diff --git a/cmd/geth/main.go b/cmd/geth/main.go
index 5eb8fa4146..3a041fcc3a 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/main.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/main.go
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ var (
 		utils.TxPoolGlobalSlotsFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolAccountQueueFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolGlobalQueueFlag,
-		utils.TxPoolOverflowPoolSlotsFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolLifetimeFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolReannounceTimeFlag,
 		utils.BlobPoolDataDirFlag,
diff --git a/cmd/utils/flags.go b/cmd/utils/flags.go
index f3aab43d70..207628c161 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/flags.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/flags.go
@@ -458,12 +458,6 @@ var (
 		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.TxPool.GlobalQueue,
 		Category: flags.TxPoolCategory,
 	}
-	TxPoolOverflowPoolSlotsFlag = &cli.Uint64Flag{
-		Name:     "txpool.overflowpoolslots",
-		Usage:    "Maximum number of transaction slots in overflow pool",
-		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.TxPool.OverflowPoolSlots,
-		Category: flags.TxPoolCategory,
-	}
 	TxPoolLifetimeFlag = &cli.DurationFlag{
 		Name:     "txpool.lifetime",
 		Usage:    "Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued",
@@ -1795,9 +1789,6 @@ func setTxPool(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *legacypool.Config) {
 	if ctx.IsSet(TxPoolGlobalQueueFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.GlobalQueue = ctx.Uint64(TxPoolGlobalQueueFlag.Name)
 	}
-	if ctx.IsSet(TxPoolOverflowPoolSlotsFlag.Name) {
-		cfg.OverflowPoolSlots = ctx.Uint64(TxPoolOverflowPoolSlotsFlag.Name)
-	}
 	if ctx.IsSet(TxPoolLifetimeFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.Lifetime = ctx.Duration(TxPoolLifetimeFlag.Name)
 	}
@@ -2319,17 +2310,16 @@ func EnableNodeInfo(poolConfig *legacypool.Config, nodeInfo *p2p.NodeInfo) Setup
 	return func() {
 		// register node info into metrics
 		metrics.NewRegisteredLabel("node-info", nil).Mark(map[string]interface{}{
-			"Enode":             nodeInfo.Enode,
-			"ENR":               nodeInfo.ENR,
-			"ID":                nodeInfo.ID,
-			"PriceLimit":        poolConfig.PriceLimit,
-			"PriceBump":         poolConfig.PriceBump,
-			"AccountSlots":      poolConfig.AccountSlots,
-			"GlobalSlots":       poolConfig.GlobalSlots,
-			"AccountQueue":      poolConfig.AccountQueue,
-			"GlobalQueue":       poolConfig.GlobalQueue,
-			"OverflowPoolSlots": poolConfig.OverflowPoolSlots,
-			"Lifetime":          poolConfig.Lifetime,
+			"Enode":        nodeInfo.Enode,
+			"ENR":          nodeInfo.ENR,
+			"ID":           nodeInfo.ID,
+			"PriceLimit":   poolConfig.PriceLimit,
+			"PriceBump":    poolConfig.PriceBump,
+			"AccountSlots": poolConfig.AccountSlots,
+			"GlobalSlots":  poolConfig.GlobalSlots,
+			"AccountQueue": poolConfig.AccountQueue,
+			"GlobalQueue":  poolConfig.GlobalQueue,
+			"Lifetime":     poolConfig.Lifetime,
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool.go b/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool.go
index 0d5a1fb183..91cd01e7b4 100644
--- a/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool.go
+++ b/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool.go
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ package legacypool
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"math"
 	"math/big"
 	"sort"
@@ -100,11 +99,10 @@ var (
 	// that this number is pretty low, since txpool reorgs happen very frequently.
 	dropBetweenReorgHistogram = metrics.NewRegisteredHistogram("txpool/dropbetweenreorg", nil, metrics.NewExpDecaySample(1028, 0.015))
 
