ///  -or-
+        ///  The file was too large (when <paramref name="preallocationSize" /> was provided and <paramref name="path" /> was pointing to a regular file).</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.Security.SecurityException">The caller does not have the required permission.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">The specified path is invalid, such as being on an unmapped drive.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">The <paramref name="access" /> requested is not permitted by the operating system for the specified <paramref name="path" />, such as when <paramref name="access" />  is <see cref="FileAccess.Write" /> or <see cref="FileAccess.ReadWrite" /> and the file or directory is set for read-only access.
+        ///  -or-
+        /// <see cref="F:System.IO.FileOptions.Encrypted" /> is specified for <paramref name="options" />, but file encryption is not supported on the current platform.</exception>
+        /// <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">The specified path, file name, or both exceed the system-defined maximum length. </exception>
+        public static SafeFileHandle OpenHandle(string path, FileMode mode = FileMode.Open, FileAccess access = FileAccess.Read,
+            FileShare share = FileShare.Read, FileOptions options = FileOptions.None, long preallocationSize = 0)
+        {
+            Strategies.FileStreamHelpers.ValidateArguments(path, mode, access, share, bufferSize: 0, options, preallocationSize);
+
+            return SafeFileHandle.Open(Path.GetFullPath(path), mode, access, share, options, preallocationSize);
+        }
+
         // File and Directory UTC APIs treat a DateTimeKind.Unspecified as UTC whereas
         // ToUniversalTime treats this as local.
         internal static DateTimeOffset GetUtcDateTimeOffset(DateTime dateTime)
@@ -537,9 +580,9 @@ private static async Task<byte[]> InternalReadAllBytesUnknownLengthAsync(FileStr
                     if (bytesRead == rentedArray.Length)
                     {
                         uint newLength = (uint)rentedArray.Length * 2;
-                        if (newLength > MaxByteArrayLength)
+                        if (newLength > Array.MaxLength)
                         {
-                            newLength = (uint)Math.Max(MaxByteArrayLength, rentedArray.Length + 1);
+                            newLength = (uint)Math.Max(Array.MaxLength, rentedArray.Length + 1);
                         }
 
                         byte[] tmp = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent((int)newLength);
@@ -731,5 +774,176 @@ private static void Validate(string path, Encoding encoding)
             if (path.Length == 0)
                 throw new ArgumentException(SR.Argument_EmptyPath, nameof(path));
         }
+
+        private static byte[] ReadAllBytesUnknownLength(FileStream fs)
+        {
+            byte[]? rentedArray = null;
+            Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[512];
+            try
+            {
+                int bytesRead = 0;
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    if (bytesRead == buffer.Length)
+                    {
+                        uint newLength = (uint)buffer.Length * 2;
+                        if (newLength > Array.MaxLength)
+                        {
+                            newLength = (uint)Math.Max(Array.MaxLength, buffer.Length + 1);
+                        }
+
+                        byte[] tmp = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent((int)newLength);
+                        buffer.CopyTo(tmp);
+                        byte[]? oldRentedArray = rentedArray;
+                        buffer = rentedArray = tmp;
+                        if (oldRentedArray != null)
+                        {
+                            ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Return(oldRentedArray);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    Debug.Assert(bytesRead < buffer.Length);
+                    int n = fs.Read(buffer.Slice(bytesRead));
+                    if (n == 0)
+                    {
+                        return buffer.Slice(0, bytesRead).ToArray();
+                    }
+                    bytesRead += n;
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (rentedArray != null)
+                {
+                    ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Return(rentedArray);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void WriteToFile(string path, FileMode mode, string? contents, Encoding encoding)
+        {
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> preamble = encoding.GetPreamble();
+            int preambleSize = preamble.Length;
+
+            using SafeFileHandle fileHandle = OpenHandle(path, mode, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read, FileOptions.None, GetPreallocationSize(mode, contents, encoding, preambleSize));
+            long fileOffset = mode == FileMode.Append && fileHandle.CanSeek ? RandomAccess.GetLength(fileHandle) : 0;
+
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(contents))
+            {
+                if (preambleSize > 0 // even if the content is empty, we want to store the preamble
+                    && fileOffset == 0) // if we're appending to a file that already has data, don't write the preamble.
