BUILDING.txt

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$Id$

            ====================================================
            Building The Apache Tomcat @VERSION_MAJOR_MINOR@ Servlet/JSP Container
            ====================================================

This subproject contains the source code for Tomcat @VERSION_MAJOR_MINOR@, a container that
implements the Servlet 3.1, JSP 2.3, EL 3.0 and WebSocket 1.0 specifications
from the Java Community Process <http://www.jcp.org/>.

Note: If you just need to run Apache Tomcat, it is not necessary to build
it. You may simply download a binary distribution. It is cross-platform.
Read RUNNING.txt for the instruction on how to run it.

In order to build a binary distribution version of Apache Tomcat from a
source distribution, do the following:


(1) Download and Install a Java Development Kit

 1. If the JDK is already installed, skip to (2).

 2. Download a version 7 of Java Development Kit (JDK) release (use the
    latest update available for your chosen version) from one of:

        http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
        http://openjdk.java.net/install/index.html
        or another JDK vendor.

    Note regarding later versions of Java:

      As documented elsewhere, one of components in Apache Tomcat includes
      a private copy of the Apache Commons DBCP library. The source code
      for this library is downloaded, processed by the build script
      (renaming the packages) and compiled.

      Due to changes in JDBC interfaces implemented by the library between
      versions of Java SE specification, the library has to target specific
      version of Java and can be compiled only with the JDK version
      implementing this version of specification.

      See Apache Commons DBCP project web site for more details on
      available versions of the library and its requirements,

        http://commons.apache.org/dbcp/

      If you really want to use a later version of JDK to build Tomcat,
      several workarounds are possible. One of them is to skip building
      the component (tomcat-dbcp.jar).

 3. Install the JDK according to the instructions included with the release.

 4. Set an environment variable JAVA_HOME to the pathname of the directory
    into which you installed the JDK release.


(2) Install Apache Ant 1.8.x on your computer

 1. If Apache Ant 1.8.x is already installed on your computer, skip to (3).

 2. Download a binary distribution of Ant 1.8.x from:

        http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi

 3. Unpack the binary distribution into a convenient location so that the
    Ant release resides in its own directory (conventionally named
    "apache-ant-[version]").

    For the purposes of the remainder of this document, the symbolic name
    "${ant.home}" is used to refer to the full pathname of the release
    directory.

 4. Create an ANT_HOME environment variable to point the directory
    ${ant.home}.

 5. Modify the PATH environment variable to include the directory
    ${ant.home}/bin in its list.  This makes the "ant" command line script
    available, which will be used to actually perform the build.


(3) Building Tomcat @VERSION_MAJOR_MINOR@

(3.1) Checkout or obtain the source code for Tomcat @VERSION_MAJOR_MINOR@

Checkout the source using SVN, selecting a tag for released version or
trunk for the current development code, or download and unpack a source
package.

 *  Tomcat SVN repository URL:

        http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc@VERSION_MAJOR_MINOR@.x/trunk/

 *  Source packages can be downloaded from:

        http://tomcat.apache.org/download-@VERSION_MAJOR@0.cgi

The location where the source has been placed will be further referred as
${tomcat.source}.

(3.2) Building

 1. The build is controlled by creating a ${tomcat.source}/build.properties
    file.

    It is recommended to always create the file, because of unfortunate
    default value of base.path property. You may start with the following
    content for the file:

        # ----- Default Base Path for Dependent Packages -----
        # Replace this path with the directory path where dependencies binaries
        # should be downloaded
        base.path=/home/me/some-place-to-download-to

 2. Configure base.path property by adding it to the
    ${tomcat.source}/build.properties file.

    The base.path property specifies the place where Tomcat dependencies
    required by the build are downloaded. It is recommended to place this
    directory outside of the source tree, so that you do not waste your
    time re-downloading the libraries.

* WARNING: The default value of base.path property makes the build script
  to download libraries required to build Tomcat to the /usr/share/java
  directory. On a typical Linux or MacOX system an ordinary user will not
  have access to write to this directory. Even if you do have access to
  that directory, it is likely not appropriate for you to write there.

  On Windows this usually corresponds to the "C:\usr\share\java"
  directory, unless Cygwin is used.

* NOTE: Users accessing the Internet through a proxy must use the properties
  file to indicate to Ant the proxy configuration.

  The following properties should be added to the ${tomcat.source}/build.properties
  file.

        proxy.use=on
        proxy.host=proxy.domain
        proxy.port=8080
        proxy.user=username
        proxy.password=password

  See Apache Ant documentation for the <setproxy> task for details.

 3. Go to the sources directory and run Ant:

        cd ${tomcat.source}
        ant

    This will execute the "deploy" target in build.xml.

    Once the build has completed successfully, a usable Tomcat installation
    will have been produced in the ${tomcat.source}/output/build directory,
    and can be started and stopped with the usual scripts.

    Note that the build includes Tomcat documentation, which can be found
    in the output/build/webapps/docs directory.

    The path of the output directory can be controlled by specifying the
    "tomcat.output" property in the build.properties file.

* NOTE: Do not run the build as the root user. Building and running Tomcat
  does not require root privileges.


(4) Updating sources and rebuilding

It is recommended that you regularly update the downloaded Tomcat @VERSION_MAJOR_MINOR@
sources using your SVN client.

For a quick rebuild of only modified code you can use:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant


(5) Special builds

There are several targets in Tomcat build files that are useful to be
called separately. They build components that you may want to build
quickly, or ones that are included in the full release and are not built
during the default "deploy" build.