-	pendingGauge      = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/pending", nil)
-	queuedGauge       = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/queued", nil)
-	localGauge        = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/local", nil)
-	slotsGauge        = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/slots", nil)
-	OverflowPoolGauge = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/overflowpool", nil)
+	pendingGauge = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/pending", nil)
+	queuedGauge  = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/queued", nil)
+	localGauge   = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/local", nil)
+	slotsGauge   = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("txpool/slots", nil)
 
 	reheapTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("txpool/reheap", nil)
 )
@@ -135,11 +133,10 @@ type Config struct {
 	PriceLimit uint64 // Minimum gas price to enforce for acceptance into the pool
 	PriceBump  uint64 // Minimum price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction (nonce)
 
-	AccountSlots      uint64 // Number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account
-	GlobalSlots       uint64 // Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts
-	AccountQueue      uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account
-	GlobalQueue       uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts
-	OverflowPoolSlots uint64 // Maximum number of transaction slots in overflow pool
+	AccountSlots uint64 // Number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account
+	GlobalSlots  uint64 // Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts
+	AccountQueue uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account
+	GlobalQueue  uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts
 
 	Lifetime       time.Duration // Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued
 	ReannounceTime time.Duration // Duration for announcing local pending transactions again
@@ -153,11 +150,10 @@ var DefaultConfig = Config{
 	PriceLimit: 1,
 	PriceBump:  10,
 
-	AccountSlots:      16,
-	GlobalSlots:       4096 + 1024, // urgent + floating queue capacity with 4:1 ratio
-	AccountQueue:      64,
-	GlobalQueue:       1024,
-	OverflowPoolSlots: 0,
+	AccountSlots: 16,
+	GlobalSlots:  4096 + 1024, // urgent + floating queue capacity with 4:1 ratio
+	AccountQueue: 64,
+	GlobalQueue:  1024,
 
 	Lifetime:       3 * time.Hour,
 	ReannounceTime: 10 * 365 * 24 * time.Hour,
@@ -239,8 +235,6 @@ type LegacyPool struct {
 	all     *lookup                      // All transactions to allow lookups
 	priced  *pricedList                  // All transactions sorted by price
 
-	localBufferPool *TxOverflowPool // Local buffer transactions
-
 	reqResetCh      chan *txpoolResetRequest
 	reqPromoteCh    chan *accountSet
 	queueTxEventCh  chan *types.Transaction
@@ -278,7 +272,6 @@ func New(config Config, chain BlockChain) *LegacyPool {
 		reorgDoneCh:     make(chan chan struct{}),
 		reorgShutdownCh: make(chan struct{}),
 		initDoneCh:      make(chan struct{}),
-		localBufferPool: NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(config.OverflowPoolSlots),
 	}
 	pool.locals = newAccountSet(pool.signer)
 	for _, addr := range config.Locals {
@@ -415,6 +408,7 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) loop() {
 					if !pool.locals.contains(addr) {
 						continue
 					}
+
 					for _, tx := range list.Flatten() {
 						// Default ReannounceTime is 10 years, won't announce by default.
 						if time.Since(tx.Time()) < pool.config.ReannounceTime {
@@ -523,17 +517,6 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) Stats() (int, int) {
 	return pool.stats()
 }
 
-func (pool *LegacyPool) statsOverflowPool() int {
-	pool.mu.RLock()
-	defer pool.mu.RUnlock()
-
-	if pool.localBufferPool == nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-
-	return pool.localBufferPool.Size()
-}
-
 // stats retrieves the current pool stats, namely the number of pending and the
 // number of queued (non-executable) transactions.
 func (pool *LegacyPool) stats() (int, int) {
@@ -848,8 +831,6 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) add(tx *types.Transaction, local bool) (replaced bool, e
 			}
 		}
 
-		pool.addToOverflowPool(drop, isLocal)
-
 		// Kick out the underpriced remote transactions.
 		for _, tx := range drop {
 			log.Trace("Discarding freshly underpriced transaction", "hash", tx.Hash(), "gasTipCap", tx.GasTipCap(), "gasFeeCap", tx.GasFeeCap())
@@ -906,29 +887,6 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) add(tx *types.Transaction, local bool) (replaced bool, e
 	return replaced, nil
 }
 
