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dwarf.c
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dwarf.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
/* This should be defined before #include "utils.h" */
#define PR_FMT "dwarf"
#define PR_DOMAIN DBG_DWARF
#include "uftrace.h"
#include "utils/utils.h"
#include "utils/dwarf.h"
#include "utils/symbol.h"
#include "utils/filter.h"
bool debug_info_has_argspec(struct debug_info *dinfo)
{
if (dinfo == NULL)
return false;
/* dinfo has some debug entries? */
return !RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&dinfo->args) || !RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&dinfo->rets);
}
bool debug_info_has_location(struct debug_info *dinfo)
{
if (dinfo == NULL)
return false;
/* dinfo has some debug entries? */
return dinfo->nr_locs_used;
}
struct debug_entry {
struct rb_node node;
uint64_t offset;
char *name;
char *spec;
};
static int add_debug_entry(struct rb_root *root, char *func, uint64_t offset,
char *argspec)
{
struct debug_entry *entry, *iter;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
pr_dbg3("add debug entry: %"PRIx64" %s%s\n", offset, func, argspec);
while (*p) {
parent = *p;
iter = rb_entry(parent, struct debug_entry, node);
if (unlikely(iter->offset == offset)) {
pr_dbg3("debug entry: conflict!\n");
/* mark it broken by using NULL spec */
free(iter->spec);
iter->spec = NULL;
return 0;
}
if (iter->offset > offset)
p = &parent->rb_left;
else
p = &parent->rb_right;
}
entry = xmalloc(sizeof(*entry));
entry->name = xstrdup(func);
entry->spec = xstrdup(argspec);
entry->offset = offset;
rb_link_node(&entry->node, parent, p);
rb_insert_color(&entry->node, root);
return 0;
}
static struct debug_entry * find_debug_entry(struct rb_root *root, uint64_t offset)
{
struct debug_entry *iter;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
int ret;
while (*p) {
parent = *p;
iter = rb_entry(parent, struct debug_entry, node);
ret = iter->offset - offset;
if (ret == 0) {
pr_dbg3("found debug entry at %"PRIx64" (%s%s)\n",
offset, iter->name, iter->spec);
return iter;
}
if (ret > 0)
p = &parent->rb_left;
else
p = &parent->rb_right;
}
return NULL;
}
static void free_debug_entry(struct rb_root *root)
{
struct debug_entry *entry;
struct rb_node *node;
while (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(root)) {
node = rb_first(root);
entry = rb_entry(node, typeof(*entry), node);
rb_erase(node, root);
free(entry->name);
free(entry->spec);
free(entry);
}
}
static struct debug_file * get_debug_file(struct debug_info *dinfo,
const char *filename)
{
struct debug_file *df;
struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
struct rb_node **p = &dinfo->files.rb_node;
int ret;
if (filename == NULL)
return NULL;
while (*p) {
parent = *p;
df = rb_entry(parent, struct debug_file, node);
ret = strcmp(df->name, filename);
if (ret == 0)
return df;
if (ret < 0)
p = &parent->rb_left;
else
p = &parent->rb_right;
}
df = xmalloc(sizeof(*df));
df->name = xstrdup(filename);
rb_link_node(&df->node, parent, p);
rb_insert_color(&df->node, &dinfo->files);
return df;
}
static void release_debug_file(struct rb_root *root)
{
struct debug_file *df;
struct rb_node *node;
while (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(root)) {
node = rb_first(root);
df = rb_entry(node, typeof(*df), node);
rb_erase(node, root);
free(df->name);
free(df);
}
}
#ifdef HAVE_LIBDW
#include <libelf.h>
#include <gelf.h>
#include <dwarf.h>
/*
* symbol table contains normalized (zero-based) relative address.
* but some other info in non-PIE executable has different base
* address so it needs to convert back and forth.
