feat(client/v2): get keyring from context (backport #19646)

[mergify]

Description

Closes: #19645

ref: #19530 (comment) and 1. of #18310

I'll update Hubl after the client/v2 tag after this and #19618

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• reviewed "Files changed" and left comments if necessary
• included the necessary unit and integration tests
• added a changelog entry to CHANGELOG.md
• updated the relevant documentation or specification, including comments for documenting Go code
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Summary by CodeRabbit

• New Features

  • Introduced a feature to use keyring from the command context for improved security.
  • Enhanced transaction signing support with a keyring for AutoCLI.

• Improvements

  • Integrated latest version of cosmos-proto and improved version filtering.
  • Enums are now marshaled as strings in queries for better readability.
  • AutoCLI commands now utilize client context from the root command.

• Documentation

  • Updated README to clarify keyring usage and provide detailed examples for signing transactions.

• Refactor

  • Removed redundant keyring configurations from various components to streamline the codebase.

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This is an automatic backport of pull request #19646 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

[mergify]

Cherry-pick of ca195c1 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/release/v0.50.x/pr-19646
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/release/v0.50.x'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit ca195c152.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/address.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/binary.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/builder.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/coin.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/duration.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/enum.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/interface.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/json_message.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/list.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/map.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/messager_binder.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/flag/timestamp.go
	new file:   client/v2/autocli/keyring/keyring.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/msg_test.go
	modified:   client/v2/autocli/query_test.go
	modified:   simapp/simd/cmd/root_v2.go

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
	both modified:   client/v2/CHANGELOG.md
	both modified:   client/v2/README.md
	both modified:   client/v2/autocli/app.go
	both modified:   client/v2/autocli/common.go
	both modified:   client/v2/autocli/common_test.go
	deleted by us:   client/v2/autocli/flag/pubkey.go
	both modified:   client/v2/autocli/msg.go
	both modified:   simapp/simd/cmd/root.go

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

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[julienrbrt]

I'll fix the conflicts, test and tag afterwards