-func (pool *LegacyPool) addToOverflowPool(drop types.Transactions, isLocal bool) {
-	// calculate total number of slots in drop. Accordingly add them to OverflowPool (if there is space)
-	availableSlotsOverflowPool := pool.availableSlotsOverflowPool()
-	if availableSlotsOverflowPool > 0 {
-		// transfer availableSlotsOverflowPool number of transactions slots from drop to OverflowPool
-		currentSlotsUsed := 0
-		for i, tx := range drop {
-			txSlots := numSlots(tx)
-			if currentSlotsUsed+txSlots <= availableSlotsOverflowPool {
-				from, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, tx)
-				pool.localBufferPool.Add(tx)
-				log.Debug("adding to OverflowPool", "transaction", tx.Hash().String(), "from", from.String())
-				currentSlotsUsed += txSlots
-			} else {
-				log.Debug("not all got added to OverflowPool", "totalAdded", i+1)
-				return
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		log.Debug("adding to OverflowPool unsuccessful", "availableSlotsOverflowPool", availableSlotsOverflowPool)
-	}
-}
-
 // isGapped reports whether the given transaction is immediately executable.
 func (pool *LegacyPool) isGapped(from common.Address, tx *types.Transaction) bool {
 	// Short circuit if transaction falls within the scope of the pending list
@@ -1375,6 +1333,7 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) runReorg(done chan struct{}, reset *txpoolResetRequest,
 		reorgDurationTimer.Update(time.Since(t0))
 	}(time.Now())
 	defer close(done)
+
 	var promoteAddrs []common.Address
 	if dirtyAccounts != nil && reset == nil {
 		// Only dirty accounts need to be promoted, unless we're resetting.
@@ -1432,9 +1391,6 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) runReorg(done chan struct{}, reset *txpoolResetRequest,
 	pool.changesSinceReorg = 0 // Reset change counter
 	pool.mu.Unlock()
 
-	// Transfer transactions from OverflowPool to MainPool for new block import
-	pool.transferTransactions()
-
 	// Notify subsystems for newly added transactions
 	for _, tx := range promoted {
 		addr, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, tx)
@@ -2082,50 +2038,3 @@ func (t *lookup) RemotesBelowTip(threshold *big.Int) types.Transactions {
 func numSlots(tx *types.Transaction) int {
 	return int((tx.Size() + txSlotSize - 1) / txSlotSize)
 }
-
-// transferTransactions moves transactions from OverflowPool to MainPool
-func (pool *LegacyPool) transferTransactions() {
-	// Fail fast if the overflow pool is empty
-	if pool.localBufferPool.Size() == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	maxMainPoolSize := int(pool.config.GlobalSlots + pool.config.GlobalQueue)
-	// Use pool.all.Slots() to get the total slots used by all transactions
-	currentMainPoolSize := pool.all.Slots()
-	if currentMainPoolSize >= maxMainPoolSize {
-		return
-	}
-
-	extraSlots := maxMainPoolSize - currentMainPoolSize
-	extraTransactions := (extraSlots + 3) / 4 // Since a transaction can take up to 4 slots
-	log.Debug("Will attempt to transfer from OverflowPool to MainPool", "transactions", extraTransactions)
-	txs := pool.localBufferPool.Flush(extraTransactions)
-	if len(txs) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	pool.Add(txs, true, false)
-}
-
-func (pool *LegacyPool) availableSlotsOverflowPool() int {
-	maxOverflowPoolSize := int(pool.config.OverflowPoolSlots)
-	availableSlots := maxOverflowPoolSize - pool.localBufferPool.Size()
-	if availableSlots > 0 {
-		return availableSlots
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (pool *LegacyPool) PrintTxStats() {
-	for _, l := range pool.pending {
-		for _, transaction := range l.txs.items {
-			from, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, transaction)
-			fmt.Println("from: ", from, " Pending:", transaction.Hash().String(), transaction.GasFeeCap(), transaction.GasTipCap())
-		}
-	}
-
-	pool.localBufferPool.PrintTxStats()
-	fmt.Println("length of all: ", pool.all.Slots())
-	fmt.Println("----------------------------------------------------")
-}
diff --git a/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool_test.go b/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool_test.go
index 53c62b9bd3..5f7a625f13 100644
--- a/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool_test.go
+++ b/core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool_test.go
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -1740,7 +1739,6 @@ func TestRepricingKeepsLocals(t *testing.T) {
 // Note, local transactions are never allowed to be dropped.
 func TestUnderpricing(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	testTxPoolConfig.OverflowPoolSlots = 5
 