*/
static inline unsigned long sym_to_dwarf_addr(struct debug_info *dinfo,
unsigned long addr)
{
if (dinfo->file_type == ET_EXEC)
addr += dinfo->offset;
return addr;
}
static inline unsigned long dwarf_to_sym_addr(struct debug_info *dinfo,
unsigned long addr)
{
if (dinfo->file_type == ET_EXEC)
addr -= dinfo->offset;
return addr;
}
struct cu_files {
Dwarf_Files *files;
size_t num; /* number of files */
};
static int elf_file_type(struct debug_info *dinfo)
{
GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
if (dinfo->dw && gelf_getehdr(dwarf_getelf(dinfo->dw), &ehdr))
return ehdr.e_type;
return ET_NONE;
}
static bool get_attr(Dwarf_Die *die, int attr, bool follow,
Dwarf_Attribute *da)
{
if (follow) {
if (!dwarf_hasattr_integrate(die, attr))
return false;
dwarf_attr_integrate(die, attr, da);
}
else {
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, attr))
return false;
dwarf_attr(die, attr, da);
}
return true;
}
static long int_attr(Dwarf_Die *die, int attr, bool follow)
{
Dwarf_Attribute da;
Dwarf_Sword data;
if (!get_attr(die, attr, follow, &da))
return 0;
dwarf_formsdata(&da, &data);
return data;
}
static char * str_attr(Dwarf_Die *die, int attr, bool follow)
{
Dwarf_Attribute da;
if (!get_attr(die, attr, follow, &da))
return NULL;
return (char *) dwarf_formstring(&da);
}
/* setup dwarf info from filename, return 0 for success */
static int setup_dwarf_info(const char *filename, struct debug_info *dinfo,
unsigned long offset, bool force)
{
int fd;
if (!force && check_trace_functions(filename) != TRACE_MCOUNT)
return 0;
pr_dbg2("setup dwarf debug info for %s\n", filename);
fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
pr_dbg2("cannot open debug info for %s: %m\n", filename);
return -1;
}
dinfo->dw = dwarf_begin(fd, DWARF_C_READ);
close(fd);
if (dinfo->dw == NULL) {
pr_dbg2("failed to setup debug info: %s\n",
dwarf_errmsg(dwarf_errno()));
return -1;
}
pr_dbg2("setup dwarf debug info for %s\n", filename);
/*
* symbol table already uses relative address but non-PIE
* executble needs to use absolute address for DWARF info.
* Also as filter entry uses absolute address, it needs to
* keep the offset to recover relative address back.
*/
dinfo->offset = offset;
dinfo->file_type = elf_file_type(dinfo);
return 0;
}
static void release_dwarf_info(struct debug_info *dinfo)
{
if (dinfo->dw == NULL)
return;
dwarf_end(dinfo->dw);
dinfo->dw = NULL;
}
struct type_data {
enum uftrace_arg_format fmt;
size_t size;
int pointer;
bool ignore;
bool broken;
char *enum_name;
struct debug_info *dinfo;
};
static char * fill_enum_str(Dwarf_Die *die)
{
char *str = NULL;
Dwarf_Die e_val;
if (dwarf_child(die, &e_val) != 0)
goto out;
do {
if (dwarf_tag(&e_val) == DW_TAG_enumerator) {
char buf[256];
Dwarf_Sword val;
val = int_attr(&e_val, DW_AT_const_value, false);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s=%ld",
dwarf_diename(&e_val), (long)val);
str = strjoin(str, buf, ",");
}
}
while (dwarf_siblingof(&e_val, &e_val) == 0);
out:
if (str == NULL)
pr_dbg2("no enum values\n");
return str;
}
static char * make_enum_name(Dwarf_Die *die)
{
Dwarf_Die cudie;
const char *cu_name = NULL;
unsigned long off;
char *enum_name;
char *tmp;
if (dwarf_diecu (die, &cudie, NULL, NULL))
