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Ctor service injection #31927

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105 changes: 104 additions & 1 deletion aspnetcore/blazor/fundamentals/dependency-injection.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -213,7 +213,110 @@ The DI system is based on the DI system in ASP.NET Core. For more information, s

## Request a service in a component

After services are added to the service collection, inject the services into the components using the [`@inject`](xref:mvc/views/razor#inject) Razor directive, which has two parameters:
:::moniker range=">= aspnetcore-9.0"

For injecting services into components, Blazor supports [constructor injection](#constructor-injection) and [property injection](#property-injection).

### Constructor injection

After services are added to the service collection, inject one or more services into components with constructor injection. The following example injects the `IDataAccess` service to obtain a list of actors for display by a component.
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`TheSunmakersCtorInjection.razor`:

```razor
@page "/the-sunmakers-ctor-injection"

<PageTitle>The Sunmakers Ctor Injection</PageTitle>

<h1>Doctor Who&reg;: The Sunmakers Actors (Villains)</h1>

@if (actors != null)
{
<ul>
@foreach (var actor in actors)
{
<li>@actor.FirstName @actor.LastName</li>
}
</ul>
}

<a href="https://www.doctorwho.tv">Doctor Who</a> is a
registered trademark of the <a href="https://www.bbc.com/">BBC</a>.
<a href="https://www.doctorwho.tv/stories/the-sunmakers">The Sunmakers</a>
```

`TheSunmakersCtorInjection.razor.cs`:

```csharp
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components;

public partial class TheSunmakersCtorInjection(IDataAccess dataAccess) : IComponent
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{
private IReadOnlyList<Actor>? actors;

protected IDataAccess DataRepository { get; } = dataAccess;

protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
{
actors = await DataRepository.GetAllActorsAsync();
}

public class Actor
{
public string? FirstName { get; set; }
public string? LastName { get; set; }
}

public interface IDataAccess
{
public Task<IReadOnlyList<Actor>> GetAllActorsAsync();
}

public class DataAccess : IDataAccess
{
public async Task<IReadOnlyList<Actor>> GetAllActorsAsync() =>
await Task.FromResult(GetActors());
}
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public static IReadOnlyList<Actor> GetActors()
{
return new Actor[]
{
new() { FirstName = "Henry", LastName = "Woolf" },
new() { FirstName = "Jonina", LastName = "Scott" },
new() { FirstName = "Richard", LastName = "Leech" }
};
}
}
```

The service registration for `IDataAccess` is made in the app's `Program` file.

<!-- UPDATE 9.0 When the preceding example is added to the
sample apps, the naming is TBD. If this stays
TheSunmakersCtorInjection.razor, the name of the
existing injection example component might be
changed to TheSunmakersPropInjection.razor.
-->

For components implemented from the <xref:Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.IComponent> interface:
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```csharp
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components;

public class TheSunmakersCtorInjection2(IDataAccess dataAccess) : IComponent
{
protected IDataAccess DataRepository { get; } = dataAccess;

...
}
```

### Property injection

:::moniker-end

After services are added to the service collection, inject one or more services into components with the [`@inject`](xref:mvc/views/razor#inject) Razor directive, which has two parameters:

* Type: The type of the service to inject.
* Property: The name of the property receiving the injected app service. The property doesn't require manual creation. The compiler creates the property.
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