 	// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
 	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()), nil)
@@ -1933,8 +1931,6 @@ func TestUnderpricingDynamicFee(t *testing.T) {
 	pool.config.GlobalSlots = 2
 	pool.config.GlobalQueue = 2
 
-	pool.config.OverflowPoolSlots = 0
-
 	// Keep track of transaction events to ensure all executables get announced
 	events := make(chan core.NewTxsEvent, 32)
 	sub := pool.txFeed.Subscribe(events)
@@ -1959,6 +1955,7 @@ func TestUnderpricingDynamicFee(t *testing.T) {
 	// Import the batch and that both pending and queued transactions match up
 	pool.addRemotes(txs) // Pend K0:0, K0:1; Que K1:1
 	pool.addLocal(ltx)   // +K2:0 => Pend K0:0, K0:1, K2:0; Que K1:1
+
 	pending, queued := pool.Stats()
 	if pending != 3 {
 		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 3)
@@ -1998,9 +1995,9 @@ func TestUnderpricingDynamicFee(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 2)
 	}
 	if queued != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 1)
+		t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 2)
 	}
-	if err := validateEvents(events, 2); err != nil { // todo make it 4...After this validateEvents the pending becomes 3?!
+	if err := validateEvents(events, 2); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("additional event firing failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	if err := validatePoolInternals(pool); err != nil {
@@ -2015,12 +2012,11 @@ func TestUnderpricingDynamicFee(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := pool.addLocal(ltx); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to add new underpriced local transaction: %v", err)
 	}
-
 	pending, queued = pool.Stats()
-	if pending != 3 { // 3
+	if pending != 3 {
 		t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 3)
 	}
-	if queued != 1 { // 1
+	if queued != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 1)
 	}
 	if err := validateEvents(events, 2); err != nil {
@@ -2036,51 +2032,41 @@ func TestUnderpricingDynamicFee(t *testing.T) {
 func TestDualHeapEviction(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	testTxPoolConfig.OverflowPoolSlots = 1
 	pool, _ := setupPoolWithConfig(eip1559Config)
 	defer pool.Close()
 
-	pool.config.GlobalSlots = 2
-	pool.config.GlobalQueue = 2
-	pool.config.OverflowPoolSlots = 1
+	pool.config.GlobalSlots = 10
+	pool.config.GlobalQueue = 10
 
 	var (
 		highTip, highCap *types.Transaction
 		baseFee          int
-		highCapValue     int64
-		highTipValue     int64
 	)
 
 	check := func(tx *types.Transaction, name string) {
 		if pool.all.GetRemote(tx.Hash()) == nil {
-			t.Fatalf("highest %s transaction evicted from the pool, gasTip: %s, gasFeeCap: %s, hash: %s", name, highTip.GasTipCap().String(), highCap.GasFeeCap().String(), tx.Hash().String())
+			t.Fatalf("highest %s transaction evicted from the pool", name)
 		}
 	}
 