cu_name = dwarf_diename(&cudie);
if (cu_name == NULL)
cu_name = "unnamed";
off = dwarf_cuoffset(die);
xasprintf(&enum_name, "%s_%lx", basename(cu_name), off);
/* replace forbidden characters */
tmp = enum_name;
while ((tmp = strpbrk(tmp, "+-.()<> ")) != NULL)
*tmp++ = '_';
return enum_name;
}
/* returns size in bit */
static size_t type_size(Dwarf_Die *die, size_t default_size)
{
int size;
/* just guess it's word size */
size = dwarf_bytesize(die);
if (size <= 0)
size = default_size;
return size * 8;
}
static bool is_empty_aggregate(Dwarf_Die *die)
{
Dwarf_Die child;
Dwarf_Die parent;
bool inherited = false;
/* C++ defines size of an empty struct as 1 byte */
if (type_size(die, sizeof(long)) > 1 * 8)
return false;
retry:
if (dwarf_child(die, &child) != 0)
return true; /* no child = no member */
do {
Dwarf_Attribute type;
switch (dwarf_tag(&child)) {
case DW_TAG_member:
return false;
case DW_TAG_subprogram:
/* probably a lambda function */
return false;
case DW_TAG_inheritance:
dwarf_attr(&child, DW_AT_type, &type);
dwarf_formref_die(&type, &parent);
inherited = true;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
while (dwarf_siblingof(&child, &child) == 0);
if (inherited) {
inherited = false;
die = &parent;
goto retry;
}
return true;
}
static bool resolve_type_info(Dwarf_Die *die, struct type_data *td)
{
Dwarf_Die ref;
Dwarf_Attribute type;
unsigned aform;
const char *tname;
char *enum_def;
char *enum_str;
/*
* type refers to another type in a chain like:
* (pointer) -> (const) -> (char)
*/
while (dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_type)) {
dwarf_attr(die, DW_AT_type, &type);
aform = dwarf_whatform(&type);
switch (aform) {
case DW_FORM_ref1:
case DW_FORM_ref2:
case DW_FORM_ref4:
case DW_FORM_ref8:
case DW_FORM_ref_udata:
case DW_FORM_ref_addr:
case DW_FORM_ref_sig8:
dwarf_formref_die(&type, &ref);
die = &ref;
break;
default:
pr_dbg2("unhandled type form: %u\n", aform);
return false;
}
switch (dwarf_tag(die)) {
case DW_TAG_enumeration_type:
enum_str = fill_enum_str(die);
if (enum_str == NULL)
return false; /* use default format */
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_ENUM;
tname = dwarf_diename(die);
if (tname && (isalpha(*tname) || *tname == '_'))
td->enum_name = xstrdup(tname);
else
td->enum_name = make_enum_name(die);
xasprintf(&enum_def, "enum %s { %s }",
td->enum_name, enum_str);
pr_dbg3("type: %s\n", enum_str);
td->size = type_size(die, sizeof(int));
parse_enum_string(enum_def, &td->dinfo->enums);
free(enum_def);
free(enum_str);
return true;
case DW_TAG_structure_type:
case DW_TAG_union_type:
case DW_TAG_class_type:
pr_dbg3("type: struct/union/class\n");
/* ignore struct with no member (when called-by-value) */
if (!td->pointer && is_empty_aggregate(die))
td->ignore = true;
break;
case DW_TAG_pointer_type:
case DW_TAG_ptr_to_member_type:
case DW_TAG_reference_type:
case DW_TAG_rvalue_reference_type:
td->pointer++;
pr_dbg3("type: pointer/reference\n");
break;
case DW_TAG_array_type:
pr_dbg3("type: array\n");
break;
case DW_TAG_const_type:
pr_dbg3("type: const\n");
break;
case DW_TAG_subroutine_type:
if (td->pointer == 1) {
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_PTR;
