added 2d array article (#236)

* added 2d array article

* fix links to sols

Author: Allynixtor

data/articles/c-2d-arrays-1.mdx

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+---
+title: 2D Arrays in C Tutorial 1 - Creating a 2D Array
+date: 2023-04-14
+desc: Starting the guide on 2D Arrays in C!
+tags:
+  - 'COMP1511'
+  - 'Exam Revision'
+  - '2D Arrays in C'
+author: William Huynh
+coverPhoto: '/images/generic/markus-spiske-iar-afB0QQw-unsplash.jpg'
+---
+
+# 2D Arrays in C 🥳
+
+Welcome to our guide on 2D Arrays in C!
+
+Here you will learn how to use and understand seamlessly the very scary topic that is
+2D arrays!
+
+To break it down nice and easy, we will be covering 6 operations:
+
+- **Creating** a 2D Array 🔧
+- **Initialising** a 2D Array 📚
+- **Accessing** elements in a 2D Array 🔍
+- **Editing** elements in a 2D Array ✏️
+- **Iterating** through a 2D Array 🔁
+
+# Creating a 2D Array 🔧
+
+## Preface 🐶
+
+A 2D array is often referred to as an array of arrays, or a matrix! This is because it consist of rows and columns, and thus takes the shape of a matrix!
+
+![Array Example](/assets/1.png 'img2')
+
+## Getting Started 🎉
+
+To create a 2D array in C, you will need to declare it using the following syntax:
+
+```
+<datatype> <arrayname> [row_size][col_size];
+```
+
+Where:
+
+- `<datatype>` is the datatype of the array
+  _(i.e. `int`, `char`, `bool`, etc...)_
+- `<arrayname>` is the name of the array _(i.e. `my_array`)_
+- `row_size` is the number of rows in the array
+- `col_size` is the number of columns in the array
+
+For example, to create a 2D array of integers with 2 rows and 4 columns, you would use the following declaration:
+
+```
+int my_array[2][4];
+```
+
+Pretty easy right?
+
+### ✅ Now lets get started on **Initialising** an array 😎
+
+<ArticleButtonContainer
+
+next="/articles/c-2d-arrays-2"
+
+nextName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 2 - Initialising a 2D Array"
+
+>
+
+</ArticleButtonContainer>

data/articles/c-2d-arrays-2.mdx

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+---
+title: 2D Arrays in C Tutorial 2
+date: 2023-04-14
+desc: Initialising a 2D Array
+tags:
+  - 'COMP1511'
+  - 'Exam Revision'
+  - '2D Arrays in C'
+author: William Huynh
+coverPhoto: '/images/generic/markus-spiske-iar-afB0QQw-unsplash.jpg'
+---
+
+# Initialising a 2D Array 📚
+
+## Preface 🐶
+
+Whats the fun in creating a 2D array if we can't store stuff in it? 😛
+Here we will learn how to create a 2D array with values already present in it. This operation is called **initialisation**.
+
+## Getting Started 🎉
+
+So before we learnt we could create an array with **2 rows** and **4 columns** by the following:
+
+```
+int my_array[2][4];
+```
+
+But lets say that we want to initialise some values to it, specifically:
+
+- The integers `1,2,3,4`, in the **first row**
+- The integers `5,6,7,8`, in the **second row**
+
+To do that we would use the following initialisation:
+
+```
+int my_array[2][4] = {
+  {1, 2, 3, 4}, // First row
+  {5, 6, 7, 8} // Second row
+};
+```
+
+If we were to add **another row**, it could look something like this!
+
+```
+int my_array[3][4] = {
+  {1, 2, 3, 4}, // First row
+  {5, 6, 7, 8}, // Second row
+  {9, 10, 11, 12} // Third row
+};
+```
+
+If we were to add **another column**, it could look something like this!
+
+```
+int my_array[2][5] = {
+  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, // First row
+  {6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, // Second row
+};
+```
+
+Quite nice right?
+
+### ✅ Now lets get started on **Accessing** elements in an array 😎
+
+<ArticleButtonContainer
+
+next="/articles/c-2d-arrays-3"
+nextName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 3 - Accessing elements"
+
+prev="/articles/c-2d-arrays1"
+prevName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 1 - Creating a 2D Array"
+
+>
+
+</ArticleButtonContainer>