 	add := func(urgent bool) {
-		for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
+		for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
 			var tx *types.Transaction
 			// Create a test accounts and fund it
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			testAddBalance(pool, crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey), big.NewInt(1000000000000))
 			if urgent {
 				tx = dynamicFeeTx(0, 100000, big.NewInt(int64(baseFee+1+i)), big.NewInt(int64(1+i)), key)
-				if int64(1+i) > highTipValue || (int64(1+i) == highTipValue && int64(baseFee+1+i) > highTip.GasFeeCap().Int64()) {
-					highTipValue = int64(1 + i)
-					highTip = tx
-				}
+				highTip = tx
 			} else {
 				tx = dynamicFeeTx(0, 100000, big.NewInt(int64(baseFee+200+i)), big.NewInt(1), key)
-				if int64(baseFee+200+i) > highCapValue {
-					highCapValue = int64(baseFee + 200 + i)
-					highCap = tx
-				}
+				highCap = tx
 			}
 			pool.addRemotesSync([]*types.Transaction{tx})
 		}
 		pending, queued := pool.Stats()
-		if pending+queued != 4 {
-			t.Fatalf("transaction count mismatch: have %d, want %d, pending %d, queued %d, OverflowPool %d", pending+queued, 5, pending, queued, pool.localBufferPool.Size())
+		if pending+queued != 20 {
+			t.Fatalf("transaction count mismatch: have %d, want %d", pending+queued, 10)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -2245,50 +2231,6 @@ func TestReplacement(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestTransferTransactions(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-	testTxPoolConfig.OverflowPoolSlots = 1
-	pool, _ := setupPoolWithConfig(eip1559Config)
-	defer pool.Close()
-
-	pool.config.GlobalSlots = 1
-	pool.config.GlobalQueue = 2
-
-	// Create a number of test accounts and fund them
-	keys := make([]*ecdsa.PrivateKey, 5)
-	for i := 0; i < len(keys); i++ {
-		keys[i], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
-		testAddBalance(pool, crypto.PubkeyToAddress(keys[i].PublicKey), big.NewInt(1000000))
-	}
-
-	tx := dynamicFeeTx(0, 100000, big.NewInt(3), big.NewInt(2), keys[0])
-	from, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, tx)
-	pool.addToOverflowPool([]*types.Transaction{tx}, true)
-	pending, queue := pool.Stats()
-
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, pending, "pending transactions mismatched")
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, queue, "queued transactions mismatched")
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, pool.statsOverflowPool(), "OverflowPool size unexpected")
-
-	tx2 := dynamicFeeTx(0, 100000, big.NewInt(3), big.NewInt(2), keys[1])
-	pool.addToOverflowPool([]*types.Transaction{tx2}, true)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, pool.statsOverflowPool(), "OverflowPool size unexpected")
-	<-pool.requestPromoteExecutables(newAccountSet(pool.signer, from))
-	pending, queue = pool.Stats()
-
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, pending, "pending transactions mismatched")
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, queue, "queued transactions mismatched")
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, pool.statsOverflowPool(), "OverflowPool size unexpected")
-
-	tx3 := dynamicFeeTx(0, 100000, big.NewInt(3), big.NewInt(2), keys[2])
-	pool.addToOverflowPool([]*types.Transaction{tx3}, true)
-	pending, queue = pool.Stats()
-
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, pending, "pending transactions mismatched")
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, queue, "queued transactions mismatched")
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, pool.statsOverflowPool(), "OverflowPool size unexpected")
-}
-
 // Tests that the pool rejects replacement dynamic fee transactions that don't
 // meet the minimum price bump required.
 func TestReplacementDynamicFee(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/core/txpool/legacypool/tx_overflowpool.go b/core/txpool/legacypool/tx_overflowpool.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 4bfd4b6f5a..0000000000
--- a/core/txpool/legacypool/tx_overflowpool.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-package legacypool
-
-import (
-	"container/heap"
-	"fmt"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-)
-
-// txHeapItem implements the Interface interface (https://pkg.go.dev/container/heap#Interface) of heap so that it can be heapified
