diff --git a/src/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapter.php b/src/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapter.php
index 44311281c..27b88fd37 100644
--- a/src/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapter.php
+++ b/src/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapter.php
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@
 
 namespace CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWT\Adapters;
 
+use CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWT\Exceptions\InvalidTokenException;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWT\JWSAdapterInterface;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Config\AuthJWT;
-use CodeIgniter\Shield\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
+use CodeIgniter\Shield\Exceptions\InvalidArgumentException as ShieldInvalidArgumentException;
+use CodeIgniter\Shield\Exceptions\LogicException;
 use DomainException;
 use Firebase\JWT\BeforeValidException;
 use Firebase\JWT\ExpiredException;
@@ -48,29 +50,40 @@ public static function decode(string $encodedToken, $keyset): stdClass
             return JWT::decode($encodedToken, $keys);
         } catch (InvalidArgumentException $e) {
             // provided key/key-array is empty or malformed.
-            throw new RuntimeException('Invalid JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            throw new ShieldInvalidArgumentException(
+                'Invalid Keyset: "' . $keyset . '". ' . $e->getMessage(),
+                0,
+                $e
+            );
         } catch (DomainException $e) {
             // provided algorithm is unsupported OR
             // provided key is invalid OR
             // unknown error thrown in openSSL or libsodium OR
             // libsodium is required but not available.
-            throw new RuntimeException('Invalid JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            throw new LogicException('Cannot decode JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
         } catch (SignatureInvalidException $e) {
             // provided JWT signature verification failed.
-            throw new RuntimeException('Invalid JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            throw InvalidTokenException::forInvalidToken($e);
         } catch (BeforeValidException $e) {
             // provided JWT is trying to be used before "nbf" claim OR
             // provided JWT is trying to be used before "iat" claim.
-            throw new RuntimeException('Expired JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            throw InvalidTokenException::forBeforeValidToken($e);
         } catch (ExpiredException $e) {
             // provided JWT is trying to be used after "exp" claim.
-            throw new RuntimeException('Expired JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            throw InvalidTokenException::forExpiredToken($e);
         } catch (UnexpectedValueException $e) {
             // provided JWT is malformed OR
             // provided JWT is missing an algorithm / using an unsupported algorithm OR
             // provided JWT algorithm does not match provided key OR
             // provided key ID in key/key-array is empty or invalid.
-            throw new RuntimeException('Invalid JWT: ' . $e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            log_message(
+                'error',
+                '[Shield] ' . class_basename(self::class) . '::' . __FUNCTION__
+                . '(' . __LINE__ . ') '
+                . get_class($e) . ': ' . $e->getMessage()
+            );
+
+            throw InvalidTokenException::forInvalidToken($e);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/Authentication/JWT/Exceptions/InvalidTokenException.php b/src/Authentication/JWT/Exceptions/InvalidTokenException.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b455dcfd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Authentication/JWT/Exceptions/InvalidTokenException.php
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWT\Exceptions;
+
+use CodeIgniter\Shield\Exceptions\ValidationException;
+use Exception;
+
+class InvalidTokenException extends ValidationException
+{
+    public static function forInvalidToken(Exception $e): self
+    {
+        return new self(lang('Auth.invalidJWT'), 1, $e);
+    }
+
+    public static function forExpiredToken(Exception $e): self
+    {
+        return new self(lang('Auth.expiredJWT'), 2, $e);
+    }
+
+    public static function forBeforeValidToken(Exception $e): self
+    {
+        return new self(lang('Auth.beforeValidJWT'), 3, $e);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Language/de/Auth.php b/src/Language/de/Auth.php
index 8e2c2476f..a681516bd 100644
--- a/src/Language/de/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/de/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Leider gab es ein Problem beim Senden der E-Mail. Wir konnten keine E-Mail an "{0}" senden.',
     'throttled'             => 'Es wurden zu viele Anfragen von dieser IP-Adresse gestellt. Sie können es in {0} Sekunden erneut versuchen.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Sie haben nicht die erforderliche Berechtigung, um den gewünschten Vorgang auszuführen.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'E-Mail-Adresse',
     'username'        => 'Benutzername',
diff --git a/src/Language/en/Auth.php b/src/Language/en/Auth.php
index 306c233d5..363fd4af7 100644
--- a/src/Language/en/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/en/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Sorry, there was a problem sending the email. We could not send an email to "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Too many requests made from this IP address. You may try again in {0} seconds.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'You do not have the necessary permission to perform the desired operation.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => 'The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => 'The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => 'The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Email Address',
     'username'        => 'Username',
diff --git a/src/Language/es/Auth.php b/src/Language/es/Auth.php
index bd99cb003..2cf2c6211 100644
--- a/src/Language/es/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/es/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Lo siento, hubo un problema al enviar el correo electrónico. No pudimos enviar un correo electrónico a "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Se han realizado demasiadas solicitudes desde esta dirección IP. Puedes intentarlo de nuevo en {0} segundos.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'No tienes los permisos necesarios para realizar la operación deseada.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Correo Electrónico',
     'username'        => 'Nombre de usuario',
diff --git a/src/Language/fa/Auth.php b/src/Language/fa/Auth.php
index b3d8e4fe5..ba2fe9c7d 100644
--- a/src/Language/fa/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/fa/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'متاسفانه, در ارسال ایمیل مشکلی پیش آمد. ما نتوانستیم ایمیلی را به "{0}" ارسال کنیم.',