pr_dbg3("type: function pointer\n");
/* prevent to look up (return) type more */
return true;
}
break;
default:
pr_dbg3("type: %s (tag %d)\n",
dwarf_diename(die), dwarf_tag(die));
break;
}
}
tname = dwarf_diename(die);
if (td->pointer) {
td->size = sizeof(long) * 8;
/* treat 'char *' as string */
if (td->pointer == 1 && tname && !strcmp(tname, "char"))
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_STR;
else
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_PTR;
return true;
}
td->size = type_size(die, sizeof(long));
/* TODO: handle aggregate types correctly */
if (td->size > sizeof(long) * 8)
td->broken = true;
if (dwarf_tag(die) != DW_TAG_base_type)
return false;
if (!strcmp(tname, "char"))
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_CHAR;
else if (!strcmp(tname, "float"))
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_FLOAT;
else if (!strcmp(tname, "double"))
td->fmt = ARG_FMT_FLOAT;
return true;
}
struct arg_data {
const char *name;
char *argspec;
int idx;
int fpidx;
bool broken;
struct debug_info *dinfo;
};
static bool add_type_info(char *spec, size_t len, Dwarf_Die *die,
struct arg_data *ad)
{
struct type_data data = {
.fmt = ARG_FMT_AUTO,
.dinfo = ad->dinfo,
};
Dwarf_Die origin;
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_type)) {
Dwarf_Attribute attr;
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_abstract_origin))
return false;
dwarf_attr(die, DW_AT_abstract_origin, &attr);
dwarf_formref_die(&attr, &origin);
die = &origin;
}
if (!resolve_type_info(die, &data)) {
if (data.broken)
ad->broken = true;
return !data.ignore;
}
switch (data.fmt) {
case ARG_FMT_CHAR:
strcat(spec, "/c");
break;
case ARG_FMT_STR:
if (!ad->broken)
strcat(spec, "/s");
break;
case ARG_FMT_FLOAT:
if (ad->idx) { /* for arguments */
snprintf(spec, len, "fparg%d/%zu",
++ad->fpidx, data.size);
/* do not increase index of integer arguments */
--ad->idx;
}
else { /* for return values */
char sz[16];
snprintf(sz, sizeof(sz), "%zu", data.size);
strcat(spec, "/f");
strcat(spec, sz);
}
break;
case ARG_FMT_PTR:
strcat(spec, "/p");
break;
case ARG_FMT_ENUM:
strcat(spec, "/e:");
strcat(spec, data.enum_name);
break;
default:
break;
}
return true;
}
struct location_data {
int type;
int reg; // DWARF register number
int offset; // stack offset
};
static bool get_arg_location(Dwarf_Die *die, struct location_data *ld)
{
Dwarf_Attribute loc;
Dwarf_Op *ops = NULL;
size_t len = 0;
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_location))
return false;
dwarf_attr(die, DW_AT_location, &loc);
if (dwarf_getlocation(&loc, &ops, &len) == -1) {
int (*get_location_list)(Dwarf_Attribute *loc, Dwarf_Off offset,
Dwarf_Addr *base, Dwarf_Addr *start,
Dwarf_Addr *end, Dwarf_Op **ops,
size_t *len);
Dwarf_Addr base, start, end;
get_location_list = dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "dwarf_getlocations");
if (get_location_list == NULL)
return false;
/* try to get the first entry in the location list */
if (get_location_list(&loc, 0, &base, &start, &end,
&ops, &len) == -1)
return false;
}
while (len--) {
switch (ops->atom) {
case DW_OP_fbreg:
/*
* ignore minus offsets since it doesn't set the
* frame-pointer yet (we're before the prologue).