-type txHeapItem struct {
-	tx        *types.Transaction
-	timestamp int64 // Unix timestamp (nanoseconds) of when the transaction was added
-	index     int
-}
-
-type txHeap []*txHeapItem
-
-func (h txHeap) Len() int { return len(h) }
-func (h txHeap) Less(i, j int) bool {
-	return h[i].timestamp < h[j].timestamp
-}
-func (h txHeap) Swap(i, j int) {
-	if i < 0 || j < 0 || i >= len(h) || j >= len(h) {
-		return // Silently fail if indices are out of bounds
-	}
-	h[i], h[j] = h[j], h[i]
-	if h[i] != nil {
-		h[i].index = i
-	}
-	if h[j] != nil {
-		h[j].index = j
-	}
-}
-
-func (h *txHeap) Push(x interface{}) {
-	item, ok := x.(*txHeapItem)
-	if !ok {
-		return
-	}
-	n := len(*h)
-	item.index = n
-	*h = append(*h, item)
-}
-
-func (h *txHeap) Pop() interface{} {
-	old := *h
-	n := len(old)
-	if n == 0 {
-		return nil // Return nil if the heap is empty
-	}
-	item := old[n-1]
-	old[n-1] = nil // avoid memory leak
-	*h = old[0 : n-1]
-	if item != nil {
-		item.index = -1 // for safety
-	}
-	return item
-}
-
-type TxOverflowPool struct {
-	txHeap    txHeap
-	index     map[common.Hash]*txHeapItem
-	mu        sync.RWMutex
-	maxSize   uint64
-	totalSize int
-}
-
-func NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(estimatedMaxSize uint64) *TxOverflowPool {
-	return &TxOverflowPool{
-		txHeap:  make(txHeap, 0, estimatedMaxSize),
-		index:   make(map[common.Hash]*txHeapItem, estimatedMaxSize),
-		maxSize: estimatedMaxSize,
-	}
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) Add(tx *types.Transaction) {
-	tp.mu.Lock()
-	defer tp.mu.Unlock()
-
-	if _, exists := tp.index[tx.Hash()]; exists {
-		// Transaction already in pool, ignore
-		return
-	}
-
-	if uint64(len(tp.txHeap)) >= tp.maxSize {
-		// Remove the oldest transaction to make space
-		oldestItem, ok := heap.Pop(&tp.txHeap).(*txHeapItem)
-		if !ok || oldestItem == nil {
-			return
-		}
-		delete(tp.index, oldestItem.tx.Hash())
-		tp.totalSize -= numSlots(oldestItem.tx)
-		OverflowPoolGauge.Dec(1)
-	}
-
-	item := &txHeapItem{
-		tx:        tx,
-		timestamp: time.Now().UnixNano(),
-	}
-	heap.Push(&tp.txHeap, item)
-	tp.index[tx.Hash()] = item
-	tp.totalSize += numSlots(tx)
-	OverflowPoolGauge.Inc(1)
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) Get(hash common.Hash) (*types.Transaction, bool) {
-	tp.mu.RLock()
-	defer tp.mu.RUnlock()
-	if item, ok := tp.index[hash]; ok {
-		return item.tx, true
-	}
-	return nil, false
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) Remove(hash common.Hash) {
-	tp.mu.Lock()
-	defer tp.mu.Unlock()
-	if item, ok := tp.index[hash]; ok {
-		heap.Remove(&tp.txHeap, item.index)
-		delete(tp.index, hash)
-		tp.totalSize -= numSlots(item.tx)
-		OverflowPoolGauge.Dec(1)
-	}
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) Flush(n int) []*types.Transaction {
-	tp.mu.Lock()
-	defer tp.mu.Unlock()
-	if n > tp.txHeap.Len() {
-		n = tp.txHeap.Len()
-	}
-	txs := make([]*types.Transaction, n)
-	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		item, ok := heap.Pop(&tp.txHeap).(*txHeapItem)
-		if !ok || item == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		txs[i] = item.tx
-		delete(tp.index, item.tx.Hash())
-		tp.totalSize -= numSlots(item.tx)
-	}
-
-	OverflowPoolGauge.Dec(int64(n))
-	return txs
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) Len() int {
-	tp.mu.RLock()
-	defer tp.mu.RUnlock()
-	return tp.txHeap.Len()
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) Size() int {
-	tp.mu.RLock()
-	defer tp.mu.RUnlock()
-	return tp.totalSize
-}
-
-func (tp *TxOverflowPool) PrintTxStats() {
-	tp.mu.RLock()
-	defer tp.mu.RUnlock()
-	for _, item := range tp.txHeap {
-		tx := item.tx
-		fmt.Printf("Hash: %s, Timestamp: %d, GasFeeCap: %s, GasTipCap: %s\n",
-			tx.Hash().String(), item.timestamp, tx.GasFeeCap().String(), tx.GasTipCap().String())
-	}
-}
diff --git a/core/txpool/legacypool/tx_overflowpool_test.go b/core/txpool/legacypool/tx_overflowpool_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 9a4aee5008..0000000000
--- a/core/txpool/legacypool/tx_overflowpool_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,266 +0,0 @@
-package legacypool
-
-import (
-	"math/big"
-	rand2 "math/rand"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/cometbft/cometbft/libs/rand"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-)
-
