- Arduino Uno or compatible 5 V AVR board
- data-capable USB cable
- breadboard and jumper wires
- 220–330 Ω resistor for each LED
- components listed in the selected lesson
- Arduino IDE 2 or Arduino CLI
Exercises C–F also require an appropriate motor driver, protected motor supply, and a multimeter. Do not begin those exercises until you understand the hardware safety rules.
- Install Arduino IDE from the official Arduino website.
- Connect the Uno and select Tools > Board > Arduino Uno.
- Select the board's port.
- Open the
.inofile inside its matching folder. - Click Verify, then Upload.
- Open Serial Monitor, choose
9600 baud, and use No line ending.
Test the USB serial command path before connecting a Bluetooth module. This keeps software, wiring, and wireless troubleshooting separate.
- Disconnect USB and external power before changing wiring.
- Check LED polarity and always use a series resistor.
- Use one ground reference across the Arduino, driver, and external supply.
- Keep a written pin map beside the circuit.
- Measure the supply before connecting the board.
- Upload a motor-stop sketch before attaching motor power.
Record the board/core version, a wiring photo or diagram, commands tested, observed serial output, and any changes made. A successful compile is not proof that a physical circuit is safe or correct.