*/
if ((int)ops->number > 0) {
ld->type = ARG_TYPE_STACK;
ld->offset = DIV_ROUND_UP(ops->number,
sizeof(long)) + 1;
pr_dbg3("location: stack (%d)\n", ld->offset);
}
break;
case DW_OP_reg0...DW_OP_reg31:
ld->type = ARG_TYPE_REG;
ld->reg = ops->atom;
pr_dbg3("location: reg (%d)\n", ld->reg);
break;
case DW_OP_regx:
ld->type = ARG_TYPE_REG;
ld->reg = ops->number;
pr_dbg3("location: reg (%d)\n", ld->reg);
break;
}
}
return true;
}
static void add_location(char *spec, size_t len, Dwarf_Die *die,
struct arg_data *ad)
{
struct location_data data = {
.type = ARG_TYPE_INDEX,
};
char buf[32];
const char *reg;
if (!get_arg_location(die, &data))
return;
switch (data.type) {
case ARG_TYPE_REG:
reg = arch_register_dwarf_name(host_cpu_arch(), data.reg);
if (strcmp(reg, "invalid register")) {
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%%%s", reg);
strcat(spec, buf);
}
break;
case ARG_TYPE_STACK:
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%%stack+%d", data.offset);
strcat(spec, buf);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
static int get_argspec(Dwarf_Die *die, void *data)
{
struct arg_data *ad = data;
Dwarf_Die arg;
Dwarf_Addr offset = 0;
int count = 0;
dwarf_lowpc(die, &offset);
pr_dbg2("found '%s' function for argspec (%#lx)\n", ad->name, offset);
if (dwarf_child(die, &arg) != 0) {
pr_dbg2("has no argument (children)\n");
return 0;
}
do {
char buf[256];
if (dwarf_tag(&arg) != DW_TAG_formal_parameter)
continue;
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "arg%d", ++ad->idx);
if (!add_type_info(buf, sizeof(buf), &arg, ad)) {
/* ignore this argument */
ad->idx--;
continue;
}
add_location(buf, sizeof(buf), &arg, ad);
if (ad->argspec == NULL)
xasprintf(&ad->argspec, "@%s", buf);
else
ad->argspec = strjoin(ad->argspec, buf, ",");
count++;
}
while (dwarf_siblingof(&arg, &arg) == 0);
return count;
}
static int get_retspec(Dwarf_Die *die, void *data)
{
struct arg_data *ad = data;
char buf[256];
Dwarf_Die spec;
pr_dbg2("found '%s' function for retspec\n", ad->name);
/* for C++ programs */
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_type)) {
Dwarf_Attribute attr;
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_specification))
return 0;
dwarf_attr(die, DW_AT_specification, &attr);
dwarf_formref_die(&attr, &spec);
die = &spec;
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_type))
return 0;
}
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "@retval");
add_type_info(buf, sizeof(buf), die, ad);
ad->argspec = xstrdup(buf);
return 1;
}
struct build_data {
struct debug_info *dinfo;
struct symtab *symtab;
int nr_args;
int nr_rets;
struct uftrace_pattern *args;
struct uftrace_pattern *rets;
struct cu_files files;
};
/* caller should free the return value */
static char *find_last_component(char *name)
{
char *tmp, *p, *last;
int count = 0;
tmp = p = last = xstrdup(name);
while (*p) {
if (strchr("<(", *p))
*p = '\0', count++;
else if (strchr(">)", *p))
count--;
if (p[0] == ':' && p[1] == ':' && count == 0)
last = p + 2;
p++;
}
p = xstrdup(last);
free(tmp);
return p;
}
static bool match_name(struct sym *sym, char *name)
{
bool ret;
if (sym == NULL)
return false;
if (!strcmp(sym->name, name))
return true;
/* name is mangled C++/Rust symbol */
if (name[0] == '_' && name[1] == 'Z') {
char *demangled_name = demangle(name);
