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License Project Status: Active – The project has reached a stable, usable state and is being actively developed.

About ByteDance-HIDS Driver

English | 简体中文

ByteDance-HIDS Driver 主要是为信息安全需求而设计的。

ByteDance-HIDS Driver 主要通过Kprobe Hook Kernel Funcion 来提供丰富而准确的数据收集功能，包括内核级进程执行探测，特权升级监控，网络审计等等。 并且支持Linux namespace，因此对容器监控有着很好的实现。与传统的UserSpace HIDS相比，ByteDance-HIDS由于驱动的存在提供了更全面的信息，并提高了性能。

ByteDance-HIDS已经在生产环境大规模部署。

凭借其出色的数据收集能力，ByteDance-HIDS Driver还可以支持沙盒，蜜罐和审计等需求。

快速测试

首先需要安装Linux Headers

git clone https://github.com/bytedance/ByteDance-HIDS.git
cd ByteDance-HIDS/driver/LKM/
make clean && make
insmod hids_driver.ko
dmesg
cat /proc/hids_driver/1
rmmod hids_driver

关于Linux发行版的兼容性

  • 在 Centos, Debian, Ubuntu 上充分测试过

关于ARM兼容性

  • 部分能力支持

关于Linux Kernel Version兼容性

  • Linux Kernel Version >= 3.10

关于容器兼容性

Source Nodename
Host hostname
Docker container name
k8s pod name

Hook List

Hook DataType Note Default
connect 42 ON
bind 49 ON
execve 59 ON
create file 602 ON
ptrace 101 only PTRACE_POKETEXT or PTRACE_POKEDATA ON
dns queny 601 ON
init kernel module 603 ON
update cred 604 only old uid ≠0 && new uid == 0 ON
rename 82 OFF
link 86 OFF
setsid 112 OFF
prctl 157 only PS_SET_NAME OFF
open 2 OFF
mprotect 10 only PROT_EXEC OFF
nanosleep 35 OFF
kill 62 OFF
tkill 200 OFF
process exit 60 OFF
exit group 231 OFF
rmdir 606 OFF
unlink 605 OFF

Anti Rootkit List

Rootkit DataType Default
interrupt table hook 703 ON
syscall table hook 701 ON
proc file hook 700 ON
hidden kernel module 702 ON

关于驱动数据传输

驱动数据协议

字段间使用'\x1e'作为间隔符

数据间使用'\x17'作为间隔符

数据通常是公共数据和私有数据组合而成，值得注意的是Anti-rootkit数据不具有公共数据。

公共数据

------------------------------------------------------------------
|1  |2        |3  |4  |5   |6   |7   |8  |9   |10      |11       |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
|uid|data_type|exe|pid|ppid|pgid|tgid|sid|comm|nodename|sessionid|
------------------------------------------------------------------

Connect Data

------------------------------------------------
|12          |13       |14 |15   |16 |17   |18 |
------------------------------------------------
|connect_type|sa_family|dip|dport|sip|sport|res|
------------------------------------------------

Note: Connect_type 在默认情况下为 -1

Bind Data

-------------------------
|12       |13 |14   |15 |
-------------------------
|sa_family|sip|sport|res|
-------------------------

Execve Data

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|12        |13  |14      |15      |16   |17    |18 |19   |20 |21   |22       |23      |24 |25        |26 |27        |28 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|socket_exe|argv|run_path|pgid_exe|stdin|stdout|dip|dport|sip|sport|sa_family|pid_tree|tty|socket_pid|ssh|ld_preload|res|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note:

  • socket_exe/dip/dport/sip/sport/sa_family 来自于进程所持fd信息

  • ssh/ld_preload 来自于进程的环境变量信息

Create File data

-----------
|12 	  |
-----------
|file_path|
-----------

Ptrace

----------------------------------------------
|12            |13        |14  |15  |16      |
----------------------------------------------
|ptrace_request|target_pid|addr|data|pid_tree|
----------------------------------------------

Dns Query Data

-----------------------------------------------------
|12   |13       |14 |15   |16 |17   |18|19    |20   |
-----------------------------------------------------
|query|sa_family|dip|dport|sip|sport|qr|opcode|rcode|
-----------------------------------------------------

Init Kernel Module Data

----------------------------
|12      |13      |14      | 
----------------------------
|mod_info|pid_tree|run_path|
----------------------------

Update Cred Data

----------------------
|12      |13     |14 | 
----------------------
|pid_tree|old_uid|res|
----------------------

Rename Data

----------------------------
|12      |13      |14      | 
----------------------------
|run_path|old_name|new_name|
----------------------------

Link Data

----------------------------
|12      |13      |14      | 
----------------------------
|run_path|old_name|new_name|
----------------------------

Setsid Data

该数据没有私有数据，仅有公共数据

Prctl Data

_________________
|12    |13      | 
-----------------
|option|new_name|
-----------------

Open Data

---------------------
|12   |13  |14      | 
---------------------
|flags|mode|filename|
---------------------

Mprotect data

-----------------------------------------------------
|12           |13       |14        |15     |16      |
-----------------------------------------------------
|mprotect_prot|owner_pid|owner_file|vm_file|pid_tree|
-----------------------------------------------------