(5.1) Building documentation

The documentation web application is built during the default "deploy"
build.

It can be built quickly by using the following commands:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant build-docs

The output of this command will be found in the following directory:

    output/build/webapps/docs


The API documentation (Javadoc) is built during a "release" build. It is
easy to build it separately by using the following commands:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant javadoc

The output of this command will be found in the following directories:

    output/dist/webapps/docs/api
    output/dist/webapps/docs/elapi
    output/dist/webapps/docs/jspapi
    output/dist/webapps/docs/servletapi


(5.2) Building the extras (commons-logging, webservices etc.)

These components are documented on the "Additional Components"
(extras.html) page of documentation. They are built during a "release"
build.

You can build them by using the following commands:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant extras

(5.3) Building the embedded packages

These are built during a "release" build.

You can build them by using the following commands:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant embed


(6) Building a full release (as provided via the ASF download pages)

    A full release includes the Windows installer which requires a Windows
    environment to be available to create it. If not building in a Windows
    environment, the build scripts assume that WINE is available. If this is not
    the case, the skip.installer property may be set to skip the creation of the
    Windows installer.

 1. Configure GPG, if needed

    If the released artifacts have to be cryptographically signed with a
    PGP signature, like the official ASF releases are, the following
    property can be added to the build.properties file:

        # Location of GPG executable (used only for releases)
        gpg.exec=/path/to/gpg

    You do not need it if you do not plan to sign the release.

    If "gpg.exec" property does not point to an existing file, it will be
    ignored and this feature will be disabled.

    You will be prompted for the GPG passphrase when the release build
    starts, unless "gpg.passphrase" property is set.

 2. Build the release:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant release


(7) Tests

(7.1) Running Tomcat tests

Tomcat includes a number of junit tests. The tests are not run when a
release is built. There is separate command to run them.

To run the testsuite use the following command:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant test

It is advisable to redirect output of the above command to a file for later
inspection.

The JUnit reports generated by the tests will be written to the following
directory:

    output/build/logs

By default the testsuite is run three times to test 3 different
implementations of Tomcat connectors: BIO, NIO and APR. (If you are not
familiar with Tomcat connectors, see config/http.html in documentation for
details).

The 3 runs are enabled and disabled individually by the following
properties, which all are "true" by default:

    execute.test.bio=true
    execute.test.nio=true
    execute.test.apr=true

The APR connector can be tested only if Tomcat-Native library binaries are
found by the testsuite. The "test.apr.loc" property specifies the directory
where the library binaries are located.

By default the "test.apr.loc" property specifies the following location:

    output/build/bin/native/

If you are on Windows and want to test the APR connector you can put the
tcnative-1.dll file into ${tomcat.source}/bin/native/ and it will be copied
into the above directory when the build runs.

The unit tests include tests of the clustering functionality which require
multicast to be enabled. There is a simple application provided in the Tomcat
test source (org.apache.catalina.tribes.TesterMulticast) that can be used to
check if a machine supports multicast. Notes on enabling multicast for different
operating systems are provided in the Javadoc for that class.


(7.2) Running a single test

It is possible to run a single JUnit test class by adding the "test.entry"
property to the build.properties file. The property specifies the name of
the test class.

For example:

    test.entry=org.apache.catalina.util.TestServerInfo


(7.3) Other configuration options

 1. It is possible to enable generation of access log file when the tests
 are run. This is off by default and can be enabled by the following
 property:

        test.accesslog=true

 The "access_log.<date>" file will be written to the same directory as
 JUnit reports,

        output/build/logs

 2. The testsuite respects logging configuration as configured by
 ${tomcat.source}/conf/logging.properties

 The log files will be written to the temporary directory used by the
 tests,

        output/test-tmp/logs

 3. It is possible to configure formatter used by JUnit reports. For
 example the following property disables generation of separate report
 files:

        junit.formatter.usefile=false

 4. Optional support is provided for the Cobertura code coverage tool. It
 can be enabled using the following property:

        test.cobertura=true

* NOTE: Cobertura is licensed under GPL v2 with parts of it being under
  Apache License v1.1. See http://cobertura.sf.net for details. Using it
  during Tomcat build is optional and is off by default.


(8) Source code checks

(8.1) Checkstyle

* NOTE: Checkstyle is licensed under LGPL. Using Checkstyle during Tomcat
  build is optional and is off by default.

Tomcat comes with a Checkstyle configuration that tests its source code
for certain conventions, like presence of the license header.

To enable Checkstyle, add the following property to build.properties file:

    execute.validate=true

Once Checkstyle is enabled, the check will be performed automatically
during the build. The check is run before compilation of the source code.

To speed-up repeated runs of this check, a cache is configured. The cache
is located in the following directory:

    output/res/checkstyle

It is possible to run the check separately by invoking the "validate"
target. The command is:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant -Dexecute.validate=true validate


(8.2) End-of-line conventions check

You usually would not need to run this check. You can skip this section.

Apache Tomcat project has convention that all of its textual source files,
stored in Subversion repository, are marked with Subversion property
"svn:eol-style" with value of "native". This convention makes the editing
of source code on different platforms easier.

This test is used by developers to check that the source code adheres to
this convention. It verifies that the ends of lines in textual files are
appropriate for the operating system where it is run. The idea is to run
this check regularly on two different platforms and notify developers when
an inconsistency is detected.

The command to run this test is:

    cd ${tomcat.source}
    ant validate-eoln