     'throttled'             => 'درخواست های بسیار زیادی از این آدرس IP انجام شده است. می توانید بعد از {0} ثانیه دوباره امتحان کنید.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'شما مجوز لازم برای انجام عملیات مورد نظر را ندارید.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'آدرس ایمیل',
     'username'        => 'نام کاربری',
diff --git a/src/Language/fr/Auth.php b/src/Language/fr/Auth.php
index 50c56881a..b43a354b0 100644
--- a/src/Language/fr/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/fr/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Désolé, il y a eu un problème lors de l\'envoi de l\'email. Nous ne pouvons pas envoyer un email à "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Trop de requêtes faites depuis cette adresse IP. Vous pouvez réessayer dans {0} secondes.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Vous n\'avez pas l\'autorisation nécessaire pour effectuer l\'opération souhaitée.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Adresse email',
     'username'        => 'Identifiant',
diff --git a/src/Language/id/Auth.php b/src/Language/id/Auth.php
index ada97cf22..f2be28a35 100644
--- a/src/Language/id/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/id/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Maaf, ada masalah saat mengirim email. Kami tidak dapat mengirim email ke "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Terlalu banyak permintaan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini. Anda dapat mencoba lagi dalam {0} detik.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Anda tidak memiliki izin yang diperlukan untuk melakukan operasi yang diinginkan.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Alamat Email',
     'username'        => 'Nama Pengguna',
diff --git a/src/Language/it/Auth.php b/src/Language/it/Auth.php
index f517ac988..af2b41e24 100644
--- a/src/Language/it/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/it/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Spiacente, c\'è stato un problema inviando l\'email. Non possiamo inviare un\'email a "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Troppe richieste effettuate da questo indirizzo IP. Potrai riprovare tra {0} secondi.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Non si dispone dell\'autorizzazione necessaria per eseguire l\'operazione desiderata.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Indirizzo Email',
     'username'        => 'Nome Utente',
diff --git a/src/Language/ja/Auth.php b/src/Language/ja/Auth.php
index e1d4870be..8d1ec4574 100644
--- a/src/Language/ja/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/ja/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => '申し訳ありませんが、メールの送信に問題がありました。 "{0}"にメールを送信できませんでした。', // 'Sorry, there was a problem sending the email. We could not send an email to "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'このIPアドレスからのリクエストが多すぎます。 {0}秒後に再試行できます。', // Too many requests made from this IP address. You may try again in {0} seconds.
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => '目的の操作を実行するために必要な権限がありません。', // You do not have the necessary permission to perform the desired operation.
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'メールアドレス', // 'Email Address',
     'username'        => 'ユーザー名', // 'Username',
diff --git a/src/Language/pt-BR/Auth.php b/src/Language/pt-BR/Auth.php
index 4a9c6cbf4..e98ff1745 100644
--- a/src/Language/pt-BR/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/pt-BR/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Desculpe, houve um problema ao enviar o email. Não pudemos enviar um email para {0}.',
     'throttled'             => 'Muitas solicitações feitas a partir deste endereço IP. Você pode tentar novamente em {0} segundos.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Você não tem a permissão necessária para realizar a operação desejada.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Endereço de Email',
     'username'        => 'Nome de usuário',
diff --git a/src/Language/pt/Auth.php b/src/Language/pt/Auth.php
index 4a9057c3e..a5cfa8492 100644
--- a/src/Language/pt/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/pt/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Desculpe, houve um problema ao enviar o email. Não pudemos enviar um email para {0}.',
     'throttled'             => 'Muitas solicitações feitas a partir deste endereço IP. Pode tentar novamente em {0} segundos.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Não tem a permissão necessária para realizar a operação desejada.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Endereço de Email',
     'username'        => 'Nome de utilizador',
diff --git a/src/Language/sk/Auth.php b/src/Language/sk/Auth.php
index 3617e0560..3424e88c4 100644
--- a/src/Language/sk/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/sk/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Ľutujeme, pri odosielaní e-mailu sa vyskytol problém. Nepodarilo sa nám odoslať e-mail na adresu „{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Z tejto adresy IP bolo odoslaných príliš veľa žiadostí. Môžete to skúsiť znova o {0} sekúnd.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Nemáte potrebné povolenie na vykonanie požadovanej operácie.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Emailová adresa',
     'username'        => 'Používateľské meno',
diff --git a/src/Language/sr/Auth.php b/src/Language/sr/Auth.php
index 22b2ecb5d..6c8e71f01 100644
--- a/src/Language/sr/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/sr/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Žao nam je ali slanje email poruke nije moguće. Nismo u mogućnosti poslati poruku na "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'Preveliki broj zahteva sa vaše IP adrese. Možete pokušati ponovo za {0} secondi.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Nemate dovoljan nivo autorizacije za zahtevanu akciju.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'E-mail Adresa',
     'username'        => 'Korisničko ime',
diff --git a/src/Language/sv-SE/Auth.php b/src/Language/sv-SE/Auth.php
index 7176f650a..a37b09665 100644
--- a/src/Language/sv-SE/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/sv-SE/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Det var inte möjligt att skicka epost. Det gick inte att skicka till "{0}".',
     'throttled'             => 'För många anrop från denna IP-adress. Du kan försöka igen om {0} sekunder.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'Du har inte nödvändiga rättigheter för detta kommando.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'Epostadress',
     'username'        => 'Användarnamn',
diff --git a/src/Language/tr/Auth.php b/src/Language/tr/Auth.php
index 48c7a247f..57f515e31 100644
--- a/src/Language/tr/Auth.php
+++ b/src/Language/tr/Auth.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@
     'unableSendEmailToUser' => 'Üzgünüz, e-posta gönderilirken bir sorun oluştu. "{0}" adresine e-posta gönderemedik.',
     'throttled'             => 'Bu IP adresinden çok fazla istek yapıldı. {0} saniye sonra tekrar deneyebilirsiniz.',
     'notEnoughPrivilege'    => 'İstediğiniz işlemi gerçekleştirmek için gerekli izne sahip değilsiniz.',
+    // JWT Exceptions
+    'invalidJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token is invalid.',
+    'expiredJWT'     => '(To be translated) The token has expired.',
+    'beforeValidJWT' => '(To be translated) The token is not yet available.',
 
