Use ExprFString for StringLike::FString variant (#10311)

## Summary

This PR updates the `StringLike::FString` variant to use `ExprFString`
instead of `FStringLiteralElement`.

For context, the reason it used `FStringLiteralElement` is that the node
is actually the string part of an f-string ("foo" in `f"foo{x}"`). But,
this is inconsistent with other variants where the captured value is the
_entire_ string.

This is also problematic w.r.t. implicitly concatenated strings. Any
rules which work with `StringLike::FString` doesn't account for the
string part in an implicitly concatenated f-strings. For example, we
don't flag confusable character in the first part of `"𝐁ad" f"𝐁ad
string"`, but only the second part
(https://play.ruff.rs/16071c4c-a1dd-4920-b56f-e2ce2f69c843).

### Update `PYI053`

_This is included in this PR because otherwise it requires a temporary
workaround to be compatible with the old logic._

This PR also updates the `PYI053` (`string-or-bytes-too-long`) rule for
f-string to consider _all_ the visible characters in a f-string,
including the ones which are implicitly concatenated. This is consistent
with implicitly concatenated strings and bytes.

For example,

```python
def foo(
	# We count all the characters here
    arg1: str = '51 character ' 'stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg',
	# But not here because of the `{x}` replacement field which _breaks_ them up into two chunks
    arg2: str = f'51 character {x} stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg',
) -> None: ...
```

This PR fixes it to consider all _visible_ characters inside an f-string
which includes expressions as well.

fixes: #10310 
fixes: #10307 

## Test Plan

Add new test cases and update the snapshots.

## Review

To facilitate the review process, the change have been split into two
commits: one which has the code change while the other has the test
cases and updated snapshots.

Author: dhruvmanila

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_bandit/S104.py

@@ -18,3 +18,7 @@ def func(address):
 def my_func():
     x = "0.0.0.0"
     print(x)
+
+
+# Implicit string concatenation
+"0.0.0.0" f"0.0.0.0{expr}0.0.0.0"

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_bandit/S108.py

@@ -18,6 +18,13 @@
 with open("/foo/bar", "w") as f:
     f.write("def")
 
+# Implicit string concatenation
+with open("/tmp/" "abc", "w") as f:
+    f.write("def")
+
+with open("/tmp/abc" f"/tmp/abc", "w") as f:
+    f.write("def")
+
 # Using `tempfile` module should be ok
 import tempfile
 from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_pyi/PYI053.pyi

@@ -64,3 +64,5 @@ def not_warnings_dot_deprecated(
     "Not warnings.deprecated, so this one *should* lead to PYI053 in a stub!"  # Error: PYI053
 )
 def not_a_deprecated_function() -> None: ...
+
+fbaz: str = f"51 character {foo} stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # Error: PYI053

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/ruff/confusables.py

@@ -53,3 +53,6 @@ class Labware:
 
 
 assert getattr(Labware(), "µL") == 1.5
+
+# Implicit string concatenation
+x = "𝐁ad" f"𝐁ad string"

crates/ruff_linter/src/checkers/ast/mod.rs

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ use ruff_python_ast::helpers::{
 use ruff_python_ast::identifier::Identifier;
 use ruff_python_ast::name::QualifiedName;
 use ruff_python_ast::str::Quote;
-use ruff_python_ast::visitor::{walk_except_handler, walk_f_string_element, walk_pattern, Visitor};
+use ruff_python_ast::visitor::{walk_except_handler, walk_pattern, Visitor};
 use ruff_python_ast::{helpers, str, visitor, PySourceType};
 use ruff_python_codegen::{Generator, Stylist};
 use ruff_python_index::Indexer;
@@ -1407,6 +1407,7 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for Checker<'a> {
                 analyze::string_like(string_literal.into(), self);
             }
             Expr::BytesLiteral(bytes_literal) => analyze::string_like(bytes_literal.into(), self),
+            Expr::FString(f_string) => analyze::string_like(f_string.into(), self),
             _ => {}
         }
 
@@ -1573,16 +1574,6 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for Checker<'a> {
                 .push((bound, self.semantic.snapshot()));
         }
     }
-
-    fn visit_f_string_element(&mut self, f_string_element: &'a ast::FStringElement) {
-        // Step 2: Traversal
-        walk_f_string_element(self, f_string_element);
-
-        // Step 4: Analysis
-        if let Some(literal) = f_string_element.as_literal() {
-            analyze::string_like(literal.into(), self);
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 impl<'a> Checker<'a> {

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bandit/rules/hardcoded_bind_all_interfaces.rs