-// Helper function to create a test transaction
-func createTestTx(nonce uint64, gasPrice *big.Int) *types.Transaction {
-	to := common.HexToAddress("0x1234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	return types.NewTransaction(nonce, to, big.NewInt(1000), 21000, gasPrice, nil)
-}
-
-func TestNewTxOverflowPoolHeap(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(0)
-	if pool == nil {
-		t.Fatal("NewTxOverflowPoolHeap returned nil")
-	}
-	if pool.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("New pool should be empty, got length %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTxOverflowPoolHeapAdd(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(1)
-	tx := createTestTx(1, big.NewInt(1000))
-
-	pool.Add(tx)
-	if pool.Len() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should have 1 transaction, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-
-	// Add the same transaction again
-	pool.Add(tx)
-	if pool.Len() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should still have 1 transaction after adding duplicate, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTxOverflowPoolHeapGet(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(1)
-	tx := createTestTx(1, big.NewInt(1000))
-	pool.Add(tx)
-
-	gotTx, exists := pool.Get(tx.Hash())
-	if !exists {
-		t.Fatal("Get returned false for existing transaction")
-	}
-	if gotTx.Hash() != tx.Hash() {
-		t.Errorf("Get returned wrong transaction. Want %v, got %v", tx.Hash(), gotTx.Hash())
-	}
-
-	_, exists = pool.Get(common.Hash{})
-	if exists {
-		t.Error("Get returned true for non-existent transaction")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTxOverflowPoolHeapRemove(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(1)
-	tx := createTestTx(1, big.NewInt(1000))
-	pool.Add(tx)
-
-	pool.Remove(tx.Hash())
-	if pool.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should be empty after removing the only transaction, got length %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-
-	// Try to remove non-existent transaction
-	pool.Remove(common.Hash{})
-	if pool.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Error("Removing non-existent transaction should not affect pool size")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTxOverflowPoolHeapPopN(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(3)
-	tx1 := createTestTx(1, big.NewInt(1000))
-	tx2 := createTestTx(2, big.NewInt(2000))
-	tx3 := createTestTx(3, big.NewInt(3000))
-
-	pool.Add(tx1)
-	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond) // Ensure different timestamps
-	pool.Add(tx2)
-	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond)
-	pool.Add(tx3)
-
-	popped := pool.Flush(2)
-	if len(popped) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("PopN(2) should return 2 transactions, got %d", len(popped))
-	}
-	if popped[0].Hash() != tx1.Hash() || popped[1].Hash() != tx2.Hash() {
-		t.Error("PopN returned transactions in wrong order")
-	}
-	if pool.Len() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should have 1 transaction left, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-
-	// Pop more than available
-	popped = pool.Flush(2)
-	if len(popped) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("PopN(2) should return 1 transaction when only 1 is left, got %d", len(popped))
-	}
-	if popped[0].Hash() != tx3.Hash() {
-		t.Error("PopN returned wrong transaction")
-	}
-	if pool.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should be empty, got length %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTxOverflowPoolHeapOrdering(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(3)
-	tx1 := createTestTx(1, big.NewInt(1000))
-	tx2 := createTestTx(2, big.NewInt(2000))
-	tx3 := createTestTx(3, big.NewInt(3000))
-
-	pool.Add(tx2)
-	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond) // Ensure different timestamps
-	pool.Add(tx1)
-	pool.Add(tx3) // Added immediately after tx1, should have same timestamp but higher sequence
-
-	popped := pool.Flush(3)
-	if len(popped) != 3 {
-		t.Fatalf("PopN(3) should return 3 transactions, got %d", len(popped))
-	}
-	if popped[0].Hash() != tx2.Hash() || popped[1].Hash() != tx1.Hash() || popped[2].Hash() != tx3.Hash() {