     'email'           => 'E-posta Adresi',
     'username'        => 'Kullanıcı Adı',
diff --git a/tests/Authentication/Authenticators/JWTAuthenticatorTest.php b/tests/Authentication/Authenticators/JWTAuthenticatorTest.php
index 56972f4fb..f9be47533 100644
--- a/tests/Authentication/Authenticators/JWTAuthenticatorTest.php
+++ b/tests/Authentication/Authenticators/JWTAuthenticatorTest.php
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public function testCheckBadSignatureToken(): void
         $result = $this->auth->check(['token' => self::BAD_JWT]);
 
         $this->assertFalse($result->isOK());
-        $this->assertSame('Invalid JWT: Signature verification failed', $result->reason());
+        $this->assertSame(lang('Auth.invalidJWT'), $result->reason());
     }
 
     public function testCheckNoSubToken(): void
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public function testCheckOldToken(): void
         $result = $this->auth->check(['token' => $token]);
 
         $this->assertFalse($result->isOK());
-        $this->assertSame('Expired JWT: Expired token', $result->reason());
+        $this->assertSame(lang('Auth.expiredJWT'), $result->reason());
     }
 
     public function testCheckNoUserInDatabase(): void
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public function testAttemptBadSignatureToken(): void
 
         $this->assertInstanceOf(Result::class, $result);
         $this->assertFalse($result->isOK());
-        $this->assertSame('Invalid JWT: Signature verification failed', $result->reason());
+        $this->assertSame(lang('Auth.invalidJWT'), $result->reason());
 
         // A login attempt should have always been recorded
         $this->seeInDatabase('auth_token_logins', [
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapaterTest.php b/tests/Unit/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapaterTest.php
index 176d3e886..06c8d69d4 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapaterTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Authentication/JWT/Adapters/FirebaseAdapaterTest.php
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
 
 use CodeIgniter\I18n\Time;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWT\Adapters\FirebaseAdapter;
+use CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWT\Exceptions\InvalidTokenException;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Authentication\JWTManager;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Config\AuthJWT;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Entities\User;
-use CodeIgniter\Shield\Exceptions\RuntimeException;
 use CodeIgniter\Shield\Models\UserModel;
 use Tests\Support\TestCase;
 
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ public static function generateJWT(?Time $clock = null): string
 
     public function testDecodeSignatureInvalidException(): void
     {
-        $this->expectException(RuntimeException::class);
-        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Invalid JWT: Signature verification failed');
+        $this->expectException(InvalidTokenException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage(lang('Auth.invalidJWT'));
 
         $jwtDecoder = new FirebaseAdapter();
 
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ public function testDecodeSignatureInvalidException(): void
 
     public function testDecodeExpiredException(): void
     {
-        $this->expectException(RuntimeException::class);
-        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Expired JWT: Expired token');
+        $this->expectException(InvalidTokenException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage(lang('Auth.expiredJWT'));
 
         $jwtDecoder = new FirebaseAdapter();