data/articles/c-2d-arrays-3.mdx

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+---
+title: 2D Arrays in C Tutorial 3
+date: 2023-04-14
+desc: Accessing elements in a 2D Arrays
+tags:
+  - 'COMP1511'
+  - 'Exam Revision'
+  - '2D Arrays in C'
+author: William Huynh
+coverPhoto: '/images/generic/nasa-Q1p7bh3SHj8-unsplash.jpg'
+---
+
+# Accessing elements in a 2D Array 📚
+
+## Preface 🐶
+
+Whats the fun in storing elements in a 2D array if we can't access the elements? 😛
+Here we will learn how to access the elements in a 2D array.
+
+## Getting Started 🎉
+
+To access an element in a 2D array you need **two** things!
+
+- The **row** index
+- The **column** index
+
+With those two things we can access any element!
+
+> Remember that indexes start at `0`, so the **first row** and **first column** will have indexes of `0`.
+
+## Some Practice 🎯
+
+Say we have the following array:
+
+```
+int my_array[2][4] = {
+  {1, 2, 3, 4}, // First row
+  {5, 6, 7, 8} // Second row
+};
+```
+
+Let's see if we can identify the row and column indexes of each element!
+
+Try work it out yourself first, before clicking the dropdown answer :P
+
+<details>
+  <summary>Element 1</summary>> Element 1 is at [0, 0] !
+</details>
+
+<details>
+  <summary>Element 2</summary>> Element 2 is at [0, 1] !
+</details>
+
+<details>
+  <summary>Element 4</summary>> Element 4 is at [0, 3] !
+</details>
+
+<details>
+  <summary>Element 5</summary>> Element 5 is at [1, 0] !
+</details>
+
+<details>
+  <summary>Element 6</summary>> Element 6 is at [1, 1] !
+</details>
+
+<details>
+  <summary>Element 8</summary>> Element 8 is at [1, 3] !
+</details>
+
+Well done!
+
+## Writing the code ✍️
+
+So luckily writing the code to access an element is very similar to our thought process above - we need the **row and column indexes** of the element we want to access!
+
+For example, if I wanted to access the element in the **first row** and **second column**, I would do the following:
+
+```
+int my_num = my_array[0][1];
+```
+
+This creates an integer variable called `my_num`, and assigns it the value of whatever element is stored at `my_array[0][1]`.
+
+Pretty easy right?
+
+### ✅ Now lets get started on **Editing** an element 😎
+
+<ArticleButtonContainer
+
+next="/articles/c-2d-arrays-4"
+nextName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 4 - Editing an element"
+
+prev="/articles/c-2d-arrays-2"
+prevName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 2 - Initialising a 2D Array"
+
+>
+
+</ArticleButtonContainer>

data/articles/c-2d-arrays-4.mdx

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+---
+title: 2D Arrays in C Tutorial 4
+date: 2023-04-14
+desc: Editing elements in a 2D Arrays
+tags:
+  - 'COMP1511'
+  - 'Exam Revision'
+  - '2D Arrays in C'
+author: William Huynh
+coverPhoto: '/images/generic/simon-abrams-k_T9Zj3SE8k-unsplash.jpg'
+---
+
+# Editing elements in a 2D Array ✏️
+
+## Preface 🐶
+
+So we've learnt how to access elements in an array, but whats also cool is that we can change those elements too!
+
+## Getting Started 🎉
+
+To edit an element in a 2D array you need **two** things!
+
+- The **row** index
+- The **column** index
+
+With those two things we can access and thus edit any element!
+
+> Remember that indexes start at `0`, so the **first row** and **first column** will have indexes of `0`.
+
+Say we have the following array:
+
+```
+int my_array[2][4] = {
+  {1, 2, 3, 4}, // First row
+  {5, 6, 7, 8} // Second row
+};
+```
+
+We know that to access element `2`, we can do the following:
+
+```
+int my_num = my_array[0][1];
+```
+
+Luckily, editing it is very similar!
+
+Let say we want to change the element at `[0][1]` to be 42, we can do the following:
+
+```
+my_array[0][1] = 42;
+```
+
+Pretty cool right?
+Onto the final topic we go!
+
+### ✅ Now lets get started on **Iterating** through an array 😎 Continue [here](iterating.md)!
+
+<ArticleButtonContainer
+
+next="/articles/c-2d-arrays-5"
+nextName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 5 - Iterating through a 2D Array"
+
+prev="/articles/c-2d-arrays-3"
+prevName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 3 - Accessing a 2D Array"
+
+>
+
+</ArticleButtonContainer>

data/articles/c-2d-arrays-5.mdx

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+---
+title: 2D Arrays in C Tutorial 5
+date: 2023-04-14
+desc: Iterating through a 2D Array
+tags:
+  - 'COMP1511'
+  - 'Exam Revision'
+  - '2D Arrays in C'
+author: William Huynh
+coverPhoto: '/images/lofi.jpg'
+---
+
+# Iterating through a 2D Array 🔁
+
+## Preface 🐶
+
+Whats the point of storing stuff in an array if we can access them all?
+Here we will learn how to iterate through a 2D array.
+
+## Getting Started 🎉
+
+To iterate through a 2D array you need:
+
+- A variable representing the **row** index
+- A variable representing the **column** index
+- A **nested for-loop**!
+
+> Remember that a nested for loop is a loop within a loop!
+
+So again, lets say we have the following array.
+
+```
+int my_array[2][4] = {
+  {1, 2, 3, 4}, // First row
+  {5, 6, 7, 8} // Second row
+};
+```
+
+How would we iterate through the elements and print them out?
+
+Well lets do it!
+
+```
+int row, col;
+for (row = 0; row < 2; row++) {
+    for (col = 0; col < 4; col++) {
+        printf("%d ", myArray[row][col]);
+    }
+    printf("\n");
+}
+```
+
+- The first loop runs through each row of the array, starting with row 0
+- Then for that specific row, the second for loop, runs through every column
+- Then for each column, we just print out the element!
+
+The result will be:
+
+```
+1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
+```
+
+And thats all!
+
+Congratulations, you are now a 2D Array King!
+
+<ArticleButtonContainer
+
+prev="/articles/c-2d-arrays-4"
+prevName="2D Arrays in C Tutorial 4 - Editing elements"
+
+>
+
+</ArticleButtonContainer>