-		t.Error("Transactions not popped in correct order (earliest timestamp first, then by sequence)")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTxOverflowPoolHeapLen(t *testing.T) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(2)
-	if pool.Len() != 0 {
-		t.Errorf("New pool should have length 0, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-
-	pool.Add(createTestTx(1, big.NewInt(1000)))
-	if pool.Len() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should have length 1 after adding a transaction, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-
-	pool.Add(createTestTx(2, big.NewInt(2000)))
-	if pool.Len() != 2 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should have length 2 after adding another transaction, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-
-	pool.Flush(1)
-	if pool.Len() != 1 {
-		t.Errorf("Pool should have length 1 after popping a transaction, got %d", pool.Len())
-	}
-}
-
-// Helper function to create a random test transaction
-func createRandomTestTx() *types.Transaction {
-	nonce := uint64(rand.Intn(1000000))
-	to := common.BytesToAddress(rand.Bytes(20))
-	amount := new(big.Int).Rand(rand2.New(rand2.NewSource(rand.Int63())), big.NewInt(1e18))
-	gasLimit := uint64(21000)
-	gasPrice := new(big.Int).Rand(rand2.New(rand2.NewSource(rand.Int63())), big.NewInt(1e9))
-	data := rand.Bytes(100)
-	return types.NewTransaction(nonce, to, amount, gasLimit, gasPrice, data)
-}
-
-func createRandomTestTxs(n int) []*types.Transaction {
-	txs := make([]*types.Transaction, n)
-	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		txs[i] = createRandomTestTx()
-	}
-	return txs
-}
-
-// goos: darwin
-// goarch: arm64
-// pkg: github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/txpool/legacypool
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapAdd-8              	  813326	      2858 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapAdd(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(uint64(b.N))
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(b.N)
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pool.Add(txs[i])
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapGet-8              	32613938	        35.63 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapGet(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(1000)
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(1000)
-	for _, tx := range txs {
-		pool.Add(tx)
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pool.Get(txs[i%1000].Hash())
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapRemove-8           	 3020841	       417.8 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapRemove(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(uint64(b.N))
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(b.N)
-	for _, tx := range txs {
-		pool.Add(tx)
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pool.Remove(txs[i].Hash())
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapFlush-8            	42963656	        29.90 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapFlush(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(1000)
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(1000)
-	for _, tx := range txs {
-		pool.Add(tx)
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pool.Flush(10)
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapLen-8              	79147188	        20.07 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapLen(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(1000)
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(1000)
-	for _, tx := range txs {
-		pool.Add(tx)
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pool.Len()
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapAddRemove-8        	  902896	      1546 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapAddRemove(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(uint64(b.N))
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(b.N)
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pool.Add(txs[i])
-		pool.Remove(txs[i].Hash())
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapAddFlush-8         	   84417	     14899 ns/op
-func BenchmarkTxOverflowPoolHeapAddFlush(b *testing.B) {
-	pool := NewTxOverflowPoolHeap(uint64(b.N * 10))
-	txs := createRandomTestTxs(b.N * 10)
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		for j := 0; j < 10; j++ {
-			pool.Add(txs[i*10+j])
-		}
-		pool.Flush(10)
-	}
-}