@@ -38,17 +38,37 @@ impl Violation for HardcodedBindAllInterfaces {
 
 /// S104
 pub(crate) fn hardcoded_bind_all_interfaces(checker: &mut Checker, string: StringLike) {
-    let is_bind_all_interface = match string {
-        StringLike::StringLiteral(ast::ExprStringLiteral { value, .. }) => value == "0.0.0.0",
-        StringLike::FStringLiteral(ast::FStringLiteralElement { value, .. }) => {
-            &**value == "0.0.0.0"
+    match string {
+        StringLike::String(ast::ExprStringLiteral { value, .. }) => {
+            if value == "0.0.0.0" {
+                checker
+                    .diagnostics
+                    .push(Diagnostic::new(HardcodedBindAllInterfaces, string.range()));
+            }
         }
-        StringLike::BytesLiteral(_) => return,
+        StringLike::FString(ast::ExprFString { value, .. }) => {
+            for part in value {
+                match part {
+                    ast::FStringPart::Literal(literal) => {
+                        if &**literal == "0.0.0.0" {
+                            checker
+                                .diagnostics
+                                .push(Diagnostic::new(HardcodedBindAllInterfaces, literal.range()));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    ast::FStringPart::FString(f_string) => {
+                        for literal in f_string.literals() {
+                            if &**literal == "0.0.0.0" {
+                                checker.diagnostics.push(Diagnostic::new(
+                                    HardcodedBindAllInterfaces,
+                                    literal.range(),
+                                ));
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        StringLike::Bytes(_) => (),
     };
-
-    if is_bind_all_interface {
-        checker
-            .diagnostics
-            .push(Diagnostic::new(HardcodedBindAllInterfaces, string.range()));
-    }
 }

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bandit/rules/hardcoded_tmp_directory.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use ruff_python_ast::{self as ast, Expr, StringLike};
-use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
+use ruff_text_size::{Ranged, TextRange};
 
 use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, Violation};
 use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
@@ -53,12 +53,29 @@ impl Violation for HardcodedTempFile {
 
 /// S108
 pub(crate) fn hardcoded_tmp_directory(checker: &mut Checker, string: StringLike) {
-    let value = match string {
-        StringLike::StringLiteral(ast::ExprStringLiteral { value, .. }) => value.to_str(),
-        StringLike::FStringLiteral(ast::FStringLiteralElement { value, .. }) => value,
-        StringLike::BytesLiteral(_) => return,
-    };
+    match string {
+        StringLike::String(ast::ExprStringLiteral { value, .. }) => {
+            check(checker, value.to_str(), string.range());
+        }
+        StringLike::FString(ast::ExprFString { value, .. }) => {
+            for part in value {
+                match part {
+                    ast::FStringPart::Literal(literal) => {
+                        check(checker, literal, literal.range());
+                    }
+                    ast::FStringPart::FString(f_string) => {
+                        for literal in f_string.literals() {
+                            check(checker, literal, literal.range());
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        StringLike::Bytes(_) => (),
+    }
+}
 
+fn check(checker: &mut Checker, value: &str, range: TextRange) {
     if !checker
         .settings
         .flake8_bandit
@@ -85,6 +102,6 @@ pub(crate) fn hardcoded_tmp_directory(checker: &mut Checker, string: StringLike)
         HardcodedTempFile {
             string: value.to_string(),
         },
-        string.range(),
+        range,
     ));
 }

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bandit/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_bandit__tests__S104_S104.py.snap

@@ -42,4 +42,23 @@ S104.py:19:9: S104 Possible binding to all interfaces
 20 |     print(x)
    |
 
+S104.py:24:1: S104 Possible binding to all interfaces
+   |
+23 | # Implicit string concatenation
+24 | "0.0.0.0" f"0.0.0.0{expr}0.0.0.0"
+   | ^^^^^^^^^ S104
+   |
+
+S104.py:24:13: S104 Possible binding to all interfaces
+   |
+23 | # Implicit string concatenation
+24 | "0.0.0.0" f"0.0.0.0{expr}0.0.0.0"
+   |             ^^^^^^^ S104
+   |
 
+S104.py:24:26: S104 Possible binding to all interfaces
+   |
+23 | # Implicit string concatenation
+24 | "0.0.0.0" f"0.0.0.0{expr}0.0.0.0"
+   |                          ^^^^^^^ S104
+   |

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bandit/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_bandit__tests__S108_S108.py.snap

@@ -37,4 +37,28 @@ S108.py:14:11: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/de
 15 |     f.write("def")
    |
 
+S108.py:22:11: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/tmp/abc"
+   |
+21 | # Implicit string concatenation
+22 | with open("/tmp/" "abc", "w") as f:
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ S108
+23 |     f.write("def")
+   |
 
+S108.py:25:11: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/tmp/abc"
+   |
+23 |     f.write("def")
+24 | 
+25 | with open("/tmp/abc" f"/tmp/abc", "w") as f:
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^ S108
+26 |     f.write("def")
+   |
+
+S108.py:25:24: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/tmp/abc"
+   |
+23 |     f.write("def")
+24 | 
+25 | with open("/tmp/abc" f"/tmp/abc", "w") as f:
+   |                        ^^^^^^^^ S108
+26 |     f.write("def")
+   |

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_bandit/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_bandit__tests__S108_extend.snap

