-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathabstract.lyx
229 lines (182 loc) · 4.6 KB
/
abstract.lyx
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
#LyX 2.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
\lyxformat 413
\begin_document
\begin_header
\textclass article
\use_default_options true
\begin_modules
knitr
\end_modules
\maintain_unincluded_children false
\language english
\language_package default
\inputencoding auto
\fontencoding global
\font_roman default
\font_sans default
\font_typewriter default
\font_default_family default
\use_non_tex_fonts false
\font_sc false
\font_osf false
\font_sf_scale 100
\font_tt_scale 100
\graphics default
\default_output_format default
\output_sync 0
\bibtex_command default
\index_command default
\paperfontsize default
\spacing single
\use_hyperref false
\papersize default
\use_geometry false
\use_amsmath 1
\use_esint 1
\use_mhchem 1
\use_mathdots 1
\cite_engine basic
\use_bibtopic false
\use_indices false
\paperorientation portrait
\suppress_date false
\use_refstyle 1
\index Index
\shortcut idx
\color #008000
\end_index
\secnumdepth 3
\tocdepth 3
\paragraph_separation indent
\paragraph_indentation default
\quotes_language english
\papercolumns 1
\papersides 1
\paperpagestyle default
\tracking_changes false
\output_changes false
\html_math_output 0
\html_css_as_file 0
\html_be_strict false
\end_header
\begin_body
\begin_layout Standard
\align center
\begin_inset ERT
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
copyright
\end_layout
\end_inset
Copyright 2014
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
Peter B.
Meilstrup
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
newgeometry{left=1in,bottom=1in,right=1in,top=1in}
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\paragraph_spacing single
\align center
University of Washington
\begin_inset VSpace smallskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\paragraph_spacing single
\align center
\series bold
\size larger
Abstract
\series default
\size default
\begin_inset VSpace smallskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\paragraph_spacing single
\align center
Motion accumulates while movement disappears: spatial interactions in visual
motion
\begin_inset VSpace smallskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\paragraph_spacing single
\align center
Peter B.
Meilstrup
\begin_inset VSpace smallskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\paragraph_spacing single
\align center
Chair of the Supervisory Committee:
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
Professor Michael N.
Shadlen
\begin_inset Newline newline
\end_inset
Department of Physiology and Biophysics
\begin_inset VSpace smallskip
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\paragraph_spacing double
\align left
When objects move, they change position over time.
However, the mechanisms in human vision that could be capable of tracking
these changes in position are not well understood.
I constructed stimuli that combined a first-order carrier motion with a
position-defined envelope movement.
When viewed in the periphery, the appearance of motion was very sensitive
to changes in position of its envelope, regardless the amount of carrier
motion.
However, when multiple motion elements were placed close together, the
appearance of the stimulus came to be dominated by its carrier motion.
When elements were added, sensitivity to position-defined motion decreased
at the same time as the sensitivity to first-order motion increased; visual
clutter thus favors first-order motion over position-defined motion.
These effects are modeled in terms of two mechanisms that each contribute
to motion appearance.
The first-order mechanism sums motion over larger areas of space without
regard to their position; in the presence of clutter, it sums all signals
together.
The position-defined mechanism tracks the change in location of isolated
features; it cannot pool signals over space and works best with salient,
uncluttered objects.
This mechanism suffers crowding when flankers are introduced.
While first-order motion is understood in terms of spatiotemporal filtering,
position-defined motion might be viewed as a feature integration problem,
involving the comparison of successive positions over time.
These systems have a subtractive interaction that may serve to locate objects
that are moving differently from their background.
Complementary characteristics and limitations of the two systems each play
roles in the perception of moving objects.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset ERT
status open
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
restoregeometry
\end_layout
\begin_layout Plain Layout
\backslash
clearpage
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_layout
\end_body
\end_document