+                {
+                    RandomAccess.WriteAtOffset(fileHandle, preamble, fileOffset);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+
+            int bytesNeeded = preambleSize + encoding.GetMaxByteCount(Math.Min(contents.Length, ChunkSize));
+            byte[]? rentedBytes = null;
+            Span<byte> bytes = bytesNeeded <= 1024 ? stackalloc byte[1024] : (rentedBytes = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent(bytesNeeded));
+
+            try
+            {
+                if (fileOffset == 0)
+                {
+                    preamble.CopyTo(bytes);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    preambleSize = 0; // don't append preamble to a non-empty file
+                }
+
+                Encoder encoder = encoding.GetEncoder();
+                ReadOnlySpan<char> remaining = contents;
+                while (!remaining.IsEmpty)
+                {
+                    ReadOnlySpan<char> toEncode = remaining.Slice(0, Math.Min(remaining.Length, ChunkSize));
+                    remaining = remaining.Slice(toEncode.Length);
+                    int encoded = encoder.GetBytes(toEncode, bytes.Slice(preambleSize), flush: remaining.IsEmpty);
+                    Span<byte> toStore = bytes.Slice(0, preambleSize + encoded);
+
+                    RandomAccess.WriteAtOffset(fileHandle, toStore, fileOffset);
+
+                    fileOffset += toStore.Length;
+                    preambleSize = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (rentedBytes is not null)
+                {
+                    ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Return(rentedBytes);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static async Task WriteToFileAsync(string path, FileMode mode, string? contents, Encoding encoding, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+        {
+            ReadOnlyMemory<byte> preamble = encoding.GetPreamble();
+            int preambleSize = preamble.Length;
+
+            using SafeFileHandle fileHandle = OpenHandle(path, mode, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read, FileOptions.Asynchronous, GetPreallocationSize(mode, contents, encoding, preambleSize));
+            long fileOffset = mode == FileMode.Append && fileHandle.CanSeek ? RandomAccess.GetLength(fileHandle) : 0;
+
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(contents))
+            {
+                if (preambleSize > 0 // even if the content is empty, we want to store the preamble
+                    && fileOffset == 0) // if we're appending to a file that already has data, don't write the preamble.
+                {
+                    await RandomAccess.WriteAtOffsetAsync(fileHandle, preamble, fileOffset, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+
+            byte[] bytes = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent(preambleSize + encoding.GetMaxByteCount(Math.Min(contents.Length, ChunkSize)));
+
+            try
+            {
+                if (fileOffset == 0)
+                {
+                    preamble.CopyTo(bytes);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    preambleSize = 0; // don't append preamble to a non-empty file
+                }
+
+                Encoder encoder = encoding.GetEncoder();
+                ReadOnlyMemory<char> remaining = contents.AsMemory();
+                while (!remaining.IsEmpty)
+                {
+                    ReadOnlyMemory<char> toEncode = remaining.Slice(0, Math.Min(remaining.Length, ChunkSize));
+                    remaining = remaining.Slice(toEncode.Length);
+                    int encoded = encoder.GetBytes(toEncode.Span, bytes.AsSpan(preambleSize), flush: remaining.IsEmpty);
+                    ReadOnlyMemory<byte> toStore = new ReadOnlyMemory<byte>(bytes, 0, preambleSize + encoded);
+
+                    await RandomAccess.WriteAtOffsetAsync(fileHandle, toStore, fileOffset, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+
+                    fileOffset += toStore.Length;
+                    preambleSize = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Return(bytes);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static long GetPreallocationSize(FileMode mode, string? contents, Encoding encoding, int preambleSize)
+        {
+            // for a single write operation, setting preallocationSize has no perf benefit, as it requires an additional sys-call
+            if (contents is null || contents.Length < ChunkSize)
+            {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            // preallocationSize is ignored for Append mode, there is no need to spend cycles on GetByteCount
+            if (mode == FileMode.Append)
+            {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            return preambleSize + encoding.GetByteCount(contents);
+        }
     }
 }