@@ -45,4 +45,28 @@ S108.py:18:11: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/fo
 19 |     f.write("def")
    |
 
+S108.py:22:11: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/tmp/abc"
+   |
+21 | # Implicit string concatenation
+22 | with open("/tmp/" "abc", "w") as f:
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ S108
+23 |     f.write("def")
+   |
+
+S108.py:25:11: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/tmp/abc"
+   |
+23 |     f.write("def")
+24 | 
+25 | with open("/tmp/abc" f"/tmp/abc", "w") as f:
+   |           ^^^^^^^^^^ S108
+26 |     f.write("def")
+   |
 
+S108.py:25:24: S108 Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "/tmp/abc"
+   |
+23 |     f.write("def")
+24 | 
+25 | with open("/tmp/abc" f"/tmp/abc", "w") as f:
+   |                        ^^^^^^^^ S108
+26 |     f.write("def")
+   |

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_pyi/rules/string_or_bytes_too_long.rs

@@ -57,11 +57,9 @@ pub(crate) fn string_or_bytes_too_long(checker: &mut Checker, string: StringLike
     }
 
     let length = match string {
-        StringLike::StringLiteral(ast::ExprStringLiteral { value, .. }) => value.chars().count(),
-        StringLike::BytesLiteral(ast::ExprBytesLiteral { value, .. }) => value.len(),
-        StringLike::FStringLiteral(ast::FStringLiteralElement { value, .. }) => {
-            value.chars().count()
-        }
+        StringLike::String(ast::ExprStringLiteral { value, .. }) => value.chars().count(),
+        StringLike::Bytes(ast::ExprBytesLiteral { value, .. }) => value.len(),
+        StringLike::FString(node) => count_f_string_chars(node),
     };
     if length <= 50 {
         return;
@@ -75,6 +73,26 @@ pub(crate) fn string_or_bytes_too_long(checker: &mut Checker, string: StringLike
     checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
 }
 
+/// Count the number of visible characters in an f-string. This accounts for
+/// implicitly concatenated f-strings as well.
+fn count_f_string_chars(f_string: &ast::ExprFString) -> usize {
+    f_string
+        .value
+        .iter()
+        .map(|part| match part {
+            ast::FStringPart::Literal(string) => string.chars().count(),
+            ast::FStringPart::FString(f_string) => f_string
+                .elements
+                .iter()
+                .map(|element| match element {
+                    ast::FStringElement::Literal(string) => string.chars().count(),
+                    ast::FStringElement::Expression(expr) => expr.range().len().to_usize(),
+                })
+                .sum(),
+        })
+        .sum()
+}
+
 fn is_warnings_dot_deprecated(expr: Option<&ast::Expr>, semantic: &SemanticModel) -> bool {
     // Does `expr` represent a call to `warnings.deprecated` or `typing_extensions.deprecated`?
     let Some(expr) = expr else {

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/flake8_pyi/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__flake8_pyi__tests__PYI053_PYI053.pyi.snap

@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ PYI053.pyi:34:14: PYI053 [*] String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters
 36 36 | ffoo: str = f"50 character stringggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # OK
 37 37 | 
 
-PYI053.pyi:38:15: PYI053 [*] String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters are not permitted
+PYI053.pyi:38:13: PYI053 [*] String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters are not permitted
    |
 36 | ffoo: str = f"50 character stringggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # OK
 37 | 
 38 | fbar: str = f"51 character stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # Error: PYI053
-   |               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PYI053
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PYI053
 39 | 
 40 | class Demo:
    |
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ PYI053.pyi:38:15: PYI053 [*] String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters
 36 36 | ffoo: str = f"50 character stringggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # OK
 37 37 | 
 38    |-fbar: str = f"51 character stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # Error: PYI053
-   38 |+fbar: str = f"..."  # Error: PYI053
+   38 |+fbar: str = ...  # Error: PYI053
 39 39 | 
 40 40 | class Demo:
 41 41 |     """Docstrings are excluded from this rule. Some padding."""  # OK
@@ -144,5 +144,20 @@ PYI053.pyi:64:5: PYI053 [*] String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters
    64 |+    ...  # Error: PYI053
 65 65 | )
 66 66 | def not_a_deprecated_function() -> None: ...
+67 67 | 
 
+PYI053.pyi:68:13: PYI053 [*] String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters are not permitted
+   |
+66 | def not_a_deprecated_function() -> None: ...
+67 | 
+68 | fbaz: str = f"51 character {foo} stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # Error: PYI053
+   |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ PYI053
+   |
+   = help: Replace with `...`
 
+ℹ Safe fix
+65 65 | )
+66 66 | def not_a_deprecated_function() -> None: ...
+67 67 | 
+68    |-fbaz: str = f"51 character {foo} stringgggggggggggggggggggggggggg"  # Error: PYI053
+   68 |+fbaz: str = ...  # Error: PYI053