ret = !strcmp(sym->name, demangled_name);
free(demangled_name);
return ret;
}
/* name is already (fully) demangled */
if (strpbrk(name, "(<:>)")) {
char *demangled_sym = NULL;
char *last_sym;
char *last_name;
if (demangler == DEMANGLE_FULL)
return !strcmp(sym->name, name);
if (demangler == DEMANGLE_NONE)
demangled_sym = demangle(sym->name);
last_sym = find_last_component(sym->name);
last_name = find_last_component(name);
ret = !strcmp(last_sym, last_name);
free(last_sym);
free(last_name);
free(demangled_sym);
return ret;
}
return false;
}
static void get_source_location(Dwarf_Die *die, struct build_data *bd,
struct sym *sym)
{
ptrdiff_t sym_idx;
const char *filename;
struct debug_info *dinfo = bd->dinfo;
struct debug_file *dfile = NULL;
int dline = 0;
sym_idx = sym - bd->symtab->sym;
if (dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_decl_file)) {
if (dwarf_decl_line(die, &dline) == 0) {
filename = dwarf_decl_file(die);
dfile = get_debug_file(dinfo, filename);
}
}
else {
Dwarf_Die cudie;
Dwarf_Line *line;
unsigned long dwarf_addr = sym_to_dwarf_addr(dinfo, sym->addr);
dwarf_diecu(die, &cudie, NULL, NULL);
line = dwarf_getsrc_die(&cudie, dwarf_addr);
filename = dwarf_linesrc(line, NULL, NULL);
dfile = get_debug_file(dinfo, filename);
dwarf_lineno(line, &dline);
}
if (dfile == NULL)
return;
dinfo->locs[sym_idx].sym = sym;
dinfo->locs[sym_idx].file = dfile;
dinfo->locs[sym_idx].line = dline;
}
static int get_dwarfspecs_cb(Dwarf_Die *die, void *data)
{
struct build_data *bd = data;
struct arg_data ad = {
.argspec = NULL,
.dinfo = bd->dinfo,
};
char *name = NULL;
Dwarf_Addr offset;
struct sym *sym;
int i;
if (uftrace_done)
return DWARF_CB_ABORT;
if (dwarf_tag(die) != DW_TAG_subprogram)
return DWARF_CB_OK;
/* XXX: old libdw might call with decl DIE */
if (dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_declaration))
return DWARF_CB_OK;
/* XXX: this assumes symbol->addr is same as the lowpc */
if (!dwarf_hasattr(die, DW_AT_low_pc))
return DWARF_CB_OK;
dwarf_lowpc(die, &offset);
offset = dwarf_to_sym_addr(bd->dinfo, offset);
if (dwarf_hasattr_integrate(die, DW_AT_linkage_name))
name = str_attr(die, DW_AT_linkage_name, true);
if (name == NULL)
name = (char *)dwarf_diename(die);
if (unlikely(name == NULL))
return DWARF_CB_OK;
/*
* double-check symbol table has same info.
* we add 1 to the offset because of ARM(THUMB) symbols
* but DWARF doesn't know about it.
*/
sym = find_sym(bd->symtab, offset + 1);
if (sym == NULL || !match_name(sym, name)) {
pr_dbg4("skip unknown debug info: %s / %s (%lx)\n",
sym ? sym->name : "no name", name, offset);
goto out;
}
get_source_location(die, bd, sym);
ad.name = sym->name;
for (i = 0; i < bd->nr_rets; i++) {
if (!match_filter_pattern(&bd->rets[i], sym->name))
continue;
if (get_retspec(die, &ad)) {
add_debug_entry(&bd->dinfo->rets, sym->name, sym->addr,
ad.argspec);
}
free(ad.argspec);
ad.argspec = NULL;
break;
}
for (i = 0; i < bd->nr_args; i++) {
if (!match_filter_pattern(&bd->args[i], sym->name))
continue;
if (get_argspec(die, &ad)) {
add_debug_entry(&bd->dinfo->args, sym->name, sym->addr,
ad.argspec);
}
free(ad.argspec);
ad.argspec = NULL;
break;
}
out:
return DWARF_CB_OK;
}
static void build_dwarf_info(struct debug_info *dinfo, struct symtab *symtab,
enum uftrace_pattern_type ptype,