DB 183. Customers Who Never Order

Create table If Not Exists Customers (id int, name varchar(255))
Create table If Not Exists Orders (id int, customerId int)
Truncate table Customers
insert into Customers (id, name) values ('1', 'Joe')
insert into Customers (id, name) values ('2', 'Henry')
insert into Customers (id, name) values ('3', 'Sam')
insert into Customers (id, name) values ('4', 'Max')
Truncate table Orders
insert into Orders (id, customerId) values ('1', '3')
insert into Orders (id, customerId) values ('2', '1')

Table: Customers
+-------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type    |
+-------------+---------+
| id          | int     |
| name        | varchar |
+-------------+---------+
id is the primary key column for this table.
Each row of this table indicates the ID and name of a customer.

Table: Orders
+-------------+------+
| Column Name | Type |
+-------------+------+
| id          | int  |
| customerId  | int  |
+-------------+------+
id is the primary key column for this table.
customerId is a foreign key of the ID from the Customers table.
Each row of this table indicates the ID of an order and the ID of the customer who ordered it.

Write an SQL query to report all customers who never order anything.

Return the result table in any order.

The query result format is in the following example.

Example 1:

Input: 
Customers table:
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
| 1  | Joe   |
| 2  | Henry |
| 3  | Sam   |
| 4  | Max   |
+----+-------+
Orders table:
+----+------------+
| id | customerId |
+----+------------+
| 1  | 3          |
| 2  | 1          |
+----+------------+
Output: 
+-----------+
| Customers |
+-----------+
| Henry     |
| Max       |
+-----------+

answer:
SELECT Customers.name AS Customers
FROM Customers
LEFT JOIN Orders ON Customers.id = Orders.customerId
WHERE Orders.id IS NULL;

该查询将从 Customers 表中选择 name 列，并将其与 Orders 表进行左连接。通过使用
WHERE Orders.id IS NULL 过滤掉有订单的客户，最终返回从未下订单的客户列表。

输出将是一个客户名称的表格，顺序不定。

+-----------+
| Customers |
+-----------+
| Henry     |
| Max       |
+-----------+

answer 2:

SELECT name as Customers
FROM Customers C
WHERE C.id NOT IN (
    SELECT customerId
    FROM Orders
)