Nanosleep Data

----------
|12 |13  |
----------
|sec|nsec|
----------

Kill Data

----------------
|12        |13 |
----------------
|target_pid|sig|
----------------

Tkill data

----------------
|12        |13 |
----------------
|target_pid|sig|
----------------

Process Exit Data

该数据没有私有数据，仅有公共数据

Exit Group Data

该数据没有私有数据，仅有公共数据

Rmdir Data

------
|12  |
------
|file|
------

Unlink Data

------
|12  |
------
|file|
------

Interrupt Table Hook Data

---------------------------------------------------
|1  |2        |3          |4     |5               |
---------------------------------------------------
|uid|data_type|module_name|hidden|interrupt_number|
---------------------------------------------------

Note: uid 为 -1

Syscall Able Hook Data

-------------------------------------------------
|1  |2        |3          |4     |5             |
-------------------------------------------------
|uid|data_type|module_name|hidden|syscall_number|
-------------------------------------------------

Note: uid 为 -1

Proc File Hook

----------------------------------
|1  |2        |3          |4     |
----------------------------------
|uid|data_type|module_name|hidden|
----------------------------------

Note: uid 为 -1

Hidden Kernel Module Data

----------------------------------
|1  |2        |3          |4     |
----------------------------------
|uid|data_type|module_name|hidden|
----------------------------------

Note: uid 为 -1

关于Driver Filter

ByteDance-HIDS驱动程序支持白名单以过滤出不需要的数据。 我们提供两种类型的白名单，'exe'白名单和'argv'白名单。 'exe'白名单作用于execve /create filte/ dns query/connect hook，而'argv'白名单仅作用于execve hook 。 出于性能和稳定性方面的考虑，‘exe’和‘argv’白名单容量为64。

白名单的字符串驱动位于: /dev/hids_driver_allowlist

Operations Flag Example
ADD_EXECVE_EXE_SHITELIST Y(89) echo Y/bin/ls > /dev/someone_allowlist
DEL_EXECVE_EXE_SHITELIST F(70) echo Y/bin/ls > /dev/someone_allowlist
DEL_ALL_EXECVE_EXE_SHITELIST w(119) echo w/del_all > /dev/someone_allowlist
EXECVE_EXE_CHECK y(121) echo y/bin/ls > /dev/someone_allowlist && dmesg
ADD_EXECVE_ARGV_SHITELIST m(109) echo m/bin/ls -l > /dev/someone_allowlist
DEL_EXECVE_ARGV_SHITELIST J(74) echo J/bin/ls -l > /dev/someone_allowlist
DEL_ALL_EXECVE_ARGV_SHITELIST u(117) echo u/del_all > /dev/someone_allowlist
EXECVE_ARGV_CHECK z(122) echo z/bin/ls -l > /dev/someone_allowlist && dmesg
PRINT_ALL_ALLOWLIST .(46) echo ./print_all > /dev/someone_allowlist && dmesg

Filter define is:

#define ADD_EXECVE_EXE_SHITELIST 89
#define DEL_EXECVE_EXE_SHITELIST 70
#define DEL_ALL_EXECVE_EXE_SHITELIST 119
#define EXECVE_EXE_CHECK 121
#define PRINT_ALL_ALLOWLIST 46
#define ADD_EXECVE_ARGV_SHITELIST 109
#define DEL_EXECVE_ARGV_SHITELIST 74
#define DEL_ALL_EXECVE_ARGV_SHITELIST 117
#define EXECVE_ARGV_CHECK 122

关于ByteDance-HIDS Driver 性能

Testing Environment(VM):

CPU Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8260 CPU @ 2.40GHz 8 Core
RAM 16GB
OS/Kernel Debian9 / Kernel Version 4.14

Testing Load:

syscall ltp
connect ./runltp -f syscalls -s connect -t 5m
bind ./runltp -f syscalls -s ptrace -t 5m
execve ./runltp -f syscalls -s execve -t 5m
security_inode_create ./runltp -f syscalls -s open -t 5m
ptrace ./runltp -f syscalls -s ptrace -t 5m

Key kprobe Handler Testing Result(90s)

hook function name Average Delay(us) TP99(us) TP95(us) TP90(us)
connect_syscall_handler 0.7454 3.5017 1.904 1.43
connect_syscall_entry_handler 0.0675 0.3 0.163 0.1149
udp_recvmsg_handler 9.1290 68.7043 18.5357 15.9528
udp_recvmsg_entry_handler 0.5882 7.5631 0.7811 0.3665
bind_handler 2.2558 10.0525 8.1996 7.041
bind_entry_handler 0.4704 1.0180 0.8234 0.6739
execve_entry_handler 6.9262 12.2824 9.437 8.638
execve_handler 15.2102 36.0903 25.9272 23.068
security_inode_create_pre_handler 1.5523 7.9454 5.5806 3.1441
ptrace_pre_handler 0.2039 0.4648 0.254 0.228

udp_recvmsg_handler 仅工作在端口为 53 或 5353的情况

测试原始数据:Benchmark Data

关于部署

可以使用DKMS或者提前编译好ko文件然后进行下发

  • install driver: insmod hids_driver.ko
  • remove driver: first you need kill userspace agent and rmmod hids_driver.ko

License

ByteDance-HIDS kernel module are distributed under the GNU GPLv2 license.