Move conda installation from deprecated DEBs to Miniconda installer #2775

Job	Run time
detect-changes	3s
test-scenarios (conda)	1m 2s
test (conda, ubuntu:focal)	59s
test (conda, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:ubuntu)	55s
test (conda, debian:11)	49s
test (conda, debian:12)	47s
test (conda, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble)	56s
test (conda, ubuntu:jammy)	47s
test (conda, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:debian)	